UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain

Computes and sums the change in fuel pellet volume due to solid and gaseous fission product buildup in UPuZr.

Description

This model, UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain, computes a volumetric strain to account for solid and gaseous swelling in U-Pu-Zr metal fuel systems. The solid swelling and gaseous swelling are optionally saved as a material property, named solid_swelling and gas_swelling, respectively. Also, porosity (as-fabricated + gas swelling porosity) is available as a material property.

Gaseous Swelling

The derivation for the mechanistic fuel swelling model for U-Pu-Zr systems used here was originally presented in Medvedev (2012). First, it is assumed that the fission gas generated in the fuel instantly forms fission gas bubbles having a diameter of 5 $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-6af4c0e4-5c18-42f4-8e50-6309eea8cb28");katex.render("\\mu", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ m. The mechanical force balance on an equilibrium bubble can be expressed as follows (Barnes, 1964): $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-e40092e6-c36c-44ce-84ff-37cbf0f33b00");katex.render("p = \\frac{2 \\gamma}{r_{b}} - \\sigma_{h} + \\sigma_{cr}", element, {displayMode:true,throwOnError:false});$ where $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-c84aad3f-5db4-49d7-82b2-4aef13026164");katex.render("p", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the pressure of the fission gas in a bubble, $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-8c676ebf-e4d5-45d1-8a6a-7b9117c90f0c");katex.render("\\gamma", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the surface tension of the fuel, $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-276bec84-7e59-40c2-b41a-90fa20844bc6");katex.render("r_{b}", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the fission gas bubble size, $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-78793b56-b1a9-4dea-9240-12b3a772cacc");katex.render("\\sigma_{h}", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the hydrostatic stress in the fuel, and $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-52b54d94-24fb-48d4-9102-aab82eee49d0");katex.render("\\sigma_{cr}", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the creep strength stress of the fuel. The gas pressure in the bubble is governed by the ideal gas law: $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-2e0087c5-7d88-4a72-b5ae-7bd00275298f");katex.render(" pV = \\nu RT", element, {displayMode:true,throwOnError:false});$ where $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-eae8ccf7-0a8f-4eaf-a5ff-d06d55213bdd");katex.render("p", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ , $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-c3943ee2-5e91-48f2-8a43-260c71788aad");katex.render("V", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ , $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-a7959ed6-4880-4f71-bf0d-1ee07096379d");katex.render("\\nu", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ , $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-1937319a-b5a8-4518-a86c-ba211ba77e99");katex.render("R", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ , $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-6892a408-17e4-4107-a870-48007053bae3");katex.render("T", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ , are the pressure, volume, amount, universal gas constant, and temperature of the fission gas, respectively. By rearranging the ideal gas law to calculate the volume of the fission gas and substituting the mechanical force balance equation, the following is obtained for the volume of the fission gas: $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-b8352044-7a8f-4bfd-982b-c12b1b5b3596");katex.render(" V = \\frac{\\nu RT}{\\frac{2 \\gamma}{r_{b}} - \\sigma_{h} + \\sigma_{cr}}.", element, {displayMode:true,throwOnError:false});$

Substituting r $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-39ad8d07-df28-4c07-9b76-ccf8b678fdbb");katex.render("_b", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ = 0.5 $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-37e89755-1350-48fc-b42e-1f22258cc9ea");katex.render("\\mu", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ m, $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-89fdf70e-5070-4627-b286-813872b756df");katex.render("\\gamma", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ = 0.8 N/m (Karahan, 2009), and $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-f8c54360-1049-4008-b0fe-2d9842278dc4");katex.render("\\sigma_{cr}", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ = 6.9 $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-476a54f4-4d80-459c-9180-5e81bde81c77");katex.render("\\times", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ 10 $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-db56b7a5-bc7f-4d22-bd19-4de49ffa9216");katex.render("^6", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ Pa, from Churchman et al. (1958) for pure U, the fuel swelling due to fission gas is obtained: $(1)var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-9e278080-ea6d-4a32-bf90-52143470c608");katex.render(" \\left(\\frac{\\Delta V}{V_0}\\right)_g = \\frac{3.59\\times 10^{-24}FT}{1.01\\times 10^7 - \\sigma_h}", element, {displayMode:true,throwOnError:false});$ where $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-0c21cab6-5265-4354-91a8-40475a3321b2");katex.render("T", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the temperature in Kelvin, $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-f77107e0-efb4-4eb3-843a-5d7ee63c4a12");katex.render("F", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is in fission/m $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-0280b77c-9bb0-42bc-b246-724935be1c97");katex.render("^3", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ , and $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-42ea299e-f67f-4917-9ac3-69bec51f814b");katex.render("\\sigma_h", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is in Pa. The porosity of metal fuel, also calculated in VSwellingUPuZr, is obtained from Medvedev (2012) and is given by $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-8e6cf4c9-f376-4262-aab5-3e68d2cadb8c");katex.render(" p = \\frac{\\left(\\frac{\\Delta V}{V_o}\\right)_{g}}{\\left(\\frac{\\Delta V}{V_o}\\right)_g + 1}", element, {displayMode:true,throwOnError:false});$ where $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-39a5005b-a231-4391-9808-501262e3cad7");katex.render("V", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the current volume and $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-be7e59c9-86c4-4435-88d7-ddb1361858f5");katex.render("V_o", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the orginal volume.

Solid Swelling

Swelling due to solid fission products is assumed to be 1.5% per 1% burnup as suggested by Ogata and Yokoo (1999): $(2)var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-eab3ab3d-b4bd-4e3d-b8bc-267c05087a07");katex.render(" \\left(\\frac{\\Delta V}{V_0}\\right)_s = 4.16\\times 10^{-29}F", element, {displayMode:true,throwOnError:false});$ where $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-20530f23-cfff-400a-809f-8112f184e8b5");katex.render("F", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the fission rate density in fissions/m $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-d712fcf2-2832-46d9-ba2b-ce9b9edee957");katex.render("^3", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ , $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-af8aafe7-afd6-469a-9dce-5e10d740d38e");katex.render("V", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the current volume, and $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-a06e135d-85bf-4662-b747-e12066e9a4d4");katex.render("V_o", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the original volume.

Total Isotropic Volumetric Swelling

Following Karahan and Buongiorno (2010), the total volumetric swelling is the summation of contributions from gaseous and solid swelling: $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-9f021a13-ead9-4e2a-b5e6-9a0c9a86b099");katex.render(" \\left( \\frac{\\Delta V}{V_0} \\right)_{total} = \\left( \\frac{\\Delta V}{V_0} \\right)_g + \\left( \\frac{ \\Delta V}{V_0} \\right)_s", element, {displayMode:true,throwOnError:false});$

Example Input Syntax

[Materials<<<{"href": "../../../syntax/Materials/index.html"}>>>]
  [swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain<<<{"description": "Computes and sums the change in fuel pellet volume due to solid and gaseous fission product buildup in UPuZr.", "href": "UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain.html"}>>>
    temperature<<<{"description": "Coupled temperature variable"}>>> = temp
    hydrostatic_stress<<<{"description": "Coupled hydrostatic stress variable"}>>> = hydrostatic_stress
    eigenstrain_name<<<{"description": "Material property name for the eigenstrain tensor computed by this model. IMPORTANT: The name of this property must also be provided to the strain calculator."}>>> = 'swelling'
    solid_swelling_scale_factor<<<{"description": "Scale factor to be applied to the solid swelling strain. Used for calibration and sensitivity studies"}>>> = 0
    initial_porosity<<<{"description": "Initial or fabrication porosity"}>>> = 0.1
    outputs<<<{"description": "Vector of output names where you would like to restrict the output of variables(s) associated with this object"}>>> = all
    output_properties<<<{"description": "List of material properties, from this material, to output (outputs must also be defined to an output type)"}>>> = 'porosity gaseous_porosity'
  []
[]

Note, the eigenstrain_name parameter value must also be set for the strain calculator.

Input Parameters

eigenstrain_nameMaterial property name for the eigenstrain tensor computed by this model. IMPORTANT: The name of this property must also be provided to the strain calculator.
C++ Type:std::string
Controllable:No
Description:Material property name for the eigenstrain tensor computed by this model. IMPORTANT: The name of this property must also be provided to the strain calculator.
temperatureCoupled temperature variable
C++ Type:std::vector<VariableName>
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Coupled temperature variable

Required Parameters

base_nameOptional parameter that allows the user to define multiple mechanics material systems on the same block, i.e. for multiple phases
C++ Type:std::string
Controllable:No
Description:Optional parameter that allows the user to define multiple mechanics material systems on the same block, i.e. for multiple phases
blockThe list of blocks (ids or names) that this object will be applied
C++ Type:std::vector<SubdomainName>
Controllable:No
Description:The list of blocks (ids or names) that this object will be applied
boundaryThe list of boundaries (ids or names) from the mesh where this object applies
C++ Type:std::vector<BoundaryName>
Controllable:No
Description:The list of boundaries (ids or names) from the mesh where this object applies
burnupburnupburnup material property name
Default:burnup
C++ Type:MaterialPropertyName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:burnup material property name
computeTrueWhen false, MOOSE will not call compute methods on this material. The user must call computeProperties() after retrieving the MaterialBase via MaterialBasePropertyInterface::getMaterialBase(). Non-computed MaterialBases are not sorted for dependencies.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:When false, MOOSE will not call compute methods on this material. The user must call computeProperties() after retrieving the MaterialBase via MaterialBasePropertyInterface::getMaterialBase(). Non-computed MaterialBases are not sorted for dependencies.
constant_onNONEWhen ELEMENT, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps.When SUBDOMAIN, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps. Evaluations on element qps will be skipped
Default:NONE
C++ Type:MooseEnum
Options:NONE, ELEMENT, SUBDOMAIN
Controllable:No
Description:When ELEMENT, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps.When SUBDOMAIN, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps. Evaluations on element qps will be skipped
declare_suffixAn optional suffix parameter that can be appended to any declared properties. The suffix will be prepended with a '_' character.
C++ Type:MaterialPropertyName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:An optional suffix parameter that can be appended to any declared properties. The suffix will be prepended with a '_' character.
fission_ratefission_rateFission rate material property name
Default:fission_rate
C++ Type:MaterialPropertyName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Fission rate material property name
hydrostatic_stressCoupled hydrostatic stress variable
C++ Type:std::vector<VariableName>
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Coupled hydrostatic stress variable
initial_porosity0Initial or fabrication porosity
Default:0
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Initial or fabrication porosity
max_porosity0.25Porosity at which fission gas release finishes
Default:0.25
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Porosity at which fission gas release finishes
min_porosity0.23Porosity at which fission gas release starts
Default:0.23
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Porosity at which fission gas release starts
use_old_hydrostatic_stressTrueFlag to use the hydrostatic stress calculated at the previous timestep instead of the current value
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Flag to use the hydrostatic stress calculated at the previous timestep instead of the current value

Optional Parameters

control_tagsAdds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:Adds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
enableTrueSet the enabled status of the MooseObject.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:Yes
Description:Set the enabled status of the MooseObject.
implicitTrueDetermines whether this object is calculated using an implicit or explicit form
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Determines whether this object is calculated using an implicit or explicit form
seed0The seed for the master random number generator
Default:0
C++ Type:unsigned int
Controllable:No
Description:The seed for the master random number generator
use_displaced_meshFalseWhether or not this object should use the displaced mesh for computation. Note that in the case this is true but no displacements are provided in the Mesh block the undisplaced mesh will still be used.
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether or not this object should use the displaced mesh for computation. Note that in the case this is true but no displacements are provided in the Mesh block the undisplaced mesh will still be used.

Advanced Parameters

gas_swelling_scale_factor1Scale factor to be applied to the gaseous swelling strain. Used for calibration and sensitivity studies
Default:1
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Scale factor to be applied to the gaseous swelling strain. Used for calibration and sensitivity studies
solid_swelling_scale_factor1Scale factor to be applied to the solid swelling strain. Used for calibration and sensitivity studies
Default:1
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Scale factor to be applied to the solid swelling strain. Used for calibration and sensitivity studies

Advanced: Scaling Factors Parameters

output_propertiesList of material properties, from this material, to output (outputs must also be defined to an output type)
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:List of material properties, from this material, to output (outputs must also be defined to an output type)
outputsnone Vector of output names where you would like to restrict the output of variables(s) associated with this object
Default:none
C++ Type:std::vector<OutputName>
Controllable:No
Description:Vector of output names where you would like to restrict the output of variables(s) associated with this object

Outputs Parameters

prop_getter_suffixAn optional suffix parameter that can be appended to any attempt to retrieve/get material properties. The suffix will be prepended with a '_' character.
C++ Type:MaterialPropertyName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:An optional suffix parameter that can be appended to any attempt to retrieve/get material properties. The suffix will be prepended with a '_' character.
use_interpolated_stateFalseFor the old and older state use projected material properties interpolated at the quadrature points. To set up projection use the ProjectedStatefulMaterialStorageAction.
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:For the old and older state use projected material properties interpolated at the quadrature points. To set up projection use the ProjectedStatefulMaterialStorageAction.

Material Property Retrieval Parameters

Input Files

(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_C/x441_leg_C.i)
(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/x441_base_legacy_swell.i)
(test/tests/solid_mechanics/upuzr_eigenstrains/upuzr_vswelling/solid_only.i)
(examples/metal_fuel/uzr/pin.i)
(test/tests/solid_mechanics/upuzr_eigenstrains/upuzr_vswelling/fission_gas.i)
(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_G/x441_leg_G.i)
(examples/non-cylindrical_fuel/2D/non-cyl_base_irrad.i)
(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_H/x441_leg_H.i)
(examples/non-cylindrical_fuel/3D/non-cyl_incl_creep.i)
(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_A/x441_leg_A.i)
(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_E/x441_leg_E.i)
(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_F/x441_leg_F.i)
(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_B/x441_leg_B.i)
(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_D/x441_leg_D.i)

References

R. S. Barnes. A Theory of Swelling and Gas Release for Reactor Materials. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 11:135–148, 1964.

@article{barnes1964,
    author = "Barnes, R. S.",
    title = "A {T}heory of {S}welling and {G}as {R}elease for {R}eactor {M}aterials",
    journal = "Journal of Nuclear Materials",
    volume = "11",
    pages = "135-148",
    year = "1964"
}

A. T. Churchman, R. S. Barnes, and A. H. Cottrell. Effects of Heat and Pressure on the Swelling of Irradiated Uranium. Nuclear Energy, 7:88–96, 1958.

@article{churchman1958,
    author = "Churchman, A. T. and Barnes, R. S. and Cottrell, A. H.",
    title = "{E}ffects of {H}eat and {P}ressure on the {S}welling of {I}rradiated {U}ranium",
    journal = "Nuclear Energy",
    volume = "7",
    pages = "88-96",
    year = "1958"
}

A. Karahan and J. Buongiorno. A new code for predicting the thermo-mechanical and irradiation behavior of metallic fuels in sodium fast reactors. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 396(2):283–293, 2010. doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.11.022.

@article{KARAHAN2010283,
    author = "Karahan, A. and Buongiorno, J.",
    title = "A new code for predicting the thermo-mechanical and irradiation behavior of metallic fuels in sodium fast reactors",
    journal = "Journal of Nuclear Materials",
    volume = "396",
    number = "2",
    pages = "283-293",
    year = "2010",
    issn = "0022-3115",
    doi = "10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.11.022"
}

Aydin Karahan. Modeling of thermo-mechanical and irradiation behavior of metallic and oxide fuels for sodium fast reactors. PhD thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Jun 2009. URL: https://tinyurl.com/y72vqvbn.

@phdthesis{karahan2009,
    author = "Karahan, Aydin",
    title = "Modeling of thermo-mechanical and irradiation behavior of metallic and oxide fuels for sodium fast reactors",
    school = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
    year = "2009",
    month = "Jun",
    url = "https://tinyurl.com/y72vqvbn"
}

Pavel Medvedev. Fuel performance modeling results for representative FCRD irradiation experiments: projected deformation in the annular AFC-3A U-10Zr fuel pins and comparison to alternative designs. Technical Report INL/EXT-12-27183 Revision 1, Idaho National Laboratory, 2012.

@TechReport{rpt:medvedev:2012,
    author = "Medvedev, Pavel",
    institution = "Idaho National Laboratory",
    number = "INL/EXT-12-27183 Revision 1",
    title = "Fuel Performance Modeling Results for Representative {FCRD} Irradiation Experiments: Projected Deformation in the Annular {AFC-3A} {U-10Z}r Fuel Pins and comparison to Alternative Designs",
    year = "2012"
}

T. Ogata and T. Yokoo. Devlopment and Validation of ALFUS: An Irradiation Behavior Analysis Code for Metallic Fast Reactor Fuels. Journal of Nuclear Technology, 128(1):113–123, 1999.

@article{ogata1999,
    author = "Ogata, T. and Yokoo, T.",
    title = "{D}evlopment and {V}alidation of {ALFUS}: {A}n {I}rradiation {B}ehavior {A}nalysis {C}ode for {M}etallic {F}ast {R}eactor {F}uels",
    journal = "Journal of Nuclear Technology",
    volume = "128",
    number = "1",
    pages = "113-123",
    year = "1999"
}

(test/tests/solid_mechanics/upuzr_eigenstrains/upuzr_vswelling/fission_gas.i)

# @Requirement F4.40
#This tests the fission gas release model for UPuZr metal fuel. The amount of gas
# produced is taken from an equation found in the following reference:
#Barnes R. S., A Theory of Swelling and Gas Release for Reactor Materials, Journal
# of Nuclear Materials, 11 (1964) 135 148.
#
# The amount of gas produced is equal to the fraction yield of fission gas atoms
# per fission divided by Avogadro's number multplied by the fission density
#fission_gas_produced in a given time increment =
# (_fracional_yield/Avogadro)*0.5*_dt*(fission_rate + fission_rate_old)
#
# The fission gas that is released is based on an empirical model found in the
# above reference, which states that once the gaseous swelling reaches a value of
# 0.33 (corresponding to a porosity of 0.24812), 80% of the fission gas so far
# produced is immediately released. After that, 100% of the gas produced is released.
# For information regarding swelling and porosity, see the above reference or the
# following reference:
# Karahan A., Modeling of Thermo Mechanical and Irradiation Behavior of Metallic
# and Oxide Fuels for Sodium Fast Reactors, Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2009.

[GlobalParams]
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
[]

[Mesh]
  [mesh]
    type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
    dim = 3
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [all]
    add_variables = true
    strain = FINITE
    eigenstrain_names = 'swelling'
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz hydrostatic_stress'
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  [temp]
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gas_swell]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [fission_rate_func]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 7e7'
    y = '0 2.5e19'
  []
  [pressure_func]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 7e7'
    y = '0 1e6'
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [temp]
    type = ConstantAux
    variable = temp
    value = 1700
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = RankTwoScalarAux
    variable = volumetric_strain
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    scalar_type = VolumetricStrain
  []
  [gas_swell_aux]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = gas_swell
    property = gas_swelling
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [no_x]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = left
    value = 0
  []
  [no_y]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = bottom
    value = 0
  []
  [no_z]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_z
    boundary = back
    value = 0
  []
  [Pressure]
    [Side]
      boundary = 'right top front'
      function = pressure_func
    []
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = GenericFunctionMaterial
    prop_names = 'fission_rate'
    prop_values = 'fission_rate_func'
    outputs = all
  []
  [burnup]
    type = GenericFunctionMaterial
    prop_names = 'burnup'
    prop_values = 0.0
    outputs = all
  []
  [elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 2.0e11
    poissons_ratio = 0.3
  []
  [fuel_stress]
    type = ComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
  []
  [swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    temperature = temp
    hydrostatic_stress = hydrostatic_stress
    eigenstrain_name = 'swelling'
    solid_swelling_scale_factor = 0
    initial_porosity = 0.1
    outputs = all
    output_properties = 'porosity gaseous_porosity'
  []
  [fission_gas_behavior]
    type = UPuZrFissionGasRelease
    outputs = all
    output_properties = 'fis_gas_prod fis_gas_rel'
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  petsc_options = '-snes_ksp_ew'
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu superlu_dist'
  l_max_its = 60
  nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-4
  l_tol = 1e-5
  num_steps = 70
  dt = 1e6
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [gas_produced]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fis_gas_prod
  []
  [gas_released]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fis_gas_rel
  []
  [hydrostatic_stress]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
  []
  [porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = porosity
  []
  [gaseous_porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gaseous_porosity
  []
  [gas_swell]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gas_swell
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = volumetric_strain
  []
[]

[Outputs]
  exodus = true
[]

(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_C/x441_leg_C.i)

initial_fuel_density = 15800.0

[GlobalParams]
  density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  order = SECOND
  family = LAGRANGE
  energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11  # J/fission
  volumetric_locking_correction = false
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Problem]
  type = ReferenceResidualProblem
  reference_vector = 'ref'
  extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
  group_variables = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Mesh]
  coord_type = RZ
  # Nominal Design Geometric Parameters (X441)
  [smeared_pellet_mesh]
    type = FuelPinMeshGenerator
    clad_thickness = ${clad_thickness}
    pellet_outer_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    pellet_height = ${pellet_height}
    clad_top_gap_height = ${clad_top_gap_height}
    clad_gap_width = ${clad_gap_width}
    bottom_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    top_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    clad_bot_gap_height = 0.2e-3 # arbitrary
    # meshing parameters
    clad_mesh_density = customize
    pellet_mesh_density = customize
    nx_p = 6
    ny_p = 260
    nx_c = 4
    ny_c = 260
    ny_cu = ${ny_cu}
    ny_cl = ${ny_cl}
    pellet_quantity = 1
    elem_type = QUAD8
  []
  # mesh options
  patch_size = 30
  patch_update_strategy = auto
  partitioner = centroid
  centroid_partitioner_direction = y
[]

[Variables]
  [disp_x]
  []
  [disp_y]
  []
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 298
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  # Aux variables for output
  [porosity]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gap_cond]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [coolant_htc]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [cumulative_damage_index]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [element_failed]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [solid_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gas_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [power_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '0 44722 44722    0'
  []
  [coolant_press_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 42000400'
    y = '0.151e6 0.151e6'
  []
  [coolant_temp_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '298.0  648.0  648.0  350.0'
  []
  [axial_peaking_factors]
    type = PowerPeakingFunction
    fit = EBRII_ROW_4
    pellet_length = ${pellet_height}
    pellet_y_start = ${pellet_y_start}
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [fuel]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = pellet
    eigenstrain_names = 'fuel_thermal_strain fuel_volumetric_swelling'
  []
  [clad]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = clad
    eigenstrain_names = 'clad_thermal_eigenstrain'
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  # Define kernels for the various terms in the PDE system
  [gravity]
    type = Gravity
    variable = disp_y
    value = -9.81
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat]
    type = HeatConduction
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_ie]
    type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_source]
    type = NeutronHeatSource
    variable = temp
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [porosity]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = porosity
    property = porosity
    block = pellet
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [conductance]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = gap_conductance
    variable = gap_cond
    boundary = 10
  []
  [cdf_amount]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = cdf_failure
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [failed_element]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = failed
    variable = element_failed
  []
  [gas_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = gas_swell
    property = gas_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [solid_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = solid_swell
    property = solid_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = RankTwoScalarAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = volumetric_strain
    scalar_type = VolumetricStrain
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = pellet
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = stress
    variable = hoop_stress
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = creep_strain
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = elastic_strain
    variable = hoop_elastic_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
[]

[Contact]
  [pellet_clad_mechanical]
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    penalty = 1e12
    model = frictionless
    formulation = kinematic
    normalize_penalty = true
    tangential_tolerance = 1e-3
    normal_smoothing_distance = 0.1
  []
[]

[ThermalContact]
  [thermal_contact]
    type = GapHeatTransfer
    variable = temp
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    quadrature = true
    gap_conductivity = 61.0
    min_gap = ${clad_gap_width}
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [no_x_all]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 12
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_fuel]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 20
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_clad]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 1
    value = 0.0
  []
  [Pressure]
    [coolantPressure]
      boundary = '1 2 3'
      function = coolant_press_ramp
    []
  []
  [PlenumPressure]
    [plenumPressure]
      boundary = 9
      initial_pressure = 0.084e6 # Pa
      startup_time = 0
      R = 8.3143
      temperature = ave_temp_interior
      volume = gas_volume
      output = plenum_pressure
      material_input = fis_gas_released
    []
  []
[]

[CoolantChannel]
  [convective_clad_surface]
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    variable = temp
    inlet_temperature   = coolant_temp_ramp
    inlet_pressure      = coolant_press_ramp
    inlet_massflux      = 5261.5   # kg/m^2-sec
    coolant_material    = sodium
    rod_diameter        = 5.84e-3 # m
    rod_pitch           = 7.48e-3 # m (Pitch-to-diameter Ratio = 1.28)
    linear_heat_rate    = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    subchannel_geometry = triangular
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = UPuZrFissionRate
    rod_linear_power = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    pellet_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu_function = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [burnup]
    type = UPuZrBurnup
    initial_X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    initial_X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    density = ${initial_fuel_density}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [fuel_elasticity_tensor]
    type = UPuZrElasticityTensor
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_inelastic_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'fuel_upuzrcreep'
    block = pellet
  []
  [fuel_upuzrcreep]
    type = UPuZrCreepUpdate
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
    porosity = porosity
    max_inelastic_increment = 1e-3
  []
  [fuel_thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.18e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_thermal_strain
  []
  [fuel_volumetric_swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
#    hydrostatic_stress = hydrostatic_stress
    hydrostatic_stress = 1e6
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_volumetric_swelling
  []
  [metal_fuel_thermal]
    type = UPuZrThermal
    block = pellet
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    spheat_model = savage
    thcond_model = lanl
    porosity = porosity
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = pellet
    strain_free_density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  []
  [fission_gas_behavior]
    type = UPuZrFissionGasRelease
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
  []
  [clad_elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 1.88e11
    poissons_ratio = 0.236
    block = clad
  []
  [clad_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'clad_ht9creep'
    block = clad
  []
  [fast_flux]
    type = FastNeutronFlux
    block = clad
    factor = 2.47e19
  []
  [clad_ht9creep]
    type = HT9CreepUpdate
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = clad
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.2e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = clad_thermal_eigenstrain
  []
  [clad_thermal]
    type = HT9Thermal
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [clad_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = clad
    strain_free_density = 7874.0
  []
  [longHT9_failure]
    type = HT9FailureClad
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    method = cdf_long
    temperature = temp
    hoop_stress = stress_zz # Since 2D-RZ
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [SMP]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'PJFNK'
  petsc_options = '-snes_ksp_ew'
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package -ksp_gmres_restart'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu       superlu_dist                  51'
  line_search = 'none'

  l_max_its = 60
  l_tol = 8e-3
  nl_max_its = 40
  nl_rel_tol = 5e-4
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-7

  end_time = 42000400
  dtmin = 100
  dtmax = 5e5

  [Quadrature]
    order = fifth
    side_order = seventh
  []
  [TimeStepper]
    type = IterationAdaptiveDT
    timestep_limiting_postprocessor = creep_timestep
    dt = 1e2
    time_t = '0   1e5   41990400 42000400'
    time_dt = '1e2 1e2    1e2    1e2'
    iteration_window = 4
    optimal_iterations = 10
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [ave_temp_interior]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 9
    variable = temp
    execute_on = 'initial linear'
  []
  [approx_FCT]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    boundary = 12
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_approx_FCT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = approx_FCT
  []
  [ave_FST]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 10
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_FST]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_FST
  []
  [ave_CIT]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 5
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_CIT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_CIT
  []
  [avg_clad_temp]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temp
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_clad_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_fuel_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [max_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [min_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = min
    block = pellet
  []
  [peak_porosity]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = porosity
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [clad_inner_vol]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 7
  []
  [pellet_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 8
  []
  [gas_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 9
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    addition = ${gas_addition}
  []
  [clad_fuel_gap]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = penetration
    boundary = 10
  []
  [max_cont_press]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = contact_pressure
    boundary = 10
  []
  [flux_from_clad]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [flux_from_fuel]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [rod_total_power]
    type = ElementIntegralPower
    variable = temp
    use_material_fission_rate = true
    fission_rate_material = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [LHGR_W_per_cm]
    type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
    function = power_history
    scale_factor = 0.01
  []
  [average_burnup]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    block = pellet
    variable = burnup
  []
  [max_cdf]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [fis_gas_produced]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_prod
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_released]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_rel
    block = pellet
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  []
  [creep_timestep]
    type = MaterialTimeStepPostprocessor
    block = pellet
  []
  [hydrostatic_stress]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    block = pellet
  []
  [solid_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = solid_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [gas_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gas_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = volumetric_strain
    block = pellet
  []
  [fission_rate]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = porosity
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_percent]
    type = FGRPercent
    fission_gas_released = fis_gas_released
    fission_gas_generated = fis_gas_produced
  []
  [max_clad_hoop_creep]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
  []
  [max_total_hoop_strain]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = total_hoop_strain
  []
  [max_fuel_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'all_pellet_exterior'
  []
  [max_clad_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'clad_outside_top clad_outside_right'
  []
[]

[VectorPostprocessors]
  [clad_x_disp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec1'
  []
  [fuel_cl_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 12
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec2'
  []
  [fuel_surf_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec3'
  []
  [clad_inn_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec4'
  []
  [clad_out_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec5'
  []
  [clad_total_hoop_strain]
    type = LineValueSampler
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    start_point = '2.90e-3 2.55e-3 0.0'
    end_point = '2.90e-3 0.725 0.0'
    num_points = 300
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec6'
  []
  [fuel_surf_disp_x]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec7'
  []
[]

[PerformanceMetricOutputs]
  outputs = performance_metrics_file
[]

[Outputs]
  time_step_interval =  10
  color = true
  exodus = true
  perf_graph = true
  csv = true
  sync_times = '1e3 5e3 1e4 5e4 1e5 5e6 1e6 5e6 1e7 2e7 3e7 4e7 41990400 42000400'
  file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell
  [out2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_out2
    time_step_interval =  1
  []
  [console]
    type = Console
    max_rows = 25
    time_step_interval =  1
    output_linear = true
  []
  [chkfile]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_chkfile
    show = 'max_approx_FCT max_ave_FST max_ave_CIT average_burnup fis_gas_percent max_clad_hoop_creep max_fuel_elongation max_clad_elongation max_total_hoop_strain'
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [performance_metrics_file]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_performance_metrics
    show = 'simulation_alive_time number_linear_iterations number_nonlinear_iterations time_step_size total_linear_iterations total_nonlinear_iterations physical_memory_use number_dofs number_nonlinear_variables residual_compute_time jacobian_compute_time'
  []
  [vec1]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec1
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec2
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec3]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec3
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec4]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec4
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec5]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec5
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec6]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec6
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec7]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec7
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
[]

[Debug]
  show_var_residual = 'disp_x disp_y temp'
  show_var_residual_norms = true
[]

(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/x441_base_legacy_swell.i)

initial_fuel_density = 15800.0

[GlobalParams]
  density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  order = SECOND
  family = LAGRANGE
  energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11  # J/fission
  volumetric_locking_correction = false
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Problem]
  type = ReferenceResidualProblem
  reference_vector = 'ref'
  extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
  group_variables = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Mesh]
  coord_type = RZ
  # Nominal Design Geometric Parameters (X441)
  [smeared_pellet_mesh]
    type = FuelPinMeshGenerator
    clad_thickness = ${clad_thickness}
    pellet_outer_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    pellet_height = ${pellet_height}
    clad_top_gap_height = ${clad_top_gap_height}
    clad_gap_width = ${clad_gap_width}
    bottom_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    top_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    clad_bot_gap_height = 0.2e-3 # arbitrary
    # meshing parameters
    clad_mesh_density = customize
    pellet_mesh_density = customize
    nx_p = 6
    ny_p = 260
    nx_c = 4
    ny_c = 260
    ny_cu = ${ny_cu}
    ny_cl = ${ny_cl}
    pellet_quantity = 1
    elem_type = QUAD8
  []
  # mesh options
  patch_size = 30
  patch_update_strategy = auto
  partitioner = centroid
  centroid_partitioner_direction = y
[]

[Variables]
  [disp_x]
  []
  [disp_y]
  []
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 298
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  # Aux variables for output
  [porosity]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gap_cond]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [coolant_htc]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [cumulative_damage_index]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [element_failed]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [solid_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gas_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [power_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '0 44722 44722    0'
  []
  [coolant_press_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 42000400'
    y = '0.151e6 0.151e6'
  []
  [coolant_temp_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '298.0  648.0  648.0  350.0'
  []
  [axial_peaking_factors]
    type = PowerPeakingFunction
    fit = EBRII_ROW_4
    pellet_length = ${pellet_height}
    pellet_y_start = ${pellet_y_start}
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [fuel]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = pellet
    eigenstrain_names = 'fuel_thermal_strain fuel_volumetric_swelling'
  []
  [clad]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = clad
    eigenstrain_names = 'clad_thermal_eigenstrain'
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  # Define kernels for the various terms in the PDE system
  [gravity]
    type = Gravity
    variable = disp_y
    value = -9.81
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat]
    type = HeatConduction
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_ie]
    type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_source]
    type = NeutronHeatSource
    variable = temp
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [porosity]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = porosity
    property = porosity
    block = pellet
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [conductance]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = gap_conductance
    variable = gap_cond
    boundary = 10
  []
  [cdf_amount]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = cdf_failure
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [failed_element]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = failed
    variable = element_failed
  []
  [gas_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = gas_swell
    property = gas_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [solid_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = solid_swell
    property = solid_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = RankTwoScalarAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = volumetric_strain
    scalar_type = VolumetricStrain
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = pellet
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = stress
    variable = hoop_stress
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = creep_strain
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = elastic_strain
    variable = hoop_elastic_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
[]

[Contact]
  [pellet_clad_mechanical]
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    penalty = 1e12
    model = frictionless
    formulation = kinematic
    normalize_penalty = true
    tangential_tolerance = 1e-3
    normal_smoothing_distance = 0.1
  []
[]

[ThermalContact]
  [thermal_contact]
    type = GapHeatTransfer
    variable = temp
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    quadrature = true
    gap_conductivity = 61.0
    min_gap = ${clad_gap_width}
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [no_x_all]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 12
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_fuel]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 20
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_clad]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 1
    value = 0.0
  []
  [Pressure]
    [coolantPressure]
      boundary = '1 2 3'
      function = coolant_press_ramp
    []
  []
  [PlenumPressure]
    [plenumPressure]
      boundary = 9
      initial_pressure = 0.084e6 # Pa
      startup_time = 0
      R = 8.3143
      temperature = ave_temp_interior
      volume = gas_volume
      output = plenum_pressure
      material_input = fis_gas_released
    []
  []
[]

[CoolantChannel]
  [convective_clad_surface]
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    variable = temp
    inlet_temperature   = coolant_temp_ramp
    inlet_pressure      = coolant_press_ramp
    inlet_massflux      = 5261.5   # kg/m^2-sec
    coolant_material    = sodium
    rod_diameter        = 5.84e-3 # m
    rod_pitch           = 7.48e-3 # m (Pitch-to-diameter Ratio = 1.28)
    linear_heat_rate    = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    subchannel_geometry = triangular
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = UPuZrFissionRate
    rod_linear_power = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    pellet_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu_function = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [burnup]
    type = UPuZrBurnup
    initial_X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    initial_X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    density = ${initial_fuel_density}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [fuel_elasticity_tensor]
    type = UPuZrElasticityTensor
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_inelastic_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'fuel_upuzrcreep'
    block = pellet
  []
  [fuel_upuzrcreep]
    type = UPuZrCreepUpdate
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
    porosity = porosity
    max_inelastic_increment = 1e-3
  []
  [fuel_thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.18e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_thermal_strain
  []
  [fuel_volumetric_swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
#    hydrostatic_stress = hydrostatic_stress
    hydrostatic_stress = 1e6
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_volumetric_swelling
  []
  [metal_fuel_thermal]
    type = UPuZrThermal
    block = pellet
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    spheat_model = savage
    thcond_model = lanl
    porosity = porosity
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = pellet
    strain_free_density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  []
  [fission_gas_behavior]
    type = UPuZrFissionGasRelease
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
  []
  [clad_elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 1.88e11
    poissons_ratio = 0.236
    block = clad
  []
  [clad_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'clad_ht9creep'
    block = clad
  []
  [fast_flux]
    type = FastNeutronFlux
    block = clad
    factor = 2.47e19
  []
  [clad_ht9creep]
    type = HT9CreepUpdate
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = clad
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.2e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = clad_thermal_eigenstrain
  []
  [clad_thermal]
    type = HT9Thermal
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [clad_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = clad
    strain_free_density = 7874.0
  []
  [longHT9_failure]
    type = HT9FailureClad
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    method = cdf_long
    temperature = temp
    hoop_stress = stress_zz # Since 2D-RZ
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [SMP]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'PJFNK'
  petsc_options = '-snes_ksp_ew'
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package -ksp_gmres_restart'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu       superlu_dist                  51'
  line_search = 'none'

  l_max_its = 60
  l_tol = 8e-3
  nl_max_its = 40
  nl_rel_tol = 5e-4
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-7

  end_time = 42000400
  dtmin = 100
  dtmax = 5e5

  [Quadrature]
    order = fifth
    side_order = seventh
  []
  [TimeStepper]
    type = IterationAdaptiveDT
    timestep_limiting_postprocessor = creep_timestep
    dt = 1e2
    time_t = '0   1e5   41990400 42000400'
    time_dt = '1e2 1e2    1e2    1e2'
    iteration_window = 4
    optimal_iterations = 10
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [ave_temp_interior]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 9
    variable = temp
    execute_on = 'initial linear'
  []
  [approx_FCT]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    boundary = 12
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_approx_FCT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = approx_FCT
  []
  [ave_FST]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 10
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_FST]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_FST
  []
  [ave_CIT]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 5
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_CIT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_CIT
  []
  [avg_clad_temp]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temp
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_clad_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_fuel_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [max_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [min_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = min
    block = pellet
  []
  [peak_porosity]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = porosity
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [clad_inner_vol]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 7
  []
  [pellet_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 8
  []
  [gas_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 9
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    addition = ${gas_addition}
  []
  [clad_fuel_gap]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = penetration
    boundary = 10
  []
  [max_cont_press]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = contact_pressure
    boundary = 10
  []
  [flux_from_clad]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [flux_from_fuel]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [rod_total_power]
    type = ElementIntegralPower
    variable = temp
    use_material_fission_rate = true
    fission_rate_material = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [LHGR_W_per_cm]
    type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
    function = power_history
    scale_factor = 0.01
  []
  [average_burnup]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    block = pellet
    variable = burnup
  []
  [max_cdf]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [fis_gas_produced]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_prod
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_released]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_rel
    block = pellet
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  []
  [creep_timestep]
    type = MaterialTimeStepPostprocessor
    block = pellet
  []
  [hydrostatic_stress]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    block = pellet
  []
  [solid_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = solid_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [gas_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gas_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = volumetric_strain
    block = pellet
  []
  [fission_rate]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = porosity
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_percent]
    type = FGRPercent
    fission_gas_released = fis_gas_released
    fission_gas_generated = fis_gas_produced
  []
  [max_clad_hoop_creep]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
  []
  [max_total_hoop_strain]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = total_hoop_strain
  []
  [max_fuel_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'all_pellet_exterior'
  []
  [max_clad_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'clad_outside_top clad_outside_right'
  []
[]

[VectorPostprocessors]
  [clad_x_disp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec1'
  []
  [fuel_cl_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 12
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec2'
  []
  [fuel_surf_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec3'
  []
  [clad_inn_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec4'
  []
  [clad_out_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec5'
  []
  [clad_total_hoop_strain]
    type = LineValueSampler
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    start_point = '2.90e-3 2.55e-3 0.0'
    end_point = '2.90e-3 0.725 0.0'
    num_points = 300
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec6'
  []
  [fuel_surf_disp_x]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec7'
  []
[]

[PerformanceMetricOutputs]
  outputs = performance_metrics_file
[]

[Outputs]
  time_step_interval =  10
  color = true
  exodus = true
  perf_graph = true
  csv = true
  sync_times = '1e3 5e3 1e4 5e4 1e5 5e6 1e6 5e6 1e7 2e7 3e7 4e7 41990400 42000400'
  file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell
  [out2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_out2
    time_step_interval =  1
  []
  [console]
    type = Console
    max_rows = 25
    time_step_interval =  1
    output_linear = true
  []
  [chkfile]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_chkfile
    show = 'max_approx_FCT max_ave_FST max_ave_CIT average_burnup fis_gas_percent max_clad_hoop_creep max_fuel_elongation max_clad_elongation max_total_hoop_strain'
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [performance_metrics_file]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_performance_metrics
    show = 'simulation_alive_time number_linear_iterations number_nonlinear_iterations time_step_size total_linear_iterations total_nonlinear_iterations physical_memory_use number_dofs number_nonlinear_variables residual_compute_time jacobian_compute_time'
  []
  [vec1]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec1
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec2
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec3]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec3
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec4]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec4
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec5]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec5
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec6]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec6
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec7]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec7
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
[]

[Debug]
  show_var_residual = 'disp_x disp_y temp'
  show_var_residual_norms = true
[]

(test/tests/solid_mechanics/upuzr_eigenstrains/upuzr_vswelling/solid_only.i)

# Test of solid fission product swelling in UPuZr fuel
#
# Analytical solution is delV / V = 1.5% per 1% burnup

[GlobalParams]
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
[]

[Mesh]
  [mesh]
    type = FileMeshGenerator
    file = patch.e
  []
[]

[Variables]
  [disp_x]
  []
  [disp_y]
  []
  [disp_z]
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 1000
  []
  [solid_swell]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gas_swell]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [burnup_func]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e6'
    y = '0 0.001'
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [all]
    strain = finite
    eigenstrain_names = swelling
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [solid_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = solid_swell
    property = solid_swelling
  []
  [gas_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = gas_swell
    property = gas_swelling
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = RankTwoScalarAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = volumetric_strain
    scalar_type = VolumetricStrain
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [bottom_x]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 10
    value = 0.0
  []
  [bottom_y]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 9
    value = 0.0
  []
  [bottom_z]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_z
    boundary = 14
    value = 0.0
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = GenericFunctionMaterial
    prop_names = 'fission_rate'
    prop_values = 3.5971657e+19
    outputs = all
  []
  [burnup]
    type = GenericFunctionMaterial
    prop_names = 'burnup'
    prop_values = 'burnup_func'
    outputs = all
  []
  [elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    block = '1 2 3 4 5 6 7'
    youngs_modulus = 1.0e11
    poissons_ratio = 0.3
  []
  [fuel_stress]
    type = ComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
    block = '1 2 3 4 5 6 7'
  []
  [swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    block = '1 2 3 4 5 6 7'
    temperature = temp
    gas_swelling_scale_factor = 0
    eigenstrain_name = 'swelling'
  []
[]

[Executioner]
   type = Transient

   dt = 1e5
   num_steps = 10
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 15
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  []
  [ave_burnup]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = burnup
  []
  [solid_swell]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = solid_swell
  []
[]

[Outputs]
  exodus = true
[]

(examples/metal_fuel/uzr/pin.i)

initial_fuel_density = 15800

[GlobalParams]
  energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11  # J/fission
  temperature = temp
[]

[Mesh]
  coord_type = RZ
  [mesh]
    type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
    dim = 1
    nx = 300
    xmax = 0.002
  []
[]

[Problem]
  type = ReferenceResidualProblem
  reference_vector = 'ref'
  extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
[]

[Variables]
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 298
  []
  [X_Zr]
    scaling = 1e10
    initial_condition = 0.225
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [power_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 100000 3901600 4333600 6148000 7948800  '
    y = '0 40016 40344 42312 41984 41984  '
  []
  [temp_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 100000 3901600 4333600 6148000 7948800  '
    y = '298.0 805.5 803.8 811.1 808.5 807.4'
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  [heat]
    type = ConstitutiveHeatConduction
    variable = temp
    thermal_conductivity = 'thermal_conductivity'
    thermal_conductivity_args = 'temp X_Zr'
    thermal_conductivity_derivs = 'thermal_conductivity_dT thermal_conductivity_dZr'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_ie]
    type = ConstitutiveHeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temp
    specific_heat = 'specific_heat'
    specific_heat_args = 'temp'
    specific_heat_derivs = 'specific_heat_dT'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_source]
    type = FissionRateHeatSource
    variable = temp
    fission_rate_args = 'X_Zr'
    fission_rate_derivs = 'fission_rate_dZr'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [ZrDiffusion]
    type = ZirconiumDiffusion
    variable = X_Zr
    temperature = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [diffusion_ie]
    type = TimeDerivative
    variable = X_Zr
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [temp_rightside]
    type = FunctionDirichletBC
    variable = temp
    boundary = right
    function = temp_history
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = UPuZrFissionRate
    rod_linear_power = power_history
    axial_power_profile = 1.0
    pellet_radius = 0.002
    initial_X_Zr = 0.225
    X_Zr = X_Zr
    X_Pu_function = 0.163
  []
  [burnup]
    type = UPuZrBurnup
    initial_X_Zr = 0.225
    initial_X_Pu = 0.163
    density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  []
  [metal_fuel_thermal]
    type = UPuZrThermal
    spheat_model = savage
    thcond_model = lanl
    porosity = porosity
    X_Zr = X_Zr
    X_Pu = 0.163
  []
  [swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    burnup = 0
    hydrostatic_stress = 0
    eigenstrain_name = 'swelling'
    output_properties = 'porosity gaseous_porosity'
  []
  [fuel_density]
    type = GenericConstantMaterial
    prop_names = density
    prop_values = ${initial_fuel_density}
  []
  [phase]
    type = PhaseUPuZr
    X_Zr = X_Zr
    X_Pu = 0.163
    AB_temp = 965.15
    CD_temp = 995.15
  []
  [zr_diff]
    type = ZrDiffusivityUPuZr
    X_Zr = X_Zr
    X_Pu = 0.163
    p_alpha = 0.20
    p_delta = 0.20
    p_beta  = 0.20
    p_gamma = 0.20
    D0_scale_alpha = 15.0
    D0_scale_delta = 1.0
    D0_scale_beta = 2.0
    D0_scale_gamma = 7.0
    outputs = all
  []
[]

[Dampers]
  [bounded_zr]
    type = BoundingValueNodalDamper
    variable = X_Zr
    max_value = 0.83
    min_value = 0
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [asdf]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient

  solve_type = 'PJFNK'
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu'
  line_search = 'none'

  end_time = 3e6
  dtmin = 1e-2
  dtmax = 1e6
  nl_max_its = 30
  l_max_its = 100
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-9
  nl_rel_tol = 1e-9
  l_tol = 1e-05

  [TimeStepper]
    type = IterationAdaptiveDT
    dt = 1e3
    optimal_iterations = 8
    iteration_window = 2
    growth_factor = 2
    cutback_factor = .5
    timestep_limiting_function = power_history
    force_step_every_function_point = true
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [dt]
    type = TimestepSize
  []
  [num_lin]
    type = NumLinearIterations
  []
  [num_nonlin]
    type = NumNonlinearIterations
  []
  [ave_temp]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temp
    block = 0
  []
  [X_Zr]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = X_Zr
    block = 0
    value_type = max
  []
[]

[Outputs]
  perf_graph = true
  #exodus = true

  [csv_output]
    type = CSV
    precision = 8
    file_base = pin_out
    hide = 'dt num_lin num_nonlin'
    execute_on = final
  []
[]

(test/tests/solid_mechanics/upuzr_eigenstrains/upuzr_vswelling/fission_gas.i)

# @Requirement F4.40
#This tests the fission gas release model for UPuZr metal fuel. The amount of gas
# produced is taken from an equation found in the following reference:
#Barnes R. S., A Theory of Swelling and Gas Release for Reactor Materials, Journal
# of Nuclear Materials, 11 (1964) 135 148.
#
# The amount of gas produced is equal to the fraction yield of fission gas atoms
# per fission divided by Avogadro's number multplied by the fission density
#fission_gas_produced in a given time increment =
# (_fracional_yield/Avogadro)*0.5*_dt*(fission_rate + fission_rate_old)
#
# The fission gas that is released is based on an empirical model found in the
# above reference, which states that once the gaseous swelling reaches a value of
# 0.33 (corresponding to a porosity of 0.24812), 80% of the fission gas so far
# produced is immediately released. After that, 100% of the gas produced is released.
# For information regarding swelling and porosity, see the above reference or the
# following reference:
# Karahan A., Modeling of Thermo Mechanical and Irradiation Behavior of Metallic
# and Oxide Fuels for Sodium Fast Reactors, Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2009.

[GlobalParams]
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
[]

[Mesh]
  [mesh]
    type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
    dim = 3
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [all]
    add_variables = true
    strain = FINITE
    eigenstrain_names = 'swelling'
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz hydrostatic_stress'
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  [temp]
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gas_swell]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [fission_rate_func]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 7e7'
    y = '0 2.5e19'
  []
  [pressure_func]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 7e7'
    y = '0 1e6'
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [temp]
    type = ConstantAux
    variable = temp
    value = 1700
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = RankTwoScalarAux
    variable = volumetric_strain
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    scalar_type = VolumetricStrain
  []
  [gas_swell_aux]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = gas_swell
    property = gas_swelling
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [no_x]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = left
    value = 0
  []
  [no_y]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = bottom
    value = 0
  []
  [no_z]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_z
    boundary = back
    value = 0
  []
  [Pressure]
    [Side]
      boundary = 'right top front'
      function = pressure_func
    []
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = GenericFunctionMaterial
    prop_names = 'fission_rate'
    prop_values = 'fission_rate_func'
    outputs = all
  []
  [burnup]
    type = GenericFunctionMaterial
    prop_names = 'burnup'
    prop_values = 0.0
    outputs = all
  []
  [elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 2.0e11
    poissons_ratio = 0.3
  []
  [fuel_stress]
    type = ComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
  []
  [swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    temperature = temp
    hydrostatic_stress = hydrostatic_stress
    eigenstrain_name = 'swelling'
    solid_swelling_scale_factor = 0
    initial_porosity = 0.1
    outputs = all
    output_properties = 'porosity gaseous_porosity'
  []
  [fission_gas_behavior]
    type = UPuZrFissionGasRelease
    outputs = all
    output_properties = 'fis_gas_prod fis_gas_rel'
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  petsc_options = '-snes_ksp_ew'
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu superlu_dist'
  l_max_its = 60
  nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-4
  l_tol = 1e-5
  num_steps = 70
  dt = 1e6
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [gas_produced]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fis_gas_prod
  []
  [gas_released]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fis_gas_rel
  []
  [hydrostatic_stress]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
  []
  [porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = porosity
  []
  [gaseous_porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gaseous_porosity
  []
  [gas_swell]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gas_swell
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = volumetric_strain
  []
[]

[Outputs]
  exodus = true
[]

(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_G/x441_leg_G.i)

initial_fuel_density = 15800.0

[GlobalParams]
  density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  order = SECOND
  family = LAGRANGE
  energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11  # J/fission
  volumetric_locking_correction = false
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Problem]
  type = ReferenceResidualProblem
  reference_vector = 'ref'
  extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
  group_variables = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Mesh]
  coord_type = RZ
  # Nominal Design Geometric Parameters (X441)
  [smeared_pellet_mesh]
    type = FuelPinMeshGenerator
    clad_thickness = ${clad_thickness}
    pellet_outer_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    pellet_height = ${pellet_height}
    clad_top_gap_height = ${clad_top_gap_height}
    clad_gap_width = ${clad_gap_width}
    bottom_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    top_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    clad_bot_gap_height = 0.2e-3 # arbitrary
    # meshing parameters
    clad_mesh_density = customize
    pellet_mesh_density = customize
    nx_p = 6
    ny_p = 260
    nx_c = 4
    ny_c = 260
    ny_cu = ${ny_cu}
    ny_cl = ${ny_cl}
    pellet_quantity = 1
    elem_type = QUAD8
  []
  # mesh options
  patch_size = 30
  patch_update_strategy = auto
  partitioner = centroid
  centroid_partitioner_direction = y
[]

[Variables]
  [disp_x]
  []
  [disp_y]
  []
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 298
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  # Aux variables for output
  [porosity]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gap_cond]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [coolant_htc]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [cumulative_damage_index]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [element_failed]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [solid_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gas_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [power_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '0 44722 44722    0'
  []
  [coolant_press_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 42000400'
    y = '0.151e6 0.151e6'
  []
  [coolant_temp_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '298.0  648.0  648.0  350.0'
  []
  [axial_peaking_factors]
    type = PowerPeakingFunction
    fit = EBRII_ROW_4
    pellet_length = ${pellet_height}
    pellet_y_start = ${pellet_y_start}
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [fuel]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = pellet
    eigenstrain_names = 'fuel_thermal_strain fuel_volumetric_swelling'
  []
  [clad]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = clad
    eigenstrain_names = 'clad_thermal_eigenstrain'
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  # Define kernels for the various terms in the PDE system
  [gravity]
    type = Gravity
    variable = disp_y
    value = -9.81
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat]
    type = HeatConduction
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_ie]
    type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_source]
    type = NeutronHeatSource
    variable = temp
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [porosity]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = porosity
    property = porosity
    block = pellet
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [conductance]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = gap_conductance
    variable = gap_cond
    boundary = 10
  []
  [cdf_amount]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = cdf_failure
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [failed_element]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = failed
    variable = element_failed
  []
  [gas_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = gas_swell
    property = gas_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [solid_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = solid_swell
    property = solid_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = RankTwoScalarAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = volumetric_strain
    scalar_type = VolumetricStrain
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = pellet
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = stress
    variable = hoop_stress
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = creep_strain
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = elastic_strain
    variable = hoop_elastic_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
[]

[Contact]
  [pellet_clad_mechanical]
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    penalty = 1e12
    model = frictionless
    formulation = kinematic
    normalize_penalty = true
    tangential_tolerance = 1e-3
    normal_smoothing_distance = 0.1
  []
[]

[ThermalContact]
  [thermal_contact]
    type = GapHeatTransfer
    variable = temp
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    quadrature = true
    gap_conductivity = 61.0
    min_gap = ${clad_gap_width}
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [no_x_all]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 12
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_fuel]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 20
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_clad]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 1
    value = 0.0
  []
  [Pressure]
    [coolantPressure]
      boundary = '1 2 3'
      function = coolant_press_ramp
    []
  []
  [PlenumPressure]
    [plenumPressure]
      boundary = 9
      initial_pressure = 0.084e6 # Pa
      startup_time = 0
      R = 8.3143
      temperature = ave_temp_interior
      volume = gas_volume
      output = plenum_pressure
      material_input = fis_gas_released
    []
  []
[]

[CoolantChannel]
  [convective_clad_surface]
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    variable = temp
    inlet_temperature   = coolant_temp_ramp
    inlet_pressure      = coolant_press_ramp
    inlet_massflux      = 5261.5   # kg/m^2-sec
    coolant_material    = sodium
    rod_diameter        = 5.84e-3 # m
    rod_pitch           = 7.48e-3 # m (Pitch-to-diameter Ratio = 1.28)
    linear_heat_rate    = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    subchannel_geometry = triangular
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = UPuZrFissionRate
    rod_linear_power = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    pellet_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu_function = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [burnup]
    type = UPuZrBurnup
    initial_X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    initial_X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    density = ${initial_fuel_density}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [fuel_elasticity_tensor]
    type = UPuZrElasticityTensor
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_inelastic_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'fuel_upuzrcreep'
    block = pellet
  []
  [fuel_upuzrcreep]
    type = UPuZrCreepUpdate
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
    porosity = porosity
    max_inelastic_increment = 1e-3
  []
  [fuel_thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.18e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_thermal_strain
  []
  [fuel_volumetric_swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
#    hydrostatic_stress = hydrostatic_stress
    hydrostatic_stress = 1e6
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_volumetric_swelling
  []
  [metal_fuel_thermal]
    type = UPuZrThermal
    block = pellet
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    spheat_model = savage
    thcond_model = lanl
    porosity = porosity
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = pellet
    strain_free_density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  []
  [fission_gas_behavior]
    type = UPuZrFissionGasRelease
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
  []
  [clad_elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 1.88e11
    poissons_ratio = 0.236
    block = clad
  []
  [clad_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'clad_ht9creep'
    block = clad
  []
  [fast_flux]
    type = FastNeutronFlux
    block = clad
    factor = 2.47e19
  []
  [clad_ht9creep]
    type = HT9CreepUpdate
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = clad
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.2e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = clad_thermal_eigenstrain
  []
  [clad_thermal]
    type = HT9Thermal
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [clad_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = clad
    strain_free_density = 7874.0
  []
  [longHT9_failure]
    type = HT9FailureClad
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    method = cdf_long
    temperature = temp
    hoop_stress = stress_zz # Since 2D-RZ
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [SMP]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'PJFNK'
  petsc_options = '-snes_ksp_ew'
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package -ksp_gmres_restart'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu       superlu_dist                  51'
  line_search = 'none'

  l_max_its = 60
  l_tol = 8e-3
  nl_max_its = 40
  nl_rel_tol = 5e-4
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-7

  end_time = 42000400
  dtmin = 100
  dtmax = 5e5

  [Quadrature]
    order = fifth
    side_order = seventh
  []
  [TimeStepper]
    type = IterationAdaptiveDT
    timestep_limiting_postprocessor = creep_timestep
    dt = 1e2
    time_t = '0   1e5   41990400 42000400'
    time_dt = '1e2 1e2    1e2    1e2'
    iteration_window = 4
    optimal_iterations = 10
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [ave_temp_interior]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 9
    variable = temp
    execute_on = 'initial linear'
  []
  [approx_FCT]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    boundary = 12
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_approx_FCT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = approx_FCT
  []
  [ave_FST]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 10
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_FST]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_FST
  []
  [ave_CIT]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 5
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_CIT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_CIT
  []
  [avg_clad_temp]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temp
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_clad_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_fuel_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [max_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [min_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = min
    block = pellet
  []
  [peak_porosity]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = porosity
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [clad_inner_vol]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 7
  []
  [pellet_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 8
  []
  [gas_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 9
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    addition = ${gas_addition}
  []
  [clad_fuel_gap]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = penetration
    boundary = 10
  []
  [max_cont_press]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = contact_pressure
    boundary = 10
  []
  [flux_from_clad]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [flux_from_fuel]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [rod_total_power]
    type = ElementIntegralPower
    variable = temp
    use_material_fission_rate = true
    fission_rate_material = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [LHGR_W_per_cm]
    type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
    function = power_history
    scale_factor = 0.01
  []
  [average_burnup]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    block = pellet
    variable = burnup
  []
  [max_cdf]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [fis_gas_produced]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_prod
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_released]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_rel
    block = pellet
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  []
  [creep_timestep]
    type = MaterialTimeStepPostprocessor
    block = pellet
  []
  [hydrostatic_stress]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    block = pellet
  []
  [solid_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = solid_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [gas_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gas_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = volumetric_strain
    block = pellet
  []
  [fission_rate]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = porosity
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_percent]
    type = FGRPercent
    fission_gas_released = fis_gas_released
    fission_gas_generated = fis_gas_produced
  []
  [max_clad_hoop_creep]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
  []
  [max_total_hoop_strain]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = total_hoop_strain
  []
  [max_fuel_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'all_pellet_exterior'
  []
  [max_clad_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'clad_outside_top clad_outside_right'
  []
[]

[VectorPostprocessors]
  [clad_x_disp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec1'
  []
  [fuel_cl_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 12
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec2'
  []
  [fuel_surf_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec3'
  []
  [clad_inn_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec4'
  []
  [clad_out_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec5'
  []
  [clad_total_hoop_strain]
    type = LineValueSampler
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    start_point = '2.90e-3 2.55e-3 0.0'
    end_point = '2.90e-3 0.725 0.0'
    num_points = 300
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec6'
  []
  [fuel_surf_disp_x]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec7'
  []
[]

[PerformanceMetricOutputs]
  outputs = performance_metrics_file
[]

[Outputs]
  time_step_interval =  10
  color = true
  exodus = true
  perf_graph = true
  csv = true
  sync_times = '1e3 5e3 1e4 5e4 1e5 5e6 1e6 5e6 1e7 2e7 3e7 4e7 41990400 42000400'
  file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell
  [out2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_out2
    time_step_interval =  1
  []
  [console]
    type = Console
    max_rows = 25
    time_step_interval =  1
    output_linear = true
  []
  [chkfile]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_chkfile
    show = 'max_approx_FCT max_ave_FST max_ave_CIT average_burnup fis_gas_percent max_clad_hoop_creep max_fuel_elongation max_clad_elongation max_total_hoop_strain'
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [performance_metrics_file]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_performance_metrics
    show = 'simulation_alive_time number_linear_iterations number_nonlinear_iterations time_step_size total_linear_iterations total_nonlinear_iterations physical_memory_use number_dofs number_nonlinear_variables residual_compute_time jacobian_compute_time'
  []
  [vec1]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec1
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec2
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec3]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec3
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec4]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec4
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec5]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec5
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec6]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec6
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec7]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec7
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
[]

[Debug]
  show_var_residual = 'disp_x disp_y temp'
  show_var_residual_norms = true
[]

(examples/non-cylindrical_fuel/2D/non-cyl_base_irrad.i)


initial_fuel_density = 9720.0

[GlobalParams]
  energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Problem]
  type = ReferenceResidualProblem
  reference_vector = 'ref'
  extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
[]

[Mesh]
  [mesh]
    type = FileMeshGenerator
    file = non-cyl_mesh_2d.e
  []
[]

[Variables]
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 295.0
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  [fast_neutron_flux]
    block = 'cladding displacer'
  []
  [fast_neutron_fluence]
    block = 'cladding displacer'
  []
  [oxide_thickness]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [power_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5'
    y = '0 29000'
  []
  [fission_rate_scale_factor]
    type = ParsedFunction
    expression = 1407962081891580.0
    # 1/cross_sectional_area_of_fuel/energy_per_fission =
    # 1407962081891580.0  []
  []
  [fission_history]
    type = CompositeFunction
    functions = 'power_history fission_rate_scale_factor'
  []
  [pressure_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '-200 0'
    y = '0 1'
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [fuel]
    block = fuel
    add_variables = true
    eigenstrain_names = 'fuel_thermal_strain fuel_volumetric_strain'
    generate_output = 'vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    incremental = true
  []
  [displacer]
    block = displacer
    add_variables = true
    eigenstrain_names = 'zirc_thermal_strain'
    generate_output = 'vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    incremental = true
  []
  [cladding]
    block = cladding
    add_variables = true
    eigenstrain_names = 'zirc_thermal_strain'
    generate_output = 'vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    incremental = true
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  [heat]
    type = HeatConduction
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_ie]
    type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_source]
    type = FissionRateHeatSource
    variable = temp
    fission_rate = 'fission_rate'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = fuel
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [fast_neutron_flux]
    type = FastNeutronFluxAux
    variable = fast_neutron_flux
    block = 'cladding displacer'
    factor = 3e13
    rod_ave_lin_pow = power_history
    axial_power_profile = 1
    execute_on = timestep_begin
  []
  [fast_neutron_fluence]
    type = FastNeutronFluenceAux
    variable = fast_neutron_fluence
    block = 'cladding displacer'
    fast_neutron_flux = fast_neutron_flux
    execute_on = timestep_begin
  []
  [oxide_thickness]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    boundary = 'side'
    variable = oxide_thickness
    property = oxide_scale_thickness
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [center_x]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    value = 0
    boundary = center
  []
  [center_y]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    value = 0
    boundary = center
  []
  [right_y]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    value = 0
    boundary = right
  []
  [Pressure]
    [coolantPressure]
      boundary = 'side'
      factor = 15.5e6
      function = pressure_ramp
    []
  []
[]

[CoolantChannel]
  [convective_clad_surface] # apply convective boundary to clad outer surface
    boundary = 'side'
    variable = temp
    inlet_temperature = 580 # K
    inlet_pressure = 15.5e6 # Pa
    inlet_massflux = 3800 # kg/m^2-sec
    rod_diameter = 0.6599e-2 # m (sqrt(area*4/pi))
    rod_pitch = 1.26e-2 # m
    linear_heat_rate = power_history
    axial_power_profile = 1.0
    oxide_thickness = oxide_thickness
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = GenericFunctionMaterial
    prop_names = 'fission_rate'
    prop_values = fission_history
    block = fuel
  []
  [burnup]
    type = UPuZrBurnup
    initial_X_Zr = 0.72
    initial_X_Pu = 0.0
    density = ${initial_fuel_density}
    block = fuel
  []
  [fuel_thermal]
    type = UPuZrThermal
    block = fuel
    X_Zr = 0.72
    X_Pu = 0
    spheat_model = savage
    thcond_model = lanl
    porosity = porosity
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = fuel
    strain_free_density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  []
  [zirc_thermal]
    type = HeatConductionMaterial
    block = 'cladding displacer'
    thermal_conductivity = 16.0
    specific_heat = 330.0
  []
  [zirc_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = 'cladding displacer'
    strain_free_density = 6551.0
  []
  [zirc_elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 7.5e10
    poissons_ratio = 0.3
    block = 'cladding displacer'
  []
  [zirc_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = elastic
    inelastic_models = 'zirc_zrycreep'
    block = 'cladding displacer'
  []
  [zirc_zrycreep]
    type = ZryCreepLimbackHoppeUpdate
    block = 'cladding displacer'
    temperature = temp
    fast_neutron_flux = fast_neutron_flux
    fast_neutron_fluence = fast_neutron_fluence
    model_irradiation_creep = true
    model_primary_creep = true
    model_thermal_creep = true
  []
  [zirc_thermal_expansion]
    type = ZryThermalExpansionMATPROEigenstrain
    block = 'cladding displacer'
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = zirc_thermal_strain
  []
  [fuel_elasticity_tensor]
    type = UPuZrElasticityTensor
    X_Zr = 0.72
    X_Pu = 0.0
    temperature = temp
    block = fuel
  []
  [fuel_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = elastic
    inelastic_models = fuel_creep
    block = fuel
  []
  [fuel_creep]
    type = UPuZrCreepUpdate
    block = fuel
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    temperature = temp
    burnup = burnup
    fission_rate = fission_rate
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_volumetric_strain
    block = fuel
  []
  [fuel_thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = fuel
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.18e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_thermal_strain
  []
  [ZryOxidation]
    type = ZryOxidation
    boundary = 'side'
    clad_inner_radius = 0.00418
    clad_outer_radius = 0.00474
    normal_operating_temperature_model = epri_kwu_ce
    high_temperature_model = leistikow
    use_coolant_channel = true
    temperature = temp
    fast_neutron_flux = fast_neutron_flux
    outputs = all
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = PJFNK
  petsc_options = -snes_ksp_ew
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu       superlu_dist'
  line_search = none
  start_time = -200
  n_startup_steps = 1
  end_time = 8e7
  num_steps = 5000
  dtmax = 1e6
  dtmin = 1.0
  nl_rel_tol = 1e-4
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-8
  l_max_its = 50
  l_tol = 8e-3
  nl_max_its = 30
  [TimeStepper]
    type = IterationAdaptiveDT
    dt = 2e2
    optimal_iterations = 15
    iteration_window = 3
    linear_iteration_ratio = 100
    growth_factor = 2
    cutback_factor = .5
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [_dt]
    type = TimestepSize
  []
  [rod_total_power]
    type = ElementIntegralPower
    variable = temp
    use_material_fission_rate = true
    fission_rate_material = fission_rate
    block = fuel
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [rod_input_power]
    type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
    function = power_history
    scale_factor = 1 # rod height
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [max_temp]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [peak_oxide_thickness]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = oxide_thickness
    block = 'cladding'
    value_type = 'max'
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  []
[]

[Outputs]
  exodus = true
  perf_graph = true
  csv = true
  [console]
    type = Console
    max_rows = 15
  []
  [chkfile]
    type = CSV
    show = 'peak_oxide_thickness'
    execute_on = final
  []
[]

(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_H/x441_leg_H.i)

initial_fuel_density = 15800.0

[GlobalParams]
  density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  order = SECOND
  family = LAGRANGE
  energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11  # J/fission
  volumetric_locking_correction = false
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Problem]
  type = ReferenceResidualProblem
  reference_vector = 'ref'
  extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
  group_variables = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Mesh]
  coord_type = RZ
  # Nominal Design Geometric Parameters (X441)
  [smeared_pellet_mesh]
    type = FuelPinMeshGenerator
    clad_thickness = ${clad_thickness}
    pellet_outer_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    pellet_height = ${pellet_height}
    clad_top_gap_height = ${clad_top_gap_height}
    clad_gap_width = ${clad_gap_width}
    bottom_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    top_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    clad_bot_gap_height = 0.2e-3 # arbitrary
    # meshing parameters
    clad_mesh_density = customize
    pellet_mesh_density = customize
    nx_p = 6
    ny_p = 260
    nx_c = 4
    ny_c = 260
    ny_cu = ${ny_cu}
    ny_cl = ${ny_cl}
    pellet_quantity = 1
    elem_type = QUAD8
  []
  # mesh options
  patch_size = 30
  patch_update_strategy = auto
  partitioner = centroid
  centroid_partitioner_direction = y
[]

[Variables]
  [disp_x]
  []
  [disp_y]
  []
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 298
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  # Aux variables for output
  [porosity]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gap_cond]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [coolant_htc]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [cumulative_damage_index]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [element_failed]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [solid_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gas_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [power_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '0 44722 44722    0'
  []
  [coolant_press_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 42000400'
    y = '0.151e6 0.151e6'
  []
  [coolant_temp_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '298.0  648.0  648.0  350.0'
  []
  [axial_peaking_factors]
    type = PowerPeakingFunction
    fit = EBRII_ROW_4
    pellet_length = ${pellet_height}
    pellet_y_start = ${pellet_y_start}
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [fuel]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = pellet
    eigenstrain_names = 'fuel_thermal_strain fuel_volumetric_swelling'
  []
  [clad]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = clad
    eigenstrain_names = 'clad_thermal_eigenstrain'
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  # Define kernels for the various terms in the PDE system
  [gravity]
    type = Gravity
    variable = disp_y
    value = -9.81
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat]
    type = HeatConduction
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_ie]
    type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_source]
    type = NeutronHeatSource
    variable = temp
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [porosity]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = porosity
    property = porosity
    block = pellet
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [conductance]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = gap_conductance
    variable = gap_cond
    boundary = 10
  []
  [cdf_amount]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = cdf_failure
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [failed_element]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = failed
    variable = element_failed
  []
  [gas_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = gas_swell
    property = gas_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [solid_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = solid_swell
    property = solid_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = RankTwoScalarAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = volumetric_strain
    scalar_type = VolumetricStrain
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = pellet
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = stress
    variable = hoop_stress
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = creep_strain
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = elastic_strain
    variable = hoop_elastic_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
[]

[Contact]
  [pellet_clad_mechanical]
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    penalty = 1e12
    model = frictionless
    formulation = kinematic
    normalize_penalty = true
    tangential_tolerance = 1e-3
    normal_smoothing_distance = 0.1
  []
[]

[ThermalContact]
  [thermal_contact]
    type = GapHeatTransfer
    variable = temp
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    quadrature = true
    gap_conductivity = 61.0
    min_gap = ${clad_gap_width}
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [no_x_all]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 12
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_fuel]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 20
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_clad]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 1
    value = 0.0
  []
  [Pressure]
    [coolantPressure]
      boundary = '1 2 3'
      function = coolant_press_ramp
    []
  []
  [PlenumPressure]
    [plenumPressure]
      boundary = 9
      initial_pressure = 0.084e6 # Pa
      startup_time = 0
      R = 8.3143
      temperature = ave_temp_interior
      volume = gas_volume
      output = plenum_pressure
      material_input = fis_gas_released
    []
  []
[]

[CoolantChannel]
  [convective_clad_surface]
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    variable = temp
    inlet_temperature   = coolant_temp_ramp
    inlet_pressure      = coolant_press_ramp
    inlet_massflux      = 5261.5   # kg/m^2-sec
    coolant_material    = sodium
    rod_diameter        = 5.84e-3 # m
    rod_pitch           = 7.48e-3 # m (Pitch-to-diameter Ratio = 1.28)
    linear_heat_rate    = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    subchannel_geometry = triangular
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = UPuZrFissionRate
    rod_linear_power = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    pellet_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu_function = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [burnup]
    type = UPuZrBurnup
    initial_X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    initial_X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    density = ${initial_fuel_density}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [fuel_elasticity_tensor]
    type = UPuZrElasticityTensor
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_inelastic_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'fuel_upuzrcreep'
    block = pellet
  []
  [fuel_upuzrcreep]
    type = UPuZrCreepUpdate
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
    porosity = porosity
    max_inelastic_increment = 1e-3
  []
  [fuel_thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.18e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_thermal_strain
  []
  [fuel_volumetric_swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
#    hydrostatic_stress = hydrostatic_stress
    hydrostatic_stress = 1e6
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_volumetric_swelling
  []
  [metal_fuel_thermal]
    type = UPuZrThermal
    block = pellet
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    spheat_model = savage
    thcond_model = lanl
    porosity = porosity
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = pellet
    strain_free_density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  []
  [fission_gas_behavior]
    type = UPuZrFissionGasRelease
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
  []
  [clad_elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 1.88e11
    poissons_ratio = 0.236
    block = clad
  []
  [clad_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'clad_ht9creep'
    block = clad
  []
  [fast_flux]
    type = FastNeutronFlux
    block = clad
    factor = 2.47e19
  []
  [clad_ht9creep]
    type = HT9CreepUpdate
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = clad
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.2e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = clad_thermal_eigenstrain
  []
  [clad_thermal]
    type = HT9Thermal
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [clad_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = clad
    strain_free_density = 7874.0
  []
  [longHT9_failure]
    type = HT9FailureClad
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    method = cdf_long
    temperature = temp
    hoop_stress = stress_zz # Since 2D-RZ
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [SMP]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'PJFNK'
  petsc_options = '-snes_ksp_ew'
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package -ksp_gmres_restart'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu       superlu_dist                  51'
  line_search = 'none'

  l_max_its = 60
  l_tol = 8e-3
  nl_max_its = 40
  nl_rel_tol = 5e-4
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-7

  end_time = 42000400
  dtmin = 100
  dtmax = 5e5

  [Quadrature]
    order = fifth
    side_order = seventh
  []
  [TimeStepper]
    type = IterationAdaptiveDT
    timestep_limiting_postprocessor = creep_timestep
    dt = 1e2
    time_t = '0   1e5   41990400 42000400'
    time_dt = '1e2 1e2    1e2    1e2'
    iteration_window = 4
    optimal_iterations = 10
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [ave_temp_interior]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 9
    variable = temp
    execute_on = 'initial linear'
  []
  [approx_FCT]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    boundary = 12
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_approx_FCT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = approx_FCT
  []
  [ave_FST]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 10
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_FST]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_FST
  []
  [ave_CIT]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 5
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_CIT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_CIT
  []
  [avg_clad_temp]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temp
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_clad_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_fuel_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [max_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [min_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = min
    block = pellet
  []
  [peak_porosity]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = porosity
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [clad_inner_vol]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 7
  []
  [pellet_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 8
  []
  [gas_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 9
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    addition = ${gas_addition}
  []
  [clad_fuel_gap]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = penetration
    boundary = 10
  []
  [max_cont_press]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = contact_pressure
    boundary = 10
  []
  [flux_from_clad]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [flux_from_fuel]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [rod_total_power]
    type = ElementIntegralPower
    variable = temp
    use_material_fission_rate = true
    fission_rate_material = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [LHGR_W_per_cm]
    type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
    function = power_history
    scale_factor = 0.01
  []
  [average_burnup]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    block = pellet
    variable = burnup
  []
  [max_cdf]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [fis_gas_produced]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_prod
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_released]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_rel
    block = pellet
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  []
  [creep_timestep]
    type = MaterialTimeStepPostprocessor
    block = pellet
  []
  [hydrostatic_stress]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    block = pellet
  []
  [solid_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = solid_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [gas_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gas_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = volumetric_strain
    block = pellet
  []
  [fission_rate]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = porosity
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_percent]
    type = FGRPercent
    fission_gas_released = fis_gas_released
    fission_gas_generated = fis_gas_produced
  []
  [max_clad_hoop_creep]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
  []
  [max_total_hoop_strain]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = total_hoop_strain
  []
  [max_fuel_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'all_pellet_exterior'
  []
  [max_clad_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'clad_outside_top clad_outside_right'
  []
[]

[VectorPostprocessors]
  [clad_x_disp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec1'
  []
  [fuel_cl_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 12
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec2'
  []
  [fuel_surf_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec3'
  []
  [clad_inn_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec4'
  []
  [clad_out_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec5'
  []
  [clad_total_hoop_strain]
    type = LineValueSampler
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    start_point = '2.90e-3 2.55e-3 0.0'
    end_point = '2.90e-3 0.725 0.0'
    num_points = 300
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec6'
  []
  [fuel_surf_disp_x]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec7'
  []
[]

[PerformanceMetricOutputs]
  outputs = performance_metrics_file
[]

[Outputs]
  time_step_interval =  10
  color = true
  exodus = true
  perf_graph = true
  csv = true
  sync_times = '1e3 5e3 1e4 5e4 1e5 5e6 1e6 5e6 1e7 2e7 3e7 4e7 41990400 42000400'
  file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell
  [out2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_out2
    time_step_interval =  1
  []
  [console]
    type = Console
    max_rows = 25
    time_step_interval =  1
    output_linear = true
  []
  [chkfile]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_chkfile
    show = 'max_approx_FCT max_ave_FST max_ave_CIT average_burnup fis_gas_percent max_clad_hoop_creep max_fuel_elongation max_clad_elongation max_total_hoop_strain'
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [performance_metrics_file]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_performance_metrics
    show = 'simulation_alive_time number_linear_iterations number_nonlinear_iterations time_step_size total_linear_iterations total_nonlinear_iterations physical_memory_use number_dofs number_nonlinear_variables residual_compute_time jacobian_compute_time'
  []
  [vec1]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec1
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec2
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec3]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec3
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec4]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec4
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec5]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec5
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec6]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec6
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec7]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec7
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
[]

[Debug]
  show_var_residual = 'disp_x disp_y temp'
  show_var_residual_norms = true
[]

(examples/non-cylindrical_fuel/3D/non-cyl_incl_creep.i)


initial_fuel_density = 9720.0

[GlobalParams]
  energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
[]

[Problem]
  type = ReferenceResidualProblem
  reference_vector = 'ref'
  extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
[]

[Mesh]
  [mesh]
    type = FileMeshGenerator
    file = non-cyl_mesh.e
  []
[]

[Variables]
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 295.0
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  [fast_neutron_flux]
    block = 'cladding displacer'
  []
  [fast_neutron_fluence]
    block = 'cladding displacer'
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [power_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5'
    y = '0 29000'
  []
  [fission_rate_scale_factor]
    type = ParsedFunction
    expression = 1407962081891580.0
    # 1/cross_sectional_area_of_fuel/energy_per_fission =
    # 1407962081891580.0  []
  []
  [fission_history]
    type = CompositeFunction
    functions = 'power_history fission_rate_scale_factor'
  []
  [pressure_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '-200 0'
    y = '0 1'
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [fuel]
    block = fuel
    add_variables = true
    eigenstrain_names = 'fuel_thermal_strain fuel_volumetric_strain'
    generate_output = 'vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    incremental = true
  []
  [displacer]
    block = displacer
    add_variables = true
    eigenstrain_names = 'zirc_thermal_strain'
    generate_output = 'vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    incremental = true
  []
  [cladding]
    block = cladding
    add_variables = true
    eigenstrain_names = 'zirc_thermal_strain'
    generate_output = 'vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    incremental = true
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  [heat]
    type = HeatConduction
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_ie]
    type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_source]
    type = FissionRateHeatSource
    variable = temp
    fission_rate = 'fission_rate'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = fuel
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [fast_neutron_flux]
    type = FastNeutronFluxAux
    variable = fast_neutron_flux
    block = 'cladding displacer'
    factor = 3e13
    rod_ave_lin_pow = power_history
    axial_power_profile = 1
    execute_on = timestep_begin
  []
  [fast_neutron_fluence]
    type = FastNeutronFluenceAux
    variable = fast_neutron_fluence
    block = 'cladding displacer'
    fast_neutron_flux = fast_neutron_flux
    execute_on = timestep_begin
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [no_z]
    type = DirichletBC
    boundary = bottom
    value = 0.0
    variable = disp_z
  []
  [no_x]
    type = DirichletBC
    boundary = 'xzero center'
    value = 0.0
    variable = disp_x
  []
  [no_y]
    type = DirichletBC
    boundary = 'yzero center'
    value = 0.0
    variable = disp_y
  []
  [Pressure]
    [coolantPressure]
      boundary = side
      factor = 15.5e6
      function = pressure_ramp
    []
  []
[]

[Constraints]
  [disp_z]
    type = EqualValueBoundaryConstraint
    variable = disp_z
    secondary = top
    penalty = 1e5
  []
[]

[CoolantChannel]
  [convective_clad_surface] # apply convective boundary to clad outer surface
    boundary = side
    variable = temp
    inlet_temperature = 580 # K
    inlet_pressure = 15.5e6 # Pa
    inlet_massflux = 3800 # kg/m^2-sec
    rod_diameter = 0.6599e-2 # m (sqrt(area*4/pi))
    rod_pitch = 1.26e-2 # m
    linear_heat_rate = power_history
    axial_power_profile = 1.0
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = GenericFunctionMaterial
    prop_names = 'fission_rate'
    prop_values = fission_history
    block = fuel
  []
  [burnup]
    type = UPuZrBurnup
    initial_X_Zr = 0.72
    initial_X_Pu = 0.0
    density = ${initial_fuel_density}
    block = fuel
  []
  [fuel_thermal]
    type = UPuZrThermal
    block = fuel
    X_Zr = 0.72
    X_Pu = 0
    spheat_model = savage
    thcond_model = lanl
    temperature = temp
    porosity = porosity
  []
  [fuel_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = fuel
    strain_free_density = 9720.0
  []
  [zirc_thermal]
    type = HeatConductionMaterial
    block = 'cladding displacer'
    thermal_conductivity = 16.0
    specific_heat = 330.0
  []
  [zirc_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = 'cladding displacer'
    strain_free_density = 6551.0
  []
  [zirc_elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 7.5e10
    poissons_ratio = 0.3
    block = 'cladding displacer'
  []
  [zirc_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = elastic
    inelastic_models = 'zirc_zrycreep'
    block = 'cladding displacer'
  []
  [zirc_zrycreep]
    type = ZryCreepLimbackHoppeUpdate
    block = 'cladding displacer'
    temperature = temp
    fast_neutron_flux = fast_neutron_flux
    fast_neutron_fluence = fast_neutron_fluence
    model_irradiation_creep = true
    model_primary_creep = true
    model_thermal_creep = true
  []
  [zirc_thermal_expansion]
    type = ZryThermalExpansionMATPROEigenstrain
    block = 'cladding displacer'
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = zirc_thermal_strain
  []
  [fuel_elasticity_tensor]
    type = UPuZrElasticityTensor
    X_Zr = 0.72
    X_Pu = 0.0
    temperature = temp
    block = fuel
  []
  [fuel_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = elastic
    inelastic_models = fuel_creep
    block = fuel
  []
  [fuel_creep]
    type = UPuZrCreepUpdate
    block = fuel
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    temperature = temp
    burnup = burnup
    fission_rate = fission_rate
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_volumetric_strain
    block = fuel
  []
  [fuel_thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = fuel
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.18e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_thermal_strain
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = PJFNK
  petsc_options = -snes_ksp_ew
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu       superlu_dist'
  line_search = none
  start_time = -200
  end_time = 8e7
  num_steps = 5000
  dtmax = 1e6
  dtmin = 1.0
  nl_rel_tol = 1e-4
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-8
  l_max_its = 50
  l_tol = 8e-3
  nl_max_its = 30
  [TimeStepper]
    type = IterationAdaptiveDT
    dt = 2e2
    optimal_iterations = 15
    iteration_window = 3
    linear_iteration_ratio = 100
    growth_factor = 2
    cutback_factor = .5
  []
[]
[Postprocessors]
  [_dt]
    type = TimestepSize
  []
  [rod_total_power]
    type = ElementIntegralPower
    variable = temp
    use_material_fission_rate = true
    fission_rate_material = fission_rate
    block = fuel
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [rod_input_power]
    type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
    function = power_history
    scale_factor = 0.875 # rod height
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [max_temp]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
[]

[Outputs]
  exodus = true
  perf_graph = true
  csv = true
  [console]
    type = Console
    max_rows = 15
  []
  [chkfile]
    type = CSV
    show = 'max_temp'
    execute_on = final
  []
[]

(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_A/x441_leg_A.i)

initial_fuel_density = 15800.0

[GlobalParams]
  density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  order = SECOND
  family = LAGRANGE
  energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11  # J/fission
  volumetric_locking_correction = false
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Problem]
  type = ReferenceResidualProblem
  reference_vector = 'ref'
  extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
  group_variables = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Mesh]
  coord_type = RZ
  # Nominal Design Geometric Parameters (X441)
  [smeared_pellet_mesh]
    type = FuelPinMeshGenerator
    clad_thickness = ${clad_thickness}
    pellet_outer_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    pellet_height = ${pellet_height}
    clad_top_gap_height = ${clad_top_gap_height}
    clad_gap_width = ${clad_gap_width}
    bottom_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    top_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    clad_bot_gap_height = 0.2e-3 # arbitrary
    # meshing parameters
    clad_mesh_density = customize
    pellet_mesh_density = customize
    nx_p = 6
    ny_p = 260
    nx_c = 4
    ny_c = 260
    ny_cu = ${ny_cu}
    ny_cl = ${ny_cl}
    pellet_quantity = 1
    elem_type = QUAD8
  []
  # mesh options
  patch_size = 30
  patch_update_strategy = auto
  partitioner = centroid
  centroid_partitioner_direction = y
[]

[Variables]
  [disp_x]
  []
  [disp_y]
  []
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 298
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  # Aux variables for output
  [porosity]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gap_cond]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [coolant_htc]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [cumulative_damage_index]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [element_failed]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [solid_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gas_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [power_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '0 44722 44722    0'
  []
  [coolant_press_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 42000400'
    y = '0.151e6 0.151e6'
  []
  [coolant_temp_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '298.0  648.0  648.0  350.0'
  []
  [axial_peaking_factors]
    type = PowerPeakingFunction
    fit = EBRII_ROW_4
    pellet_length = ${pellet_height}
    pellet_y_start = ${pellet_y_start}
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [fuel]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = pellet
    eigenstrain_names = 'fuel_thermal_strain fuel_volumetric_swelling'
  []
  [clad]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = clad
    eigenstrain_names = 'clad_thermal_eigenstrain'
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  # Define kernels for the various terms in the PDE system
  [gravity]
    type = Gravity
    variable = disp_y
    value = -9.81
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat]
    type = HeatConduction
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_ie]
    type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_source]
    type = NeutronHeatSource
    variable = temp
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [porosity]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = porosity
    property = porosity
    block = pellet
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [conductance]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = gap_conductance
    variable = gap_cond
    boundary = 10
  []
  [cdf_amount]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = cdf_failure
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [failed_element]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = failed
    variable = element_failed
  []
  [gas_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = gas_swell
    property = gas_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [solid_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = solid_swell
    property = solid_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = RankTwoScalarAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = volumetric_strain
    scalar_type = VolumetricStrain
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = pellet
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = stress
    variable = hoop_stress
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = creep_strain
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = elastic_strain
    variable = hoop_elastic_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
[]

[Contact]
  [pellet_clad_mechanical]
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    penalty = 1e12
    model = frictionless
    formulation = kinematic
    normalize_penalty = true
    tangential_tolerance = 1e-3
    normal_smoothing_distance = 0.1
  []
[]

[ThermalContact]
  [thermal_contact]
    type = GapHeatTransfer
    variable = temp
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    quadrature = true
    gap_conductivity = 61.0
    min_gap = ${clad_gap_width}
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [no_x_all]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 12
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_fuel]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 20
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_clad]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 1
    value = 0.0
  []
  [Pressure]
    [coolantPressure]
      boundary = '1 2 3'
      function = coolant_press_ramp
    []
  []
  [PlenumPressure]
    [plenumPressure]
      boundary = 9
      initial_pressure = 0.084e6 # Pa
      startup_time = 0
      R = 8.3143
      temperature = ave_temp_interior
      volume = gas_volume
      output = plenum_pressure
      material_input = fis_gas_released
    []
  []
[]

[CoolantChannel]
  [convective_clad_surface]
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    variable = temp
    inlet_temperature   = coolant_temp_ramp
    inlet_pressure      = coolant_press_ramp
    inlet_massflux      = 5261.5   # kg/m^2-sec
    coolant_material    = sodium
    rod_diameter        = 5.84e-3 # m
    rod_pitch           = 7.48e-3 # m (Pitch-to-diameter Ratio = 1.28)
    linear_heat_rate    = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    subchannel_geometry = triangular
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = UPuZrFissionRate
    rod_linear_power = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    pellet_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu_function = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [burnup]
    type = UPuZrBurnup
    initial_X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    initial_X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    density = ${initial_fuel_density}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [fuel_elasticity_tensor]
    type = UPuZrElasticityTensor
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_inelastic_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'fuel_upuzrcreep'
    block = pellet
  []
  [fuel_upuzrcreep]
    type = UPuZrCreepUpdate
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
    porosity = porosity
    max_inelastic_increment = 1e-3
  []
  [fuel_thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.18e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_thermal_strain
  []
  [fuel_volumetric_swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
#    hydrostatic_stress = hydrostatic_stress
    hydrostatic_stress = 1e6
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_volumetric_swelling
  []
  [metal_fuel_thermal]
    type = UPuZrThermal
    block = pellet
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    spheat_model = savage
    thcond_model = lanl
    porosity = porosity
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = pellet
    strain_free_density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  []
  [fission_gas_behavior]
    type = UPuZrFissionGasRelease
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
  []
  [clad_elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 1.88e11
    poissons_ratio = 0.236
    block = clad
  []
  [clad_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'clad_ht9creep'
    block = clad
  []
  [fast_flux]
    type = FastNeutronFlux
    block = clad
    factor = 2.47e19
  []
  [clad_ht9creep]
    type = HT9CreepUpdate
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = clad
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.2e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = clad_thermal_eigenstrain
  []
  [clad_thermal]
    type = HT9Thermal
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [clad_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = clad
    strain_free_density = 7874.0
  []
  [longHT9_failure]
    type = HT9FailureClad
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    method = cdf_long
    temperature = temp
    hoop_stress = stress_zz # Since 2D-RZ
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [SMP]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'PJFNK'
  petsc_options = '-snes_ksp_ew'
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package -ksp_gmres_restart'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu       superlu_dist                  51'
  line_search = 'none'

  l_max_its = 60
  l_tol = 8e-3
  nl_max_its = 40
  nl_rel_tol = 5e-4
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-7

  end_time = 42000400
  dtmin = 100
  dtmax = 5e5

  [Quadrature]
    order = fifth
    side_order = seventh
  []
  [TimeStepper]
    type = IterationAdaptiveDT
    timestep_limiting_postprocessor = creep_timestep
    dt = 1e2
    time_t = '0   1e5   41990400 42000400'
    time_dt = '1e2 1e2    1e2    1e2'
    iteration_window = 4
    optimal_iterations = 10
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [ave_temp_interior]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 9
    variable = temp
    execute_on = 'initial linear'
  []
  [approx_FCT]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    boundary = 12
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_approx_FCT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = approx_FCT
  []
  [ave_FST]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 10
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_FST]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_FST
  []
  [ave_CIT]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 5
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_CIT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_CIT
  []
  [avg_clad_temp]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temp
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_clad_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_fuel_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [max_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [min_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = min
    block = pellet
  []
  [peak_porosity]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = porosity
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [clad_inner_vol]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 7
  []
  [pellet_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 8
  []
  [gas_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 9
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    addition = ${gas_addition}
  []
  [clad_fuel_gap]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = penetration
    boundary = 10
  []
  [max_cont_press]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = contact_pressure
    boundary = 10
  []
  [flux_from_clad]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [flux_from_fuel]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [rod_total_power]
    type = ElementIntegralPower
    variable = temp
    use_material_fission_rate = true
    fission_rate_material = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [LHGR_W_per_cm]
    type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
    function = power_history
    scale_factor = 0.01
  []
  [average_burnup]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    block = pellet
    variable = burnup
  []
  [max_cdf]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [fis_gas_produced]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_prod
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_released]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_rel
    block = pellet
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  []
  [creep_timestep]
    type = MaterialTimeStepPostprocessor
    block = pellet
  []
  [hydrostatic_stress]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    block = pellet
  []
  [solid_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = solid_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [gas_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gas_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = volumetric_strain
    block = pellet
  []
  [fission_rate]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = porosity
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_percent]
    type = FGRPercent
    fission_gas_released = fis_gas_released
    fission_gas_generated = fis_gas_produced
  []
  [max_clad_hoop_creep]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
  []
  [max_total_hoop_strain]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = total_hoop_strain
  []
  [max_fuel_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'all_pellet_exterior'
  []
  [max_clad_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'clad_outside_top clad_outside_right'
  []
[]

[VectorPostprocessors]
  [clad_x_disp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec1'
  []
  [fuel_cl_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 12
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec2'
  []
  [fuel_surf_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec3'
  []
  [clad_inn_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec4'
  []
  [clad_out_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec5'
  []
  [clad_total_hoop_strain]
    type = LineValueSampler
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    start_point = '2.90e-3 2.55e-3 0.0'
    end_point = '2.90e-3 0.725 0.0'
    num_points = 300
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec6'
  []
  [fuel_surf_disp_x]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec7'
  []
[]

[PerformanceMetricOutputs]
  outputs = performance_metrics_file
[]

[Outputs]
  time_step_interval =  10
  color = true
  exodus = true
  perf_graph = true
  csv = true
  sync_times = '1e3 5e3 1e4 5e4 1e5 5e6 1e6 5e6 1e7 2e7 3e7 4e7 41990400 42000400'
  file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell
  [out2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_out2
    time_step_interval =  1
  []
  [console]
    type = Console
    max_rows = 25
    time_step_interval =  1
    output_linear = true
  []
  [chkfile]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_chkfile
    show = 'max_approx_FCT max_ave_FST max_ave_CIT average_burnup fis_gas_percent max_clad_hoop_creep max_fuel_elongation max_clad_elongation max_total_hoop_strain'
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [performance_metrics_file]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_performance_metrics
    show = 'simulation_alive_time number_linear_iterations number_nonlinear_iterations time_step_size total_linear_iterations total_nonlinear_iterations physical_memory_use number_dofs number_nonlinear_variables residual_compute_time jacobian_compute_time'
  []
  [vec1]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec1
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec2
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec3]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec3
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec4]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec4
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec5]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec5
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec6]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec6
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec7]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec7
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
[]

[Debug]
  show_var_residual = 'disp_x disp_y temp'
  show_var_residual_norms = true
[]

(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_E/x441_leg_E.i)

initial_fuel_density = 15800.0

[GlobalParams]
  density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  order = SECOND
  family = LAGRANGE
  energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11  # J/fission
  volumetric_locking_correction = false
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Problem]
  type = ReferenceResidualProblem
  reference_vector = 'ref'
  extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
  group_variables = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Mesh]
  coord_type = RZ
  # Nominal Design Geometric Parameters (X441)
  [smeared_pellet_mesh]
    type = FuelPinMeshGenerator
    clad_thickness = ${clad_thickness}
    pellet_outer_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    pellet_height = ${pellet_height}
    clad_top_gap_height = ${clad_top_gap_height}
    clad_gap_width = ${clad_gap_width}
    bottom_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    top_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    clad_bot_gap_height = 0.2e-3 # arbitrary
    # meshing parameters
    clad_mesh_density = customize
    pellet_mesh_density = customize
    nx_p = 6
    ny_p = 260
    nx_c = 4
    ny_c = 260
    ny_cu = ${ny_cu}
    ny_cl = ${ny_cl}
    pellet_quantity = 1
    elem_type = QUAD8
  []
  # mesh options
  patch_size = 30
  patch_update_strategy = auto
  partitioner = centroid
  centroid_partitioner_direction = y
[]

[Variables]
  [disp_x]
  []
  [disp_y]
  []
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 298
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  # Aux variables for output
  [porosity]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gap_cond]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [coolant_htc]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [cumulative_damage_index]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [element_failed]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [solid_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gas_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [power_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '0 44722 44722    0'
  []
  [coolant_press_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 42000400'
    y = '0.151e6 0.151e6'
  []
  [coolant_temp_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '298.0  648.0  648.0  350.0'
  []
  [axial_peaking_factors]
    type = PowerPeakingFunction
    fit = EBRII_ROW_4
    pellet_length = ${pellet_height}
    pellet_y_start = ${pellet_y_start}
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [fuel]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = pellet
    eigenstrain_names = 'fuel_thermal_strain fuel_volumetric_swelling'
  []
  [clad]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = clad
    eigenstrain_names = 'clad_thermal_eigenstrain'
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  # Define kernels for the various terms in the PDE system
  [gravity]
    type = Gravity
    variable = disp_y
    value = -9.81
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat]
    type = HeatConduction
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_ie]
    type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_source]
    type = NeutronHeatSource
    variable = temp
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [porosity]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = porosity
    property = porosity
    block = pellet
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [conductance]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = gap_conductance
    variable = gap_cond
    boundary = 10
  []
  [cdf_amount]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = cdf_failure
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [failed_element]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = failed
    variable = element_failed
  []
  [gas_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = gas_swell
    property = gas_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [solid_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = solid_swell
    property = solid_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = RankTwoScalarAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = volumetric_strain
    scalar_type = VolumetricStrain
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = pellet
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = stress
    variable = hoop_stress
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = creep_strain
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = elastic_strain
    variable = hoop_elastic_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
[]

[Contact]
  [pellet_clad_mechanical]
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    penalty = 1e12
    model = frictionless
    formulation = kinematic
    normalize_penalty = true
    tangential_tolerance = 1e-3
    normal_smoothing_distance = 0.1
  []
[]

[ThermalContact]
  [thermal_contact]
    type = GapHeatTransfer
    variable = temp
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    quadrature = true
    gap_conductivity = 61.0
    min_gap = ${clad_gap_width}
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [no_x_all]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 12
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_fuel]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 20
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_clad]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 1
    value = 0.0
  []
  [Pressure]
    [coolantPressure]
      boundary = '1 2 3'
      function = coolant_press_ramp
    []
  []
  [PlenumPressure]
    [plenumPressure]
      boundary = 9
      initial_pressure = 0.084e6 # Pa
      startup_time = 0
      R = 8.3143
      temperature = ave_temp_interior
      volume = gas_volume
      output = plenum_pressure
      material_input = fis_gas_released
    []
  []
[]

[CoolantChannel]
  [convective_clad_surface]
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    variable = temp
    inlet_temperature   = coolant_temp_ramp
    inlet_pressure      = coolant_press_ramp
    inlet_massflux      = 5261.5   # kg/m^2-sec
    coolant_material    = sodium
    rod_diameter        = 5.84e-3 # m
    rod_pitch           = 7.48e-3 # m (Pitch-to-diameter Ratio = 1.28)
    linear_heat_rate    = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    subchannel_geometry = triangular
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = UPuZrFissionRate
    rod_linear_power = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    pellet_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu_function = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [burnup]
    type = UPuZrBurnup
    initial_X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    initial_X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    density = ${initial_fuel_density}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [fuel_elasticity_tensor]
    type = UPuZrElasticityTensor
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_inelastic_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'fuel_upuzrcreep'
    block = pellet
  []
  [fuel_upuzrcreep]
    type = UPuZrCreepUpdate
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
    porosity = porosity
    max_inelastic_increment = 1e-3
  []
  [fuel_thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.18e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_thermal_strain
  []
  [fuel_volumetric_swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
#    hydrostatic_stress = hydrostatic_stress
    hydrostatic_stress = 1e6
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_volumetric_swelling
  []
  [metal_fuel_thermal]
    type = UPuZrThermal
    block = pellet
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    spheat_model = savage
    thcond_model = lanl
    porosity = porosity
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = pellet
    strain_free_density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  []
  [fission_gas_behavior]
    type = UPuZrFissionGasRelease
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
  []
  [clad_elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 1.88e11
    poissons_ratio = 0.236
    block = clad
  []
  [clad_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'clad_ht9creep'
    block = clad
  []
  [fast_flux]
    type = FastNeutronFlux
    block = clad
    factor = 2.47e19
  []
  [clad_ht9creep]
    type = HT9CreepUpdate
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = clad
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.2e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = clad_thermal_eigenstrain
  []
  [clad_thermal]
    type = HT9Thermal
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [clad_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = clad
    strain_free_density = 7874.0
  []
  [longHT9_failure]
    type = HT9FailureClad
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    method = cdf_long
    temperature = temp
    hoop_stress = stress_zz # Since 2D-RZ
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [SMP]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'PJFNK'
  petsc_options = '-snes_ksp_ew'
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package -ksp_gmres_restart'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu       superlu_dist                  51'
  line_search = 'none'

  l_max_its = 60
  l_tol = 8e-3
  nl_max_its = 40
  nl_rel_tol = 5e-4
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-7

  end_time = 42000400
  dtmin = 100
  dtmax = 5e5

  [Quadrature]
    order = fifth
    side_order = seventh
  []
  [TimeStepper]
    type = IterationAdaptiveDT
    timestep_limiting_postprocessor = creep_timestep
    dt = 1e2
    time_t = '0   1e5   41990400 42000400'
    time_dt = '1e2 1e2    1e2    1e2'
    iteration_window = 4
    optimal_iterations = 10
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [ave_temp_interior]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 9
    variable = temp
    execute_on = 'initial linear'
  []
  [approx_FCT]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    boundary = 12
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_approx_FCT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = approx_FCT
  []
  [ave_FST]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 10
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_FST]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_FST
  []
  [ave_CIT]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 5
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_CIT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_CIT
  []
  [avg_clad_temp]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temp
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_clad_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_fuel_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [max_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [min_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = min
    block = pellet
  []
  [peak_porosity]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = porosity
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [clad_inner_vol]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 7
  []
  [pellet_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 8
  []
  [gas_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 9
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    addition = ${gas_addition}
  []
  [clad_fuel_gap]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = penetration
    boundary = 10
  []
  [max_cont_press]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = contact_pressure
    boundary = 10
  []
  [flux_from_clad]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [flux_from_fuel]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [rod_total_power]
    type = ElementIntegralPower
    variable = temp
    use_material_fission_rate = true
    fission_rate_material = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [LHGR_W_per_cm]
    type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
    function = power_history
    scale_factor = 0.01
  []
  [average_burnup]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    block = pellet
    variable = burnup
  []
  [max_cdf]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [fis_gas_produced]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_prod
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_released]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_rel
    block = pellet
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  []
  [creep_timestep]
    type = MaterialTimeStepPostprocessor
    block = pellet
  []
  [hydrostatic_stress]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    block = pellet
  []
  [solid_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = solid_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [gas_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gas_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = volumetric_strain
    block = pellet
  []
  [fission_rate]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = porosity
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_percent]
    type = FGRPercent
    fission_gas_released = fis_gas_released
    fission_gas_generated = fis_gas_produced
  []
  [max_clad_hoop_creep]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
  []
  [max_total_hoop_strain]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = total_hoop_strain
  []
  [max_fuel_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'all_pellet_exterior'
  []
  [max_clad_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'clad_outside_top clad_outside_right'
  []
[]

[VectorPostprocessors]
  [clad_x_disp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec1'
  []
  [fuel_cl_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 12
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec2'
  []
  [fuel_surf_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec3'
  []
  [clad_inn_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec4'
  []
  [clad_out_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec5'
  []
  [clad_total_hoop_strain]
    type = LineValueSampler
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    start_point = '2.90e-3 2.55e-3 0.0'
    end_point = '2.90e-3 0.725 0.0'
    num_points = 300
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec6'
  []
  [fuel_surf_disp_x]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec7'
  []
[]

[PerformanceMetricOutputs]
  outputs = performance_metrics_file
[]

[Outputs]
  time_step_interval =  10
  color = true
  exodus = true
  perf_graph = true
  csv = true
  sync_times = '1e3 5e3 1e4 5e4 1e5 5e6 1e6 5e6 1e7 2e7 3e7 4e7 41990400 42000400'
  file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell
  [out2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_out2
    time_step_interval =  1
  []
  [console]
    type = Console
    max_rows = 25
    time_step_interval =  1
    output_linear = true
  []
  [chkfile]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_chkfile
    show = 'max_approx_FCT max_ave_FST max_ave_CIT average_burnup fis_gas_percent max_clad_hoop_creep max_fuel_elongation max_clad_elongation max_total_hoop_strain'
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [performance_metrics_file]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_performance_metrics
    show = 'simulation_alive_time number_linear_iterations number_nonlinear_iterations time_step_size total_linear_iterations total_nonlinear_iterations physical_memory_use number_dofs number_nonlinear_variables residual_compute_time jacobian_compute_time'
  []
  [vec1]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec1
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec2
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec3]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec3
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec4]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec4
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec5]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec5
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec6]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec6
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec7]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec7
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
[]

[Debug]
  show_var_residual = 'disp_x disp_y temp'
  show_var_residual_norms = true
[]

(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_F/x441_leg_F.i)

initial_fuel_density = 15800.0

[GlobalParams]
  density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  order = SECOND
  family = LAGRANGE
  energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11  # J/fission
  volumetric_locking_correction = false
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Problem]
  type = ReferenceResidualProblem
  reference_vector = 'ref'
  extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
  group_variables = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Mesh]
  coord_type = RZ
  # Nominal Design Geometric Parameters (X441)
  [smeared_pellet_mesh]
    type = FuelPinMeshGenerator
    clad_thickness = ${clad_thickness}
    pellet_outer_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    pellet_height = ${pellet_height}
    clad_top_gap_height = ${clad_top_gap_height}
    clad_gap_width = ${clad_gap_width}
    bottom_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    top_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    clad_bot_gap_height = 0.2e-3 # arbitrary
    # meshing parameters
    clad_mesh_density = customize
    pellet_mesh_density = customize
    nx_p = 6
    ny_p = 260
    nx_c = 4
    ny_c = 260
    ny_cu = ${ny_cu}
    ny_cl = ${ny_cl}
    pellet_quantity = 1
    elem_type = QUAD8
  []
  # mesh options
  patch_size = 30
  patch_update_strategy = auto
  partitioner = centroid
  centroid_partitioner_direction = y
[]

[Variables]
  [disp_x]
  []
  [disp_y]
  []
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 298
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  # Aux variables for output
  [porosity]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gap_cond]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [coolant_htc]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [cumulative_damage_index]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [element_failed]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [solid_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gas_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [power_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '0 44722 44722    0'
  []
  [coolant_press_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 42000400'
    y = '0.151e6 0.151e6'
  []
  [coolant_temp_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '298.0  648.0  648.0  350.0'
  []
  [axial_peaking_factors]
    type = PowerPeakingFunction
    fit = EBRII_ROW_4
    pellet_length = ${pellet_height}
    pellet_y_start = ${pellet_y_start}
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [fuel]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = pellet
    eigenstrain_names = 'fuel_thermal_strain fuel_volumetric_swelling'
  []
  [clad]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = clad
    eigenstrain_names = 'clad_thermal_eigenstrain'
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  # Define kernels for the various terms in the PDE system
  [gravity]
    type = Gravity
    variable = disp_y
    value = -9.81
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat]
    type = HeatConduction
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_ie]
    type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_source]
    type = NeutronHeatSource
    variable = temp
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [porosity]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = porosity
    property = porosity
    block = pellet
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [conductance]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = gap_conductance
    variable = gap_cond
    boundary = 10
  []
  [cdf_amount]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = cdf_failure
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [failed_element]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = failed
    variable = element_failed
  []
  [gas_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = gas_swell
    property = gas_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [solid_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = solid_swell
    property = solid_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = RankTwoScalarAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = volumetric_strain
    scalar_type = VolumetricStrain
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = pellet
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = stress
    variable = hoop_stress
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = creep_strain
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = elastic_strain
    variable = hoop_elastic_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
[]

[Contact]
  [pellet_clad_mechanical]
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    penalty = 1e12
    model = frictionless
    formulation = kinematic
    normalize_penalty = true
    tangential_tolerance = 1e-3
    normal_smoothing_distance = 0.1
  []
[]

[ThermalContact]
  [thermal_contact]
    type = GapHeatTransfer
    variable = temp
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    quadrature = true
    gap_conductivity = 61.0
    min_gap = ${clad_gap_width}
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [no_x_all]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 12
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_fuel]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 20
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_clad]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 1
    value = 0.0
  []
  [Pressure]
    [coolantPressure]
      boundary = '1 2 3'
      function = coolant_press_ramp
    []
  []
  [PlenumPressure]
    [plenumPressure]
      boundary = 9
      initial_pressure = 0.084e6 # Pa
      startup_time = 0
      R = 8.3143
      temperature = ave_temp_interior
      volume = gas_volume
      output = plenum_pressure
      material_input = fis_gas_released
    []
  []
[]

[CoolantChannel]
  [convective_clad_surface]
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    variable = temp
    inlet_temperature   = coolant_temp_ramp
    inlet_pressure      = coolant_press_ramp
    inlet_massflux      = 5261.5   # kg/m^2-sec
    coolant_material    = sodium
    rod_diameter        = 5.84e-3 # m
    rod_pitch           = 7.48e-3 # m (Pitch-to-diameter Ratio = 1.28)
    linear_heat_rate    = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    subchannel_geometry = triangular
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = UPuZrFissionRate
    rod_linear_power = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    pellet_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu_function = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [burnup]
    type = UPuZrBurnup
    initial_X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    initial_X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    density = ${initial_fuel_density}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [fuel_elasticity_tensor]
    type = UPuZrElasticityTensor
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_inelastic_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'fuel_upuzrcreep'
    block = pellet
  []
  [fuel_upuzrcreep]
    type = UPuZrCreepUpdate
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
    porosity = porosity
    max_inelastic_increment = 1e-3
  []
  [fuel_thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.18e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_thermal_strain
  []
  [fuel_volumetric_swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
#    hydrostatic_stress = hydrostatic_stress
    hydrostatic_stress = 1e6
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_volumetric_swelling
  []
  [metal_fuel_thermal]
    type = UPuZrThermal
    block = pellet
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    spheat_model = savage
    thcond_model = lanl
    porosity = porosity
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = pellet
    strain_free_density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  []
  [fission_gas_behavior]
    type = UPuZrFissionGasRelease
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
  []
  [clad_elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 1.88e11
    poissons_ratio = 0.236
    block = clad
  []
  [clad_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'clad_ht9creep'
    block = clad
  []
  [fast_flux]
    type = FastNeutronFlux
    block = clad
    factor = 2.47e19
  []
  [clad_ht9creep]
    type = HT9CreepUpdate
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = clad
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.2e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = clad_thermal_eigenstrain
  []
  [clad_thermal]
    type = HT9Thermal
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [clad_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = clad
    strain_free_density = 7874.0
  []
  [longHT9_failure]
    type = HT9FailureClad
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    method = cdf_long
    temperature = temp
    hoop_stress = stress_zz # Since 2D-RZ
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [SMP]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'PJFNK'
  petsc_options = '-snes_ksp_ew'
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package -ksp_gmres_restart'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu       superlu_dist                  51'
  line_search = 'none'

  l_max_its = 60
  l_tol = 8e-3
  nl_max_its = 40
  nl_rel_tol = 5e-4
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-7

  end_time = 42000400
  dtmin = 100
  dtmax = 5e5

  [Quadrature]
    order = fifth
    side_order = seventh
  []
  [TimeStepper]
    type = IterationAdaptiveDT
    timestep_limiting_postprocessor = creep_timestep
    dt = 1e2
    time_t = '0   1e5   41990400 42000400'
    time_dt = '1e2 1e2    1e2    1e2'
    iteration_window = 4
    optimal_iterations = 10
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [ave_temp_interior]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 9
    variable = temp
    execute_on = 'initial linear'
  []
  [approx_FCT]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    boundary = 12
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_approx_FCT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = approx_FCT
  []
  [ave_FST]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 10
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_FST]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_FST
  []
  [ave_CIT]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 5
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_CIT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_CIT
  []
  [avg_clad_temp]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temp
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_clad_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_fuel_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [max_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [min_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = min
    block = pellet
  []
  [peak_porosity]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = porosity
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [clad_inner_vol]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 7
  []
  [pellet_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 8
  []
  [gas_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 9
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    addition = ${gas_addition}
  []
  [clad_fuel_gap]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = penetration
    boundary = 10
  []
  [max_cont_press]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = contact_pressure
    boundary = 10
  []
  [flux_from_clad]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [flux_from_fuel]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [rod_total_power]
    type = ElementIntegralPower
    variable = temp
    use_material_fission_rate = true
    fission_rate_material = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [LHGR_W_per_cm]
    type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
    function = power_history
    scale_factor = 0.01
  []
  [average_burnup]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    block = pellet
    variable = burnup
  []
  [max_cdf]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [fis_gas_produced]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_prod
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_released]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_rel
    block = pellet
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  []
  [creep_timestep]
    type = MaterialTimeStepPostprocessor
    block = pellet
  []
  [hydrostatic_stress]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    block = pellet
  []
  [solid_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = solid_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [gas_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gas_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = volumetric_strain
    block = pellet
  []
  [fission_rate]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = porosity
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_percent]
    type = FGRPercent
    fission_gas_released = fis_gas_released
    fission_gas_generated = fis_gas_produced
  []
  [max_clad_hoop_creep]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
  []
  [max_total_hoop_strain]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = total_hoop_strain
  []
  [max_fuel_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'all_pellet_exterior'
  []
  [max_clad_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'clad_outside_top clad_outside_right'
  []
[]

[VectorPostprocessors]
  [clad_x_disp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec1'
  []
  [fuel_cl_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 12
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec2'
  []
  [fuel_surf_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec3'
  []
  [clad_inn_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec4'
  []
  [clad_out_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec5'
  []
  [clad_total_hoop_strain]
    type = LineValueSampler
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    start_point = '2.90e-3 2.55e-3 0.0'
    end_point = '2.90e-3 0.725 0.0'
    num_points = 300
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec6'
  []
  [fuel_surf_disp_x]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec7'
  []
[]

[PerformanceMetricOutputs]
  outputs = performance_metrics_file
[]

[Outputs]
  time_step_interval =  10
  color = true
  exodus = true
  perf_graph = true
  csv = true
  sync_times = '1e3 5e3 1e4 5e4 1e5 5e6 1e6 5e6 1e7 2e7 3e7 4e7 41990400 42000400'
  file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell
  [out2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_out2
    time_step_interval =  1
  []
  [console]
    type = Console
    max_rows = 25
    time_step_interval =  1
    output_linear = true
  []
  [chkfile]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_chkfile
    show = 'max_approx_FCT max_ave_FST max_ave_CIT average_burnup fis_gas_percent max_clad_hoop_creep max_fuel_elongation max_clad_elongation max_total_hoop_strain'
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [performance_metrics_file]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_performance_metrics
    show = 'simulation_alive_time number_linear_iterations number_nonlinear_iterations time_step_size total_linear_iterations total_nonlinear_iterations physical_memory_use number_dofs number_nonlinear_variables residual_compute_time jacobian_compute_time'
  []
  [vec1]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec1
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec2
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec3]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec3
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec4]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec4
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec5]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec5
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec6]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec6
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec7]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec7
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
[]

[Debug]
  show_var_residual = 'disp_x disp_y temp'
  show_var_residual_norms = true
[]

(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_B/x441_leg_B.i)

initial_fuel_density = 15800.0

[GlobalParams]
  density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  order = SECOND
  family = LAGRANGE
  energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11  # J/fission
  volumetric_locking_correction = false
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Problem]
  type = ReferenceResidualProblem
  reference_vector = 'ref'
  extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
  group_variables = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Mesh]
  coord_type = RZ
  # Nominal Design Geometric Parameters (X441)
  [smeared_pellet_mesh]
    type = FuelPinMeshGenerator
    clad_thickness = ${clad_thickness}
    pellet_outer_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    pellet_height = ${pellet_height}
    clad_top_gap_height = ${clad_top_gap_height}
    clad_gap_width = ${clad_gap_width}
    bottom_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    top_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    clad_bot_gap_height = 0.2e-3 # arbitrary
    # meshing parameters
    clad_mesh_density = customize
    pellet_mesh_density = customize
    nx_p = 6
    ny_p = 260
    nx_c = 4
    ny_c = 260
    ny_cu = ${ny_cu}
    ny_cl = ${ny_cl}
    pellet_quantity = 1
    elem_type = QUAD8
  []
  # mesh options
  patch_size = 30
  patch_update_strategy = auto
  partitioner = centroid
  centroid_partitioner_direction = y
[]

[Variables]
  [disp_x]
  []
  [disp_y]
  []
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 298
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  # Aux variables for output
  [porosity]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gap_cond]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [coolant_htc]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [cumulative_damage_index]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [element_failed]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [solid_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gas_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [power_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '0 44722 44722    0'
  []
  [coolant_press_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 42000400'
    y = '0.151e6 0.151e6'
  []
  [coolant_temp_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '298.0  648.0  648.0  350.0'
  []
  [axial_peaking_factors]
    type = PowerPeakingFunction
    fit = EBRII_ROW_4
    pellet_length = ${pellet_height}
    pellet_y_start = ${pellet_y_start}
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [fuel]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = pellet
    eigenstrain_names = 'fuel_thermal_strain fuel_volumetric_swelling'
  []
  [clad]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = clad
    eigenstrain_names = 'clad_thermal_eigenstrain'
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  # Define kernels for the various terms in the PDE system
  [gravity]
    type = Gravity
    variable = disp_y
    value = -9.81
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat]
    type = HeatConduction
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_ie]
    type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_source]
    type = NeutronHeatSource
    variable = temp
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [porosity]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = porosity
    property = porosity
    block = pellet
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [conductance]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = gap_conductance
    variable = gap_cond
    boundary = 10
  []
  [cdf_amount]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = cdf_failure
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [failed_element]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = failed
    variable = element_failed
  []
  [gas_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = gas_swell
    property = gas_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [solid_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = solid_swell
    property = solid_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = RankTwoScalarAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = volumetric_strain
    scalar_type = VolumetricStrain
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = pellet
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = stress
    variable = hoop_stress
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = creep_strain
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = elastic_strain
    variable = hoop_elastic_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
[]

[Contact]
  [pellet_clad_mechanical]
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    penalty = 1e12
    model = frictionless
    formulation = kinematic
    normalize_penalty = true
    tangential_tolerance = 1e-3
    normal_smoothing_distance = 0.1
  []
[]

[ThermalContact]
  [thermal_contact]
    type = GapHeatTransfer
    variable = temp
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    quadrature = true
    gap_conductivity = 61.0
    min_gap = ${clad_gap_width}
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [no_x_all]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 12
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_fuel]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 20
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_clad]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 1
    value = 0.0
  []
  [Pressure]
    [coolantPressure]
      boundary = '1 2 3'
      function = coolant_press_ramp
    []
  []
  [PlenumPressure]
    [plenumPressure]
      boundary = 9
      initial_pressure = 0.084e6 # Pa
      startup_time = 0
      R = 8.3143
      temperature = ave_temp_interior
      volume = gas_volume
      output = plenum_pressure
      material_input = fis_gas_released
    []
  []
[]

[CoolantChannel]
  [convective_clad_surface]
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    variable = temp
    inlet_temperature   = coolant_temp_ramp
    inlet_pressure      = coolant_press_ramp
    inlet_massflux      = 5261.5   # kg/m^2-sec
    coolant_material    = sodium
    rod_diameter        = 5.84e-3 # m
    rod_pitch           = 7.48e-3 # m (Pitch-to-diameter Ratio = 1.28)
    linear_heat_rate    = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    subchannel_geometry = triangular
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = UPuZrFissionRate
    rod_linear_power = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    pellet_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu_function = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [burnup]
    type = UPuZrBurnup
    initial_X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    initial_X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    density = ${initial_fuel_density}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [fuel_elasticity_tensor]
    type = UPuZrElasticityTensor
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_inelastic_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'fuel_upuzrcreep'
    block = pellet
  []
  [fuel_upuzrcreep]
    type = UPuZrCreepUpdate
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
    porosity = porosity
    max_inelastic_increment = 1e-3
  []
  [fuel_thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.18e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_thermal_strain
  []
  [fuel_volumetric_swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
#    hydrostatic_stress = hydrostatic_stress
    hydrostatic_stress = 1e6
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_volumetric_swelling
  []
  [metal_fuel_thermal]
    type = UPuZrThermal
    block = pellet
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    spheat_model = savage
    thcond_model = lanl
    porosity = porosity
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = pellet
    strain_free_density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  []
  [fission_gas_behavior]
    type = UPuZrFissionGasRelease
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
  []
  [clad_elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 1.88e11
    poissons_ratio = 0.236
    block = clad
  []
  [clad_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'clad_ht9creep'
    block = clad
  []
  [fast_flux]
    type = FastNeutronFlux
    block = clad
    factor = 2.47e19
  []
  [clad_ht9creep]
    type = HT9CreepUpdate
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = clad
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.2e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = clad_thermal_eigenstrain
  []
  [clad_thermal]
    type = HT9Thermal
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [clad_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = clad
    strain_free_density = 7874.0
  []
  [longHT9_failure]
    type = HT9FailureClad
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    method = cdf_long
    temperature = temp
    hoop_stress = stress_zz # Since 2D-RZ
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [SMP]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'PJFNK'
  petsc_options = '-snes_ksp_ew'
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package -ksp_gmres_restart'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu       superlu_dist                  51'
  line_search = 'none'

  l_max_its = 60
  l_tol = 8e-3
  nl_max_its = 40
  nl_rel_tol = 5e-4
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-7

  end_time = 42000400
  dtmin = 100
  dtmax = 5e5

  [Quadrature]
    order = fifth
    side_order = seventh
  []
  [TimeStepper]
    type = IterationAdaptiveDT
    timestep_limiting_postprocessor = creep_timestep
    dt = 1e2
    time_t = '0   1e5   41990400 42000400'
    time_dt = '1e2 1e2    1e2    1e2'
    iteration_window = 4
    optimal_iterations = 10
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [ave_temp_interior]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 9
    variable = temp
    execute_on = 'initial linear'
  []
  [approx_FCT]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    boundary = 12
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_approx_FCT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = approx_FCT
  []
  [ave_FST]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 10
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_FST]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_FST
  []
  [ave_CIT]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 5
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_CIT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_CIT
  []
  [avg_clad_temp]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temp
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_clad_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_fuel_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [max_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [min_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = min
    block = pellet
  []
  [peak_porosity]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = porosity
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [clad_inner_vol]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 7
  []
  [pellet_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 8
  []
  [gas_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 9
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    addition = ${gas_addition}
  []
  [clad_fuel_gap]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = penetration
    boundary = 10
  []
  [max_cont_press]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = contact_pressure
    boundary = 10
  []
  [flux_from_clad]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [flux_from_fuel]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [rod_total_power]
    type = ElementIntegralPower
    variable = temp
    use_material_fission_rate = true
    fission_rate_material = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [LHGR_W_per_cm]
    type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
    function = power_history
    scale_factor = 0.01
  []
  [average_burnup]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    block = pellet
    variable = burnup
  []
  [max_cdf]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [fis_gas_produced]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_prod
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_released]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_rel
    block = pellet
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  []
  [creep_timestep]
    type = MaterialTimeStepPostprocessor
    block = pellet
  []
  [hydrostatic_stress]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    block = pellet
  []
  [solid_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = solid_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [gas_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gas_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = volumetric_strain
    block = pellet
  []
  [fission_rate]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = porosity
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_percent]
    type = FGRPercent
    fission_gas_released = fis_gas_released
    fission_gas_generated = fis_gas_produced
  []
  [max_clad_hoop_creep]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
  []
  [max_total_hoop_strain]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = total_hoop_strain
  []
  [max_fuel_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'all_pellet_exterior'
  []
  [max_clad_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'clad_outside_top clad_outside_right'
  []
[]

[VectorPostprocessors]
  [clad_x_disp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec1'
  []
  [fuel_cl_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 12
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec2'
  []
  [fuel_surf_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec3'
  []
  [clad_inn_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec4'
  []
  [clad_out_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec5'
  []
  [clad_total_hoop_strain]
    type = LineValueSampler
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    start_point = '2.90e-3 2.55e-3 0.0'
    end_point = '2.90e-3 0.725 0.0'
    num_points = 300
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec6'
  []
  [fuel_surf_disp_x]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec7'
  []
[]

[PerformanceMetricOutputs]
  outputs = performance_metrics_file
[]

[Outputs]
  time_step_interval =  10
  color = true
  exodus = true
  perf_graph = true
  csv = true
  sync_times = '1e3 5e3 1e4 5e4 1e5 5e6 1e6 5e6 1e7 2e7 3e7 4e7 41990400 42000400'
  file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell
  [out2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_out2
    time_step_interval =  1
  []
  [console]
    type = Console
    max_rows = 25
    time_step_interval =  1
    output_linear = true
  []
  [chkfile]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_chkfile
    show = 'max_approx_FCT max_ave_FST max_ave_CIT average_burnup fis_gas_percent max_clad_hoop_creep max_fuel_elongation max_clad_elongation max_total_hoop_strain'
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [performance_metrics_file]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_performance_metrics
    show = 'simulation_alive_time number_linear_iterations number_nonlinear_iterations time_step_size total_linear_iterations total_nonlinear_iterations physical_memory_use number_dofs number_nonlinear_variables residual_compute_time jacobian_compute_time'
  []
  [vec1]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec1
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec2
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec3]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec3
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec4]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec4
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec5]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec5
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec6]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec6
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec7]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec7
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
[]

[Debug]
  show_var_residual = 'disp_x disp_y temp'
  show_var_residual_norms = true
[]

(assessment/metallic_fuel/EBRII/X441/analysis/group_D/x441_leg_D.i)

initial_fuel_density = 15800.0

[GlobalParams]
  density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  order = SECOND
  family = LAGRANGE
  energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11  # J/fission
  volumetric_locking_correction = false
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Problem]
  type = ReferenceResidualProblem
  reference_vector = 'ref'
  extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
  group_variables = 'disp_x disp_y'
[]

[Mesh]
  coord_type = RZ
  # Nominal Design Geometric Parameters (X441)
  [smeared_pellet_mesh]
    type = FuelPinMeshGenerator
    clad_thickness = ${clad_thickness}
    pellet_outer_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    pellet_height = ${pellet_height}
    clad_top_gap_height = ${clad_top_gap_height}
    clad_gap_width = ${clad_gap_width}
    bottom_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    top_clad_height = ${top_bot_clad_height}
    clad_bot_gap_height = 0.2e-3 # arbitrary
    # meshing parameters
    clad_mesh_density = customize
    pellet_mesh_density = customize
    nx_p = 6
    ny_p = 260
    nx_c = 4
    ny_c = 260
    ny_cu = ${ny_cu}
    ny_cl = ${ny_cl}
    pellet_quantity = 1
    elem_type = QUAD8
  []
  # mesh options
  patch_size = 30
  patch_update_strategy = auto
  partitioner = centroid
  centroid_partitioner_direction = y
[]

[Variables]
  [disp_x]
  []
  [disp_y]
  []
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 298
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  # Aux variables for output
  [porosity]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gap_cond]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [coolant_htc]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [cumulative_damage_index]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [element_failed]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [solid_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [gas_swell]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    block = pellet
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  []
[]

[Functions]
  [power_history]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '0 44722 44722    0'
  []
  [coolant_press_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 42000400'
    y = '0.151e6 0.151e6'
  []
  [coolant_temp_ramp]
    type = PiecewiseLinear
    x = '0 1e5   41990400 42000400'
    y = '298.0  648.0  648.0  350.0'
  []
  [axial_peaking_factors]
    type = PowerPeakingFunction
    fit = EBRII_ROW_4
    pellet_length = ${pellet_height}
    pellet_y_start = ${pellet_y_start}
  []
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [fuel]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = pellet
    eigenstrain_names = 'fuel_thermal_strain fuel_volumetric_swelling'
  []
  [clad]
    strain = FINITE
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress hydrostatic_stress creep_strain_xx creep_strain_yy creep_strain_zz elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy elastic_strain_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
    block = clad
    eigenstrain_names = 'clad_thermal_eigenstrain'
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  # Define kernels for the various terms in the PDE system
  [gravity]
    type = Gravity
    variable = disp_y
    value = -9.81
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat]
    type = HeatConduction
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_ie]
    type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temp
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
  [heat_source]
    type = NeutronHeatSource
    variable = temp
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
    extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [porosity]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = porosity
    property = porosity
    block = pellet
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [conductance]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = gap_conductance
    variable = gap_cond
    boundary = 10
  []
  [cdf_amount]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = cdf_failure
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [failed_element]
    boundary = 2
    type = MaterialRealAux
    property = failed
    variable = element_failed
  []
  [gas_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = gas_swell
    property = gas_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [solid_swell]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = solid_swell
    property = solid_swelling
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = RankTwoScalarAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = volumetric_strain
    scalar_type = VolumetricStrain
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = pellet
  []
  [hoop_stress]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = stress
    variable = hoop_stress
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
  []
  [hoop_creep_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = creep_strain
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [hoop_elastic_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = elastic_strain
    variable = hoop_elastic_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
  [total_hoop_strain]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    index_j = 2
    index_i = 2
    execute_on = timestep_end
    block = clad
  []
[]

[Contact]
  [pellet_clad_mechanical]
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    penalty = 1e12
    model = frictionless
    formulation = kinematic
    normalize_penalty = true
    tangential_tolerance = 1e-3
    normal_smoothing_distance = 0.1
  []
[]

[ThermalContact]
  [thermal_contact]
    type = GapHeatTransfer
    variable = temp
    primary = 5
    secondary = 10
    quadrature = true
    gap_conductivity = 61.0
    min_gap = ${clad_gap_width}
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [no_x_all]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 12
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_fuel]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 20
    value = 0.0
  []
  [no_y_clad]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 1
    value = 0.0
  []
  [Pressure]
    [coolantPressure]
      boundary = '1 2 3'
      function = coolant_press_ramp
    []
  []
  [PlenumPressure]
    [plenumPressure]
      boundary = 9
      initial_pressure = 0.084e6 # Pa
      startup_time = 0
      R = 8.3143
      temperature = ave_temp_interior
      volume = gas_volume
      output = plenum_pressure
      material_input = fis_gas_released
    []
  []
[]

[CoolantChannel]
  [convective_clad_surface]
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    variable = temp
    inlet_temperature   = coolant_temp_ramp
    inlet_pressure      = coolant_press_ramp
    inlet_massflux      = 5261.5   # kg/m^2-sec
    coolant_material    = sodium
    rod_diameter        = 5.84e-3 # m
    rod_pitch           = 7.48e-3 # m (Pitch-to-diameter Ratio = 1.28)
    linear_heat_rate    = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    subchannel_geometry = triangular
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [fission_rate]
    type = UPuZrFissionRate
    rod_linear_power = power_history
    axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
    pellet_radius = ${pellet_outer_radius}
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu_function = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [burnup]
    type = UPuZrBurnup
    initial_X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    initial_X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    density = ${initial_fuel_density}
    block = pellet
    outputs = all
  []
  [fuel_elasticity_tensor]
    type = UPuZrElasticityTensor
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_inelastic_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'fuel_upuzrcreep'
    block = pellet
  []
  [fuel_upuzrcreep]
    type = UPuZrCreepUpdate
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
    porosity = porosity
    max_inelastic_increment = 1e-3
  []
  [fuel_thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.18e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_thermal_strain
  []
  [fuel_volumetric_swelling]
    type = UPuZrVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
    block = pellet
    temperature = temp
#    hydrostatic_stress = hydrostatic_stress
    hydrostatic_stress = 1e6
    eigenstrain_name = fuel_volumetric_swelling
  []
  [metal_fuel_thermal]
    type = UPuZrThermal
    block = pellet
    X_Zr = ${X_Zr}
    X_Pu = ${X_Pu}
    spheat_model = savage
    thcond_model = lanl
    porosity = porosity
    temperature = temp
  []
  [fuel_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = pellet
    strain_free_density = ${initial_fuel_density}
  []
  [fission_gas_behavior]
    type = UPuZrFissionGasRelease
    block = pellet
    fission_rate = fission_rate
  []
  [clad_elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 1.88e11
    poissons_ratio = 0.236
    block = clad
  []
  [clad_stress]
    type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
    tangent_operator = nonlinear
    inelastic_models = 'clad_ht9creep'
    block = clad
  []
  [fast_flux]
    type = FastNeutronFlux
    block = clad
    factor = 2.47e19
  []
  [clad_ht9creep]
    type = HT9CreepUpdate
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [thermal_expansion]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = clad
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.2e-5
    temperature = temp
    stress_free_temperature = 295.0
    eigenstrain_name = clad_thermal_eigenstrain
  []
  [clad_thermal]
    type = HT9Thermal
    block = clad
    temperature = temp
  []
  [clad_density]
    type = StrainAdjustedDensity
    block = clad
    strain_free_density = 7874.0
  []
  [longHT9_failure]
    type = HT9FailureClad
    boundary = '1 2 3'
    method = cdf_long
    temperature = temp
    hoop_stress = stress_zz # Since 2D-RZ
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [SMP]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'PJFNK'
  petsc_options = '-snes_ksp_ew'
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package -ksp_gmres_restart'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu       superlu_dist                  51'
  line_search = 'none'

  l_max_its = 60
  l_tol = 8e-3
  nl_max_its = 40
  nl_rel_tol = 5e-4
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-7

  end_time = 42000400
  dtmin = 100
  dtmax = 5e5

  [Quadrature]
    order = fifth
    side_order = seventh
  []
  [TimeStepper]
    type = IterationAdaptiveDT
    timestep_limiting_postprocessor = creep_timestep
    dt = 1e2
    time_t = '0   1e5   41990400 42000400'
    time_dt = '1e2 1e2    1e2    1e2'
    iteration_window = 4
    optimal_iterations = 10
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [ave_temp_interior]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 9
    variable = temp
    execute_on = 'initial linear'
  []
  [approx_FCT]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    boundary = 12
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_approx_FCT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = approx_FCT
  []
  [ave_FST]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 10
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_FST]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_FST
  []
  [ave_CIT]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = 5
    variable = temp
  []
  [max_ave_CIT]
    type = TimeExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    postprocessor = ave_CIT
  []
  [avg_clad_temp]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temp
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_clad_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = clad
  []
  [peak_fuel_temp]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = temp
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [max_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [min_hydro]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    value_type = min
    block = pellet
  []
  [peak_porosity]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    variable = porosity
    value_type = max
    block = pellet
  []
  [clad_inner_vol]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 7
  []
  [pellet_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 8
  []
  [gas_volume]
    type = InternalVolume
    boundary = 9
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    addition = ${gas_addition}
  []
  [clad_fuel_gap]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = penetration
    boundary = 10
  []
  [max_cont_press]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = contact_pressure
    boundary = 10
  []
  [flux_from_clad]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [flux_from_fuel]
    type = SideDiffusiveFluxIntegral
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
  []
  [rod_total_power]
    type = ElementIntegralPower
    variable = temp
    use_material_fission_rate = true
    fission_rate_material = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [LHGR_W_per_cm]
    type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
    function = power_history
    scale_factor = 0.01
  []
  [average_burnup]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    block = pellet
    variable = burnup
  []
  [max_cdf]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    variable = cumulative_damage_index
  []
  [fis_gas_produced]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_prod
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_released]
    type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
    mat_prop = fis_gas_rel
    block = pellet
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  []
  [creep_timestep]
    type = MaterialTimeStepPostprocessor
    block = pellet
  []
  [hydrostatic_stress]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = hydrostatic_stress
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
    block = pellet
  []
  [solid_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = solid_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [gas_swelling]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = gas_swell
    block = pellet
  []
  [volumetric_strain]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = volumetric_strain
    block = pellet
  []
  [fission_rate]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = fission_rate
    block = pellet
  []
  [porosity]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = porosity
    block = pellet
  []
  [fis_gas_percent]
    type = FGRPercent
    fission_gas_released = fis_gas_released
    fission_gas_generated = fis_gas_produced
  []
  [max_clad_hoop_creep]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = hoop_creep_strain
  []
  [max_total_hoop_strain]
    type = ElementExtremeValue
    value_type = max
    block = clad
    variable = total_hoop_strain
  []
  [max_fuel_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'all_pellet_exterior'
  []
  [max_clad_elongation]
    type = NodalExtremeValue
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 'clad_outside_top clad_outside_right'
  []
[]

[VectorPostprocessors]
  [clad_x_disp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec1'
  []
  [fuel_cl_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 12
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec2'
  []
  [fuel_surf_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec3'
  []
  [clad_inn_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 5
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec4'
  []
  [clad_out_temp]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = temp
    boundary = 2
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec5'
  []
  [clad_total_hoop_strain]
    type = LineValueSampler
    variable = total_hoop_strain
    start_point = '2.90e-3 2.55e-3 0.0'
    end_point = '2.90e-3 0.725 0.0'
    num_points = 300
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec6'
  []
  [fuel_surf_disp_x]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 10
    sort_by = y
    outputs = 'vec7'
  []
[]

[PerformanceMetricOutputs]
  outputs = performance_metrics_file
[]

[Outputs]
  time_step_interval =  10
  color = true
  exodus = true
  perf_graph = true
  csv = true
  sync_times = '1e3 5e3 1e4 5e4 1e5 5e6 1e6 5e6 1e7 2e7 3e7 4e7 41990400 42000400'
  file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell
  [out2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_out2
    time_step_interval =  1
  []
  [console]
    type = Console
    max_rows = 25
    time_step_interval =  1
    output_linear = true
  []
  [chkfile]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_chkfile
    show = 'max_approx_FCT max_ave_FST max_ave_CIT average_burnup fis_gas_percent max_clad_hoop_creep max_fuel_elongation max_clad_elongation max_total_hoop_strain'
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [performance_metrics_file]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_performance_metrics
    show = 'simulation_alive_time number_linear_iterations number_nonlinear_iterations time_step_size total_linear_iterations total_nonlinear_iterations physical_memory_use number_dofs number_nonlinear_variables residual_compute_time jacobian_compute_time'
  []
  [vec1]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec1
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec2]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec2
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec3]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec3
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec4]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec4
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec5]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec5
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec6]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec6
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
  [vec7]
    type = CSV
    file_base = x441_${group_name}_legacy_swell_vec7
    execute_on = 'FINAL'
  []
[]

[Debug]
  show_var_residual = 'disp_x disp_y temp'
  show_var_residual_norms = true
[]

Description
Gaseous Swelling
Solid Swelling
Total Isotropic Volumetric Swelling
Example Input Syntax
Input Parameters
Input Files
References