- eigenstrain_nameMaterial property name for the eigenstrain tensor computed by this model. IMPORTANT: The name of this property must also be provided to the strain calculator.
C++ Type:std::string
Controllable:No
Description:Material property name for the eigenstrain tensor computed by this model. IMPORTANT: The name of this property must also be provided to the strain calculator.
- stress_free_temperatureReference temperature at which there is no thermal expansion for thermal eigenstrain calculation
C++ Type:std::vector<VariableName>
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Reference temperature at which there is no thermal expansion for thermal eigenstrain calculation
MonolithicSiCThermalExpansionEigenstrain
Computes eigenstrain due to thermal expansion using a function that describes the mean thermal expansion as a function of temperature for monolithic (CVD) silicon carbide.
Description
The MonolithicSiCThermalExpansionEigenstrain material class calculates the strain due to thermal expansion for monolithic silicone carbide. The correlation from Snead et al. (2007) describes the mean linear thermal expansion coefficient (K) as a function of temperature:
The method of Niffenegger and Reichlin (2012) is employed to convert the mean thermal expansion values into instantaneous values. The details of the methodology described by Niffenegger and Reichlin (2012) can be found on the page for ComputeMeanThermalExpansionFunctionEigenstrain.
Example Input Syntax
[Materials<<<{"href": "../../../syntax/Materials/index.html"}>>>]
[thermal_eigenstrain]
type = MonolithicSiCThermalExpansionEigenstrain<<<{"description": "Computes eigenstrain due to thermal expansion using a function that describes the mean thermal expansion as a function of temperature for monolithic (CVD) silicon carbide.", "href": "MonolithicSiCThermalExpansionEigenstrain.html"}>>>
block<<<{"description": "The list of blocks (ids or names) that this object will be applied"}>>> = 0
temperature<<<{"description": "Coupled temperature"}>>> = temp
stress_free_temperature<<<{"description": "Reference temperature at which there is no thermal expansion for thermal eigenstrain calculation"}>>> = 298.0
eigenstrain_name<<<{"description": "Material property name for the eigenstrain tensor computed by this model. IMPORTANT: The name of this property must also be provided to the strain calculator."}>>> = thermal_eigenstrain
[]
[]The eigenstrain name must also be passed to the strain calculator, and an example parameter setting is shown below:
[Physics<<<{"href": "../../../syntax/Physics/index.html"}>>>]
[SolidMechanics<<<{"href": "../../../syntax/Physics/SolidMechanics/index.html"}>>>]
[QuasiStatic<<<{"href": "../../../syntax/Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic/index.html"}>>>]
[all]
strain<<<{"description": "Strain formulation"}>>> = finite
eigenstrain_names<<<{"description": "List of eigenstrains to be applied in this strain calculation"}>>> = thermal_eigenstrain
[]
[]
[]
[]Input Parameters
- base_nameOptional parameter that allows the user to define multiple mechanics material systems on the same block, i.e. for multiple phases
C++ Type:std::string
Controllable:No
Description:Optional parameter that allows the user to define multiple mechanics material systems on the same block, i.e. for multiple phases
- blockThe list of blocks (ids or names) that this object will be applied
C++ Type:std::vector<SubdomainName>
Controllable:No
Description:The list of blocks (ids or names) that this object will be applied
- boundaryThe list of boundaries (ids or names) from the mesh where this object applies
C++ Type:std::vector<BoundaryName>
Controllable:No
Description:The list of boundaries (ids or names) from the mesh where this object applies
- computeTrueWhen false, MOOSE will not call compute methods on this material. The user must call computeProperties() after retrieving the MaterialBase via MaterialBasePropertyInterface::getMaterialBase(). Non-computed MaterialBases are not sorted for dependencies.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:When false, MOOSE will not call compute methods on this material. The user must call computeProperties() after retrieving the MaterialBase via MaterialBasePropertyInterface::getMaterialBase(). Non-computed MaterialBases are not sorted for dependencies.
- constant_onNONEWhen ELEMENT, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps.When SUBDOMAIN, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps. Evaluations on element qps will be skipped
Default:NONE
C++ Type:MooseEnum
Options:NONE, ELEMENT, SUBDOMAIN
Controllable:No
Description:When ELEMENT, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps.When SUBDOMAIN, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps. Evaluations on element qps will be skipped
- declare_suffixAn optional suffix parameter that can be appended to any declared properties. The suffix will be prepended with a '_' character.
C++ Type:MaterialPropertyName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:An optional suffix parameter that can be appended to any declared properties. The suffix will be prepended with a '_' character.
- mean_thermal_expansion_coefficient_nameName of the mean coefficient of thermal expansion.
C++ Type:MaterialPropertyName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Name of the mean coefficient of thermal expansion.
- temperatureCoupled temperature
C++ Type:std::vector<VariableName>
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Coupled temperature
- use_old_temperatureFalseFlag to optionally use the temperature value from the previous timestep.
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Flag to optionally use the temperature value from the previous timestep.
Optional Parameters
- control_tagsAdds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:Adds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
- enableTrueSet the enabled status of the MooseObject.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:Yes
Description:Set the enabled status of the MooseObject.
- implicitTrueDetermines whether this object is calculated using an implicit or explicit form
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Determines whether this object is calculated using an implicit or explicit form
- seed0The seed for the master random number generator
Default:0
C++ Type:unsigned int
Controllable:No
Description:The seed for the master random number generator
- thermal_expansion_scale_factor1Scaling factor on the thermal expansion strain. This input parameter can be used to perform sensitivity analysis on thermal expansion.
Default:1
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Scaling factor on the thermal expansion strain. This input parameter can be used to perform sensitivity analysis on thermal expansion.
- use_displaced_meshFalseWhether or not this object should use the displaced mesh for computation. Note that in the case this is true but no displacements are provided in the Mesh block the undisplaced mesh will still be used.
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether or not this object should use the displaced mesh for computation. Note that in the case this is true but no displacements are provided in the Mesh block the undisplaced mesh will still be used.
Advanced Parameters
- output_propertiesList of material properties, from this material, to output (outputs must also be defined to an output type)
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:List of material properties, from this material, to output (outputs must also be defined to an output type)
- outputsnone Vector of output names where you would like to restrict the output of variables(s) associated with this object
Default:none
C++ Type:std::vector<OutputName>
Controllable:No
Description:Vector of output names where you would like to restrict the output of variables(s) associated with this object
Outputs Parameters
- prop_getter_suffixAn optional suffix parameter that can be appended to any attempt to retrieve/get material properties. The suffix will be prepended with a '_' character.
C++ Type:MaterialPropertyName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:An optional suffix parameter that can be appended to any attempt to retrieve/get material properties. The suffix will be prepended with a '_' character.
- use_interpolated_stateFalseFor the old and older state use projected material properties interpolated at the quadrature points. To set up projection use the ProjectedStatefulMaterialStorageAction.
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:For the old and older state use projected material properties interpolated at the quadrature points. To set up projection use the ProjectedStatefulMaterialStorageAction.
Material Property Retrieval Parameters
Input Files
References
- M. Niffenegger and K. Reichlin.
The proper use of thermal expansion coefficients in finite element calculations.
Nuclear Engineering and Design, 243:356–359, 2012.[BibTeX]
@article{niffenegger2012, author = "Niffenegger, M. and Reichlin, K.", title = "The proper use of thermal expansion coefficients in finite element calculations", journal = "Nuclear Engineering and Design", volume = "243", pages = "356-359", year = "2012" } - L. L. Snead, T. Nozawa, Y. Katoh, T.-S. Byun, S. Kondo, and D. A. Petti.
Handbook of sic properties for fuel performance modeling.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 371:329–377, 2007.[BibTeX]
@article{snead2007, author = "Snead, L. L. and Nozawa, T. and Katoh, Y. and Byun, T.-S. and Kondo, S. and Petti, D. A.", title = "Handbook of SiC properties for fuel performance modeling", journal = "Journal of Nuclear Materials", volume = "371", year = "2007", pages = "329-377" }
(test/tests/solid_mechanics/monolithicSiC_eigenstrains/thermal_expansion.i)
# This tests the linear thermal strain calculation for monolithic (CVD) SiC.
#
# The mean linear thermal expansion coefficient is calculated using the correlation
# that is a temperature dependent polynomial function with a reference temperature
# of 298 K.
#
# For 298 K < T < 1273 K:
#
# alpha = (-1.8276 + 0.0178T - 1.5544e-5T^2 + 4.5246e-9T^3)*1e-6
#
# For T > 1273 K:
#
# alpha = 5.0e-6
#
# In this test a single 1x1x1 block is exposed to a time varying temperature
# ramped from 298 K to 1400 K over 1 second in ten time steps. The stress free
# temperature is set to 298 K to coincide with the reference temperature.
# Since the block is only loaded thermally the thermal strain corresponds to the
# total strain. The BISON results compared to the analytical solution are shown
# below for select temperatures:
#
# Temp BISON Strain Analytical Strain
# (K) (-) (-)
# 298.0 0 0
# 408.2 3.4780e-4 3.4780e-4
# 518.4 8.4920e-4 8.4920e-4
# 628.6 1.4359e-3 1.4359e-3
# 738.8 2.0556e-3 2.0556e-3
# 849.0 2.6720e-3 2.6720e-3
# 959.2 3.2648e-3 3.2648e-3
# 1069.4 3.8299e-3 3.8299e-3
# 1179.6 4.3789e-3 4.3789e-3
# 1289.8 4.9590e-3 4.9590e-3
# 1400.0 5.5100e-3 5.5100e-3
[GlobalParams]
displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
[]
[Mesh]
[mesh]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 3
[]
[]
[Variables]
[disp_x]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
[]
[disp_y]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
[]
[disp_z]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
[]
[]
[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
[all]
strain = finite
eigenstrain_names = thermal_eigenstrain
[]
[]
[AuxVariables]
[temp]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
initial_condition = 298.0
[]
[total_strain_xx]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[]
[BCs]
[left]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_x
boundary = left
value = 0.0
[]
[bottom]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_y
boundary = bottom
value = 0.0
[]
[back]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_z
boundary = back
value = 0.0
[]
[]
[AuxKernels]
[temp]
type = FunctionAux
variable = temp
block = 0
function = temp_func
execute_on = 'initial linear'
[]
[total_strain]
type = RankTwoAux
variable = total_strain_xx
rank_two_tensor = total_strain
block = 0
index_i = 0
index_j = 0
[]
[]
[Materials]
[elasticity_tensor]
type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
block = 0
youngs_modulus = 4.6e11
poissons_ratio = 0.21
[]
[stress]
type = ComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
block = 0
[]
[thermal_eigenstrain]
type = MonolithicSiCThermalExpansionEigenstrain
block = 0
temperature = temp
stress_free_temperature = 298.0
eigenstrain_name = thermal_eigenstrain
[]
[]
[Functions]
[temp_func]
type = PiecewiseLinear
xy_data = '0 298.0
1 1400.0'
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[temperature]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 0
variable = temp
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[total_strain]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 0
variable = total_strain_xx
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
solve_type = PJFNK
l_max_its = 100
l_tol = 1e-4
nl_abs_tol = 1e-10
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
start_time = 0.0
end_time = 1.0
dt = 0.1
[]
[Outputs]
exodus = true
[]
(test/tests/solid_mechanics/monolithicSiC_eigenstrains/thermal_expansion.i)
# This tests the linear thermal strain calculation for monolithic (CVD) SiC.
#
# The mean linear thermal expansion coefficient is calculated using the correlation
# that is a temperature dependent polynomial function with a reference temperature
# of 298 K.
#
# For 298 K < T < 1273 K:
#
# alpha = (-1.8276 + 0.0178T - 1.5544e-5T^2 + 4.5246e-9T^3)*1e-6
#
# For T > 1273 K:
#
# alpha = 5.0e-6
#
# In this test a single 1x1x1 block is exposed to a time varying temperature
# ramped from 298 K to 1400 K over 1 second in ten time steps. The stress free
# temperature is set to 298 K to coincide with the reference temperature.
# Since the block is only loaded thermally the thermal strain corresponds to the
# total strain. The BISON results compared to the analytical solution are shown
# below for select temperatures:
#
# Temp BISON Strain Analytical Strain
# (K) (-) (-)
# 298.0 0 0
# 408.2 3.4780e-4 3.4780e-4
# 518.4 8.4920e-4 8.4920e-4
# 628.6 1.4359e-3 1.4359e-3
# 738.8 2.0556e-3 2.0556e-3
# 849.0 2.6720e-3 2.6720e-3
# 959.2 3.2648e-3 3.2648e-3
# 1069.4 3.8299e-3 3.8299e-3
# 1179.6 4.3789e-3 4.3789e-3
# 1289.8 4.9590e-3 4.9590e-3
# 1400.0 5.5100e-3 5.5100e-3
[GlobalParams]
displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
[]
[Mesh]
[mesh]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 3
[]
[]
[Variables]
[disp_x]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
[]
[disp_y]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
[]
[disp_z]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
[]
[]
[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
[all]
strain = finite
eigenstrain_names = thermal_eigenstrain
[]
[]
[AuxVariables]
[temp]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
initial_condition = 298.0
[]
[total_strain_xx]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[]
[BCs]
[left]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_x
boundary = left
value = 0.0
[]
[bottom]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_y
boundary = bottom
value = 0.0
[]
[back]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_z
boundary = back
value = 0.0
[]
[]
[AuxKernels]
[temp]
type = FunctionAux
variable = temp
block = 0
function = temp_func
execute_on = 'initial linear'
[]
[total_strain]
type = RankTwoAux
variable = total_strain_xx
rank_two_tensor = total_strain
block = 0
index_i = 0
index_j = 0
[]
[]
[Materials]
[elasticity_tensor]
type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
block = 0
youngs_modulus = 4.6e11
poissons_ratio = 0.21
[]
[stress]
type = ComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
block = 0
[]
[thermal_eigenstrain]
type = MonolithicSiCThermalExpansionEigenstrain
block = 0
temperature = temp
stress_free_temperature = 298.0
eigenstrain_name = thermal_eigenstrain
[]
[]
[Functions]
[temp_func]
type = PiecewiseLinear
xy_data = '0 298.0
1 1400.0'
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[temperature]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 0
variable = temp
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[total_strain]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 0
variable = total_strain_xx
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
solve_type = PJFNK
l_max_its = 100
l_tol = 1e-4
nl_abs_tol = 1e-10
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
start_time = 0.0
end_time = 1.0
dt = 0.1
[]
[Outputs]
exodus = true
[]
(examples/accident_tolerant_fuel/u3si2_sic/u3si2_outer_monolith_1.5D.i)
# Model is of a 10 pellet fuel rodlet modeled in 1.5D. The rodlet contains
# U3Si2 fuel and a multilayer silicon carbide cladding (an inner composite
# winding layer) and an outer monolithic layer. The inner composite layer is
# 0.75 mm thick and the outer monolithic layer is 0.25 mm thick. The internal
# layered1D mesh generator can model a clad an arbitrary number of additional blocks.
# Therefore, to create the multilayer SiC clad the composite layer is assigned to the
# clad block and the monolithic_layer is assigned to the monolithic_layer block
# as specified in the additional_block_names parameter in the Mesh block.
initial_fuel_density = 11590.0
[GlobalParams]
density = ${initial_fuel_density}
initial_porosity = 0.05
order = SECOND
family = LAGRANGE
energy_per_fission = 3.2e-11 # J/fission
displacements = disp_x
temperature = temperature
[]
[Problem]
type = ReferenceResidualProblem
reference_vector = 'ref'
extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
[]
[Mesh]
coord_type = RZ
[layered1D_mesh]
type = Layered1DMeshGenerator
slices_per_block = 10
clad_gap_width = 8.0e-5
clad_mesh_density = customize
clad_thickness = 0.00075
nx_c = 5
additional_block_names = 'monolithic_layer'
additional_elements_per_ring = '3'
additional_ring_thicknesses = '0.00025'
fuel_height = 0.1186
plenum_height = 0.027
[]
patch_update_strategy = auto
partitioner = centroid
centroid_partitioner_direction = y
[]
[UserObjects]
[pin_geometry]
type = Layered1DFuelPinGeometry
mesh_generator = layered1D_mesh
[]
[]
[Variables]
[temperature]
initial_condition = 580.0 # set initial temperature to coolant inlet
[]
[]
[AuxVariables]
[disp_y] ## Required for easier visualization in Paraview
[]
[disp_z] ## Required for easier visualization in Paraview
[]
[fast_neutron_flux]
block = 'clad monolithic_layer'
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[fast_neutron_fluence]
block = 'clad monolithic_layer'
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[grain_radius]
block = fuel
initial_condition = 10e-6
[]
[solid_swell]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
block = fuel
[]
[gaseous_swelling]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
block = fuel
[]
[densification]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
block = fuel
[]
[volumetric_swelling_strain]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
block = fuel
[]
[relocation]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
block = fuel
[]
[]
[Functions]
[power_history]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 1e4 1e8'
y = '0 25000 25000'
scale_factor = 1
[]
[axial_peaking_factors]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 1
[]
[pressure_ramp]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '-200 0 1e8'
y = '6.537e-3 1 1'
[]
[q]
type = CompositeFunction
functions = 'power_history axial_peaking_factors'
[]
[clad_axial_pressure]
type = CladdingAxialPressureFunction
plenum_pressure = plenum_pressure
coolant_pressure = pressure_ramp
coolant_pressure_scaling_factor = 15.5e6
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
[]
[fuel_axial_pressure]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = plenum_pressure
symbol_names = plenum_pressure
symbol_values = plenum_pressure
[]
[]
[Kernels]
[heat]
type = HeatConduction
variable = temperature
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[heat_ie]
type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
variable = temperature
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[heat_source]
type = NeutronHeatSource
variable = temperature
block = fuel
burnup_function = burnup
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[]
[Physics]
[SolidMechanics]
[Layered1D]
[fuel]
block = fuel
add_variables = true
strain = SMALL
incremental = true
add_scalar_variables = true
out_of_plane_strain_name = strain_yy
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
out_of_plane_pressure_function = fuel_axial_pressure
eigenstrain_names = 'fuel_thermal_strain fuel_swelling_strain'
generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress strain_xx'
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
group_scalar_vars_in_reference_residual = true
mesh_generator = layered1D_mesh
[]
[composite]
block = clad
add_variables = true
strain = SMALL
incremental = true
add_scalar_variables = true
out_of_plane_strain_name = strain_yy
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
out_of_plane_pressure_function = clad_axial_pressure
eigenstrain_names = 'composite_thermal_strain composite_swelling_strain'
generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress strain_xx'
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
group_scalar_vars_in_reference_residual = true
mesh_generator = layered1D_mesh
[]
[monolith]
block = monolithic_layer
add_variables = true
strain = SMALL
incremental = true
add_scalar_variables = true
out_of_plane_strain_name = strain_yy
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
out_of_plane_pressure_function = clad_axial_pressure
eigenstrain_names = 'monolith_thermal_strain monolith_swelling_strain'
generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz vonmises_stress strain_xx'
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
group_scalar_vars_in_reference_residual = true
mesh_generator = layered1D_mesh
[]
[]
[]
[]
[Burnup]
[burnup]
block = fuel
rod_ave_lin_pow = power_history
axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
num_radial = 80
num_axial = 11
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
fuel_volume_ratio = 1.0
RPF = RPF
fuel_type = U3Si2
[]
[]
[AuxKernels]
[fast_neutron_flux]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = fast_neutron_flux
property = fast_neutron_flux
block = 'clad monolithic_layer'
execute_on = timestep_begin
[]
[fast_neutron_fluence]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = fast_neutron_fluence
property = fast_neutron_fluence
block = 'clad monolithic_layer'
execute_on = timestep_begin
[]
[grain_radius]
type = GrainRadiusAux
block = fuel
variable = grain_radius
temperature = temperature
execute_on = linear
[]
[solid_swell]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = solid_swell
property = solid_swelling
execute_on = timestep_end
block = fuel
[]
[gas_swell]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = gaseous_swelling
property = gaseous_swelling
execute_on = timestep_end
block = fuel
[]
[densification]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = densification
property = densification
execute_on = timestep_end
block = fuel
[]
[volumetric_swelling_strain]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = volumetric_swelling_strain
property = volumetric_swelling_strain
execute_on = timestep_end
block = fuel
[]
[]
[Contact]
[pellet_clad_mechanical]
primary = 5
secondary = 10
formulation = kinematic
model = frictionless
penalty = 1e7
[]
[]
[ThermalContact]
[thermal_contact]
type = GasGapHeatTransfer
variable = temperature
primary = 5
secondary = 10
initial_moles = initial_moles # coupling to a postprocessor which supplies the initial plenum/gap gas mass
gas_released = fis_gas_released # coupling to a postprocessor which supplies the fission gas addition
contact_pressure = contact_pressure
[]
[]
[BCs]
[no_x_all] # pin pellets and clad along axis of symmetry (y)
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_x
boundary = 12
value = 0.0
[]
[Pressure] # apply coolant pressure on clad outer walls
[coolantPressure]
use_displaced_mesh = false
boundary = 2
function = pressure_ramp # use the pressure_ramp function defined above
factor = 15.5e6
[]
[]
[PlenumPressure] # apply plenum pressure on clad inner walls and pellet surfaces
[plenumPressure]
use_displaced_mesh = false
boundary = 9
initial_pressure = 2.0e6
startup_time = 0
R = 8.314
output_initial_moles = initial_moles # coupling to post processor to get initial fill gas mass
temperature = ave_temp_interior # coupling to post processor to get gas temperature approximation
volume = gas_volume # coupling to post processor to get gas volume
material_input = fis_gas_released # coupling to post processor to get fission gas added
output = plenum_pressure # coupling to post processor to output plenum/gap pressure
[]
[]
[]
[CoolantChannel]
[convective_clad_surface] # apply convective boundary to clad outer surface
variable = temperature
boundary = 2
inlet_temperature = 580 # K
inlet_pressure = 15.5e6 # Pa
inlet_massflux = 3800 # kg/m^2-sec
rod_diameter = 10.368e-3 # m
rod_pitch = 1.26e-2 # m
linear_heat_rate = power_history
axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
[]
[]
[Materials]
[flux]
type = FastNeutronFlux
calculate_fluence = true
block = 'clad monolithic_layer'
rod_ave_lin_pow = power_history
axial_power_profile = axial_peaking_factors
factor = 3e13
[]
### U3Si2 Fuel
[fuel_thermal]
type = SilicideFuelThermal
block = fuel
thermal_conductivity_model = WHITE
temperature = temperature
[]
[fuel_elasticity_tensor]
type = U3Si2ElasticityTensor
block = fuel
[]
[fuel_stress]
type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
block = fuel
tangent_operator = elastic
inelastic_models = 'fuel_creep'
[]
[fuel_creep]
type = U3Si2CreepUpdate
block = fuel
temperature = temperature
[]
[fuel_thermal_expansion]
type = U3Si2ThermalExpansionEigenstrain
block = fuel
temperature = temperature
stress_free_temperature = 295.0
eigenstrain_name = fuel_thermal_strain
[]
[fuel_volumetric_swelling]
type = U3Si2VolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
block = fuel
gaseous_swelling_type = FINLAY
temperature = temperature
burnup_function = burnup
eigenstrain_name = fuel_swelling_strain
[]
[fission_gas_release]
type = U3Si2Sifgrs
block = fuel
temperature = temperature
burnup_function = burnup
grain_radius_const = 2.5e-05
[]
[fuel_density]
type = StrainAdjustedDensity
block = fuel
strain_free_density = ${initial_fuel_density}
[]
### Composite SiC
[composite_thermal]
type = CompositeSiCThermal
thermal_conductivity_model = STONE
temperature = temperature
block = clad
[]
[composite_density]
type = StrainAdjustedDensity
block = clad
strain_free_density = 2700.0
[]
[composite_elasticity_tensor]
type = CompositeSiCElasticityTensor
block = clad
[]
[composite_stress]
type = ComputeStrainIncrementBasedStress
block = clad
[]
[composite_thermal_expansion]
type = CompositeSiCThermalExpansionEigenstrain
block = clad
stress_free_temperature = 295.0
temperature = temperature
eigenstrain_name = composite_thermal_strain
[]
[composite_irradiation_swelling]
type = CompositeSiCVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
block = clad
temperature = temperature
fast_neutron_fluence = fast_neutron_fluence
swelling_model = KATOH
number_of_substeps = 1000
eigenstrain_name = composite_swelling_strain
[]
### Monolithic SiC
[monolith_thermal]
type = MonolithicSiCThermal
temperature = temperature
thermal_conductivity_model = STONE
block = monolithic_layer
[]
[monolith_density]
type = StrainAdjustedDensity
block = monolithic_layer
strain_free_density = 3120.0
[]
[monolith_elasticity_tensor]
type = MonolithicSiCElasticityTensor
block = monolithic_layer
[]
[monolith_stress]
type = ComputeMultipleInelasticStress
block = monolithic_layer
tangent_operator = elastic
inelastic_models = 'monolith_creep'
[]
[monolith_creep]
type = MonolithicSiCCreepUpdate
block = monolithic_layer
fast_neutron_flux = fast_neutron_flux
temperature = temperature
k_function = 2e-37
[]
[monolith_thermal_expansion]
type = MonolithicSiCThermalExpansionEigenstrain
block = monolithic_layer
stress_free_temperature = 295.0
temperature = temperature
eigenstrain_name = monolith_thermal_strain
[]
[monolith_irradiation_swelling]
type = CompositeSiCVolumetricSwellingEigenstrain
block = monolithic_layer
temperature = temperature
fast_neutron_fluence = fast_neutron_fluence
swelling_model = KATOH
number_of_substeps = 1000
eigenstrain_name = monolith_swelling_strain
[]
[]
[Dampers]
[limitT]
type = MaxIncrement
max_increment = 100.0
variable = temperature
[]
[limitX]
type = MaxIncrement
max_increment = 1e-5
variable = disp_x
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
solve_type = 'PJFNK'
petsc_options = '-snes_ksp_ew'
petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package'
petsc_options_value = 'lu superlu_dist'
line_search = 'none'
l_max_its = 50
l_tol = 8e-3
nl_max_its = 50
nl_rel_tol = 1e-4
nl_abs_tol = 1e-7
start_time = -200
n_startup_steps = 1
end_time = 8.0e7
dtmax = 1e6
dtmin = 1
[TimeStepper]
type = IterationAdaptiveDT
dt = 2e2
optimal_iterations = 25
iteration_window = 5
growth_factor = 2
cutback_factor = .5
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[ave_temp_interior] # average temperature of the cladding interior and all pellet exteriors
type = LayeredSideAverageValuePostprocessor
boundary = 9
variable = temperature
execute_on = 'initial linear'
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
[]
[clad_inner_vol] # volume inside of cladding
type = LayeredInternalVolumePostprocessor
boundary = 7
component = 0
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
out_of_plane_strain = strain_yy
execute_on = 'initial linear'
[]
[pellet_volume] # fuel pellet total volume
type = LayeredInternalVolumePostprocessor
boundary = 8
component = 0
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
out_of_plane_strain = strain_yy
execute_on = 'initial linear'
[]
[avg_clad_temp] # average temperature of cladding interior
type = LayeredSideAverageValuePostprocessor
boundary = 7
variable = temperature
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
execute_on = 'initial linear'
[]
[fis_gas_produced] # fission gas produced (moles)
type = LayeredElementIntegralFisGasGeneratedSifgrsPostprocessor
block = fuel
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
[]
[fis_gas_released] # fission gas released to plenum (moles)
type = LayeredElementIntegralFisGasReleasedSifgrsPostprocessor
block = fuel
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
[]
[fis_gas_grain]
type = LayeredElementIntegralFisGasGrainSifgrsPostprocessor
block = fuel
outputs = exodus
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
[]
[fis_gas_boundary]
type = LayeredElementIntegralFisGasBoundarySifgrsPostprocessor
block = fuel
outputs = exodus
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
[]
[fission_gas_release]
type = FGRPercent
fission_gas_released = fis_gas_released
fission_gas_generated = fis_gas_produced
[]
[gas_volume]
type = LayeredInternalVolumePostprocessor
boundary = 9
execute_on = 'initial linear'
component = 0
out_of_plane_strain = strain_yy
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
[]
[flux_from_clad] # area integrated heat flux from the cladding
type = LayeredSideFluxIntegralPostprocessor
variable = temperature
boundary = 5
diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
[]
[flux_from_fuel] # area integrated heat flux from the fuel
type = LayeredSideFluxIntegralPostprocessor
variable = temperature
boundary = 10
diffusivity = thermal_conductivity
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
[]
[_dt] # time step
type = TimestepSize
[]
[num_lin_it]
type = NumLinearIterations
[]
[num_nonlin_it]
type = NumNonlinearIterations
[]
[tot_lin_it]
type = CumulativeValuePostprocessor
postprocessor = num_lin_it
[]
[tot_nonlin_it]
type = CumulativeValuePostprocessor
postprocessor = num_nonlin_it
[]
[alive_time]
type = PerfGraphData
section_name = Root
data_type = TOTAL
[]
[rod_total_power]
type = LayeredElementIntegralPowerPostprocessor
variable = temperature
burnup_function = burnup
block = fuel
fuel_pin_geometry = pin_geometry
[]
[rod_input_power]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = power_history
scale_factor = 0.1186 # rod height
[]
[solid_swelling]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = solid_swell
block = fuel
[]
[gaseous_swelling]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = gaseous_swelling
block = fuel
[]
[densification]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = densification
block = fuel
[]
[volumetric_swelling]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = volumetric_swelling_strain
block = fuel
[]
[]
[Outputs]
perf_graph = true
exodus = true
csv = true
color = false
[]
(test/tests/solid_mechanics/monolithicSiC_eigenstrains/ad_thermal_expansion.i)
# This tests the linear thermal strain calculation for monolithic (CVD) SiC.
#
# The mean linear thermal expansion coefficient is calculated using the correlation
# that is a temperature dependent polynomial function with a reference temperature
# of 298 K.
#
# For 298 K < T < 1273 K:
#
# alpha = (-1.8276 + 0.0178T - 1.5544e-5T^2 + 4.5246e-9T^3)*1e-6
#
# For T > 1273 K:
#
# alpha = 5.0e-6
#
# In this test a single 1x1x1 block is exposed to a time varying temperature
# ramped from 298 K to 1400 K over 1 second in ten time steps. The stress free
# temperature is set to 298 K to coincide with the reference temperature.
# Since the block is only loaded thermally the thermal strain corresponds to the
# total strain. The BISON results compared to the analytical solution are shown
# below for select temperatures:
#
# Temp BISON Strain Analytical Strain
# (K) (-) (-)
# 298.0 0 0
# 408.2 3.4780e-4 3.4780e-4
# 518.4 8.4920e-4 8.4920e-4
# 628.6 1.4359e-3 1.4359e-3
# 738.8 2.0556e-3 2.0556e-3
# 849.0 2.6720e-3 2.6720e-3
# 959.2 3.2648e-3 3.2648e-3
# 1069.4 3.8299e-3 3.8299e-3
# 1179.6 4.3789e-3 4.3789e-3
# 1289.8 4.9590e-3 4.9590e-3
# 1400.0 5.5100e-3 5.5100e-3
[GlobalParams]
displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
[]
[Mesh]
use_displaced_mesh = false
[mesh]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 3
[]
[]
[Variables]
[disp_x]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
[]
[disp_y]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
[]
[disp_z]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
[]
[]
[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
[mech]
use_automatic_differentiation = true
incremental = true
strain = small
eigenstrain_names = thermal_eigenstrain
[]
[]
[AuxVariables]
[temp]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
initial_condition = 298.0
[]
[total_strain_xx]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[]
[BCs]
[left]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_x
boundary = left
value = 0.0
[]
[bottom]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_y
boundary = bottom
value = 0.0
[]
[back]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_z
boundary = back
value = 0.0
[]
[]
[AuxKernels]
[temp]
type = FunctionAux
variable = temp
function = temp_func
execute_on = 'initial linear'
[]
[total_strain]
type = ADRankTwoAux
variable = total_strain_xx
rank_two_tensor = total_strain
index_i = 0
index_j = 0
[]
[]
[Materials]
[elasticity_tensor]
type = ADComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
youngs_modulus = 4.6e11
poissons_ratio = 0.21
[]
[stress]
type = ADComputeLinearElasticStress
[]
[thermal_eigenstrain]
type = ADMonolithicSiCThermalExpansionEigenstrain
temperature = temp
stress_free_temperature = 298.0
eigenstrain_name = thermal_eigenstrain
[]
[]
[Functions]
[temp_func]
type = PiecewiseLinear
xy_data = '0 298.0
1 1400.0'
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[temperature]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = temp
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[total_strain]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = total_strain_xx
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
solve_type = PJFNK
l_max_its = 100
l_tol = 1e-4
nl_abs_tol = 1e-10
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
start_time = 0.0
end_time = 1.0
dt = 0.1
[]
[Outputs]
exodus = true
[]
(test/tests/solid_mechanics/monolithicSiC_eigenstrains/thermal_expansion.i)
# This tests the linear thermal strain calculation for monolithic (CVD) SiC.
#
# The mean linear thermal expansion coefficient is calculated using the correlation
# that is a temperature dependent polynomial function with a reference temperature
# of 298 K.
#
# For 298 K < T < 1273 K:
#
# alpha = (-1.8276 + 0.0178T - 1.5544e-5T^2 + 4.5246e-9T^3)*1e-6
#
# For T > 1273 K:
#
# alpha = 5.0e-6
#
# In this test a single 1x1x1 block is exposed to a time varying temperature
# ramped from 298 K to 1400 K over 1 second in ten time steps. The stress free
# temperature is set to 298 K to coincide with the reference temperature.
# Since the block is only loaded thermally the thermal strain corresponds to the
# total strain. The BISON results compared to the analytical solution are shown
# below for select temperatures:
#
# Temp BISON Strain Analytical Strain
# (K) (-) (-)
# 298.0 0 0
# 408.2 3.4780e-4 3.4780e-4
# 518.4 8.4920e-4 8.4920e-4
# 628.6 1.4359e-3 1.4359e-3
# 738.8 2.0556e-3 2.0556e-3
# 849.0 2.6720e-3 2.6720e-3
# 959.2 3.2648e-3 3.2648e-3
# 1069.4 3.8299e-3 3.8299e-3
# 1179.6 4.3789e-3 4.3789e-3
# 1289.8 4.9590e-3 4.9590e-3
# 1400.0 5.5100e-3 5.5100e-3
[GlobalParams]
displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
[]
[Mesh]
[mesh]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 3
[]
[]
[Variables]
[disp_x]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
[]
[disp_y]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
[]
[disp_z]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
[]
[]
[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
[all]
strain = finite
eigenstrain_names = thermal_eigenstrain
[]
[]
[AuxVariables]
[temp]
order = FIRST
family = LAGRANGE
initial_condition = 298.0
[]
[total_strain_xx]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[]
[BCs]
[left]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_x
boundary = left
value = 0.0
[]
[bottom]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_y
boundary = bottom
value = 0.0
[]
[back]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_z
boundary = back
value = 0.0
[]
[]
[AuxKernels]
[temp]
type = FunctionAux
variable = temp
block = 0
function = temp_func
execute_on = 'initial linear'
[]
[total_strain]
type = RankTwoAux
variable = total_strain_xx
rank_two_tensor = total_strain
block = 0
index_i = 0
index_j = 0
[]
[]
[Materials]
[elasticity_tensor]
type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
block = 0
youngs_modulus = 4.6e11
poissons_ratio = 0.21
[]
[stress]
type = ComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
block = 0
[]
[thermal_eigenstrain]
type = MonolithicSiCThermalExpansionEigenstrain
block = 0
temperature = temp
stress_free_temperature = 298.0
eigenstrain_name = thermal_eigenstrain
[]
[]
[Functions]
[temp_func]
type = PiecewiseLinear
xy_data = '0 298.0
1 1400.0'
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[temperature]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 0
variable = temp
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[total_strain]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 0
variable = total_strain_xx
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
solve_type = PJFNK
l_max_its = 100
l_tol = 1e-4
nl_abs_tol = 1e-10
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
start_time = 0.0
end_time = 1.0
dt = 0.1
[]
[Outputs]
exodus = true
[]
(examples/TRISO/parfume/parfume_un.i)
# UN TRISO particle using several PARFUME models
[GlobalParams]
order = SECOND
family = LAGRANGE
displacements = 'disp_x'
initial_enrichment = 0.1955 # [wt-]
flux_conversion_factor = 1.0 # convert E>0.10 to E>0.18 MeV
stress_free_temperature = 923.15 # used for thermal expansion
energy_per_fission = 3.204e-11 # [J/fission]
O_U = 1.5 # Initial Oxygen to Uranium atom ratio
C_U = 0.4 # Initial Carbon to Uranium atom ratio
[]
[Mesh]
coord_type = RSPHERICAL
[gen]
type = TRISO1DMeshGenerator
elem_type = EDGE3
coordinates = '0 2.125e-4 3.125e-4 3.125e-4 3.525e-4 3.875e-4 4.275e-4'
mesh_density = '6 6 0 6 8 6'
block_names = 'fuel buffer IPyC SiC OPyC'
[]
[]
[Problem]
type = ReferenceResidualProblem
reference_vector = 'ref'
extra_tag_vectors = 'ref'
[]
[UserObjects]
[particle_geometry]
type = TRISOGeometry
[]
[]
[Variables]
[temperature]
initial_condition = 923.15
[]
[conc]
initial_condition = 0.0
scaling = 1e18
[]
[]
[AuxVariables]
[disp_y]
[]
[disp_z]
[]
[fission_rate]
block = fuel
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[burnup]
block = fuel
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[fast_neutron_flux]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[fast_neutron_fluence]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[gap_condSlave]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[density]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[thermal_conductivity]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[swelling]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[specific_heat]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[volumetric_IIDC_strain]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[radial_IIDC_strain]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[tangential_IIDC_strain]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[BAF]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[fis_gas_produced]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[fis_gas_released]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[gap_HTC]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[gap_distance]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[]
[Functions]
[power_history]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 76e6 76.001e6'
y = '1 1 0'
[]
[fission_rate]
type = LinearCombinationFunction
functions = power_history
w = 3.89e19
[]
[temp_bc]
type = PiecewiseLinear
# A final temperature ramp is not possible with the UNThermal model since
# its range of applicability ends at 1800 K
# To use the model beyond its limit but get a warning, add
# value_range_behavior = WARN in the GlobalParams block.
x = '0 76e6 76.001e6 84.641e6 84.6482e6'
y = '1500 1500 300 300 2073'
[]
[k_function]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 200e6'
y = '4e-37 4e-37'
[]
[d1_function]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'exp(t/4.5e25)'
[]
[d_gap]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '1500 2100'
y = '1e-14 1e-12'
[]
[]
[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
[fuel]
block = fuel
add_variables = true
strain = FINITE
incremental = true
generate_output = 'hydrostatic_stress stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
eigenstrain_names = 'UN_swelling_eigenstrain UN_thermal_strain'
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[buffer]
block = buffer
add_variables = true
strain = FINITE
incremental = true
generate_output = 'hydrostatic_stress stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
eigenstrain_names = 'buffer_IIDC_strain buffer_thermal_strain'
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[IPyC]
block = IPyC
add_variables = true
strain = FINITE
incremental = true
generate_output = 'hydrostatic_stress stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
eigenstrain_names = 'IPyC_IIDC_strain IPyC_thermal_strain'
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[SiC]
block = SiC
add_variables = true
strain = FINITE
incremental = true
generate_output = 'hydrostatic_stress stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
eigenstrain_names = 'SiC_thermal_eigenstrain'
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[OPyC]
block = OPyC
add_variables = true
strain = FINITE
incremental = true
generate_output = 'hydrostatic_stress stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
eigenstrain_names = 'OPyC_IIDC_strain OPyC_thermal_strain'
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[]
[Kernels]
[heat_ie]
type = HeatConductionTimeDerivative
variable = temperature
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[heat]
type = HeatConduction
variable = temperature
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[heat_source]
type = NeutronHeatSource
variable = temperature
block = fuel
fission_rate = fission_rate
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[mass_ie]
type = TimeDerivative
variable = conc
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[mass]
type = ArrheniusDiffusion
variable = conc
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[mass_source]
type = BodyForce
variable = conc
function = power_history
value = 1.22e-5 # units of mol/m**3-s
block = fuel
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[mass_decay]
type = Decay
variable = conc
radioactive_decay_constant = 7.297e-10 # units:(1/sec) The constant for Cesium
extra_vector_tags = 'ref'
[]
[]
[AuxKernels]
[fissionrate]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = fission_rate
property = fission_rate
block = fuel
execute_on = timestep_begin
[]
[burnup]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = burnup
property = burnup
block = fuel
execute_on = timestep_begin
[]
[fast_neutron_flux]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = fast_neutron_flux
property = fast_neutron_flux
block = 'fuel buffer IPyC SiC OPyC'
execute_on = timestep_begin
[]
[fast_neutron_fluence]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = fast_neutron_fluence
property = fast_neutron_fluence
block = 'fuel buffer IPyC SiC OPyC'
execute_on = timestep_begin
[]
[conductanceSlave]
type = MaterialRealAux
property = gap_conductance
variable = gap_condSlave
boundary = buffer_outer_boundary
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[density]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = density
property = density
block = 'fuel buffer IPyC SiC OPyC'
execute_on = 'initial linear'
[]
[thermal_conductivity]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = thermal_conductivity
property = thermal_conductivity
block = 'fuel buffer IPyC SiC OPyC'
execute_on = timestep_end
[]
[specific_heat]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = specific_heat
property = specific_heat
block = 'fuel buffer IPyC SiC OPyC'
execute_on = timestep_end
[]
[swelling]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = swelling
property = swelling
block = fuel
execute_on = linear
[]
[volumetric_IIDC_strain]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = volumetric_IIDC_strain
property = volumetric_IIDC_strain
block = 'IPyC OPyC'
execute_on = timestep_end
[]
[radial_IIDC_strain]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = radial_IIDC_strain
property = radial_IIDC_strain
block = 'IPyC OPyC'
execute_on = timestep_end
[]
[tangential_IIDC_strain]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = tangential_IIDC_strain
property = tangential_IIDC_strain
block = 'IPyC OPyC'
execute_on = timestep_end
[]
[BAF]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = BAF
property = BAF
block = 'IPyC OPyC'
execute_on = timestep_end
[]
[fis_gas_produced]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = fis_gas_produced
property = fis_gas_produced
block = fuel
execute_on = linear
[]
[fis_gas_released]
type = MaterialRealAux
variable = fis_gas_released
property = fis_gas_released
block = fuel
execute_on = linear
[]
[gap_HTC]
type = MaterialRealAux
property = gap_conductance
variable = gap_HTC
boundary = buffer_outer_boundary
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[gap_distance]
type = PenetrationAux
variable = gap_distance
boundary = buffer_outer_boundary
paired_boundary = IPyC_inner_boundary
quantity = distance
tangential_tolerance = 1e-6
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[]
[Contact]
[mechanical]
primary = IPyC_inner_boundary
secondary = buffer_outer_boundary
penalty = 1e5
model = frictionless
formulation = kinematic
[]
[]
[ThermalContact]
[thermal_contact]
type = GasGapHeatTransfer
variable = temperature
primary = IPyC_inner_boundary
secondary = buffer_outer_boundary
initial_moles = initial_moles # coupling to a postprocessor which supplies the initial plenum/gap gas mass
initial_gas_types = 'Kr Xe'
initial_fractions = '0.185 0.815'
gas_released = 'fis_gas_released'
released_gas_types = 'Kr Xe'
released_fractions = '0.185 0.815'
tangential_tolerance = 1e-6
roughness_primary = 0e-6
roughness_secondary = 0e-6
jumpdistance_primary = 0
jumpdistance_secondary = 0
quadrature = true
emissivity_secondary = 0.0
emissivity_primary = 0.0
min_gap = 1e-7
max_gap = 50e-6
gap_geometry_type = sphere
[]
[cesium_contact]
type = GapHeatTransfer
variable = conc
primary = IPyC_inner_boundary
secondary = buffer_outer_boundary
tangential_tolerance = 1e-6
gap_conductivity_function = d_gap
gap_conductivity_function_variable = temperature
appended_property_name = _conc
quadrature = true
gap_geometry_type = sphere
emissivity_primary = 0.0
emissivity_secondary = 0.0
min_gap = 1e-7
[]
[]
[BCs]
# pin particle along symmetry planes
[no_disp_x]
type = DirichletBC
variable = disp_x
boundary = xzero
value = 0.0
[]
# fix temperature on free surface
[freesurf_temp]
type = FunctionDirichletBC
variable = temperature
function = temp_bc
boundary = exterior
[]
# fix concentration on free surface
[freesurf_conc]
type = DirichletBC
variable = conc
boundary = exterior
value = 0.0
[]
# exterior and internal pressures
[exterior_pressure_x]
type = Pressure
variable = disp_x
boundary = exterior
factor = 0.1e6
[]
[PlenumPressure] # apply gas pressure on buffer and IPyC boundaries
[plenumPressure]
boundary = buffer_IPyC_boundary
initial_pressure = 100.0
startup_time = 0
R = 8.3145
output_initial_moles = initial_moles
temperature = ave_gas_temp
volume = 'gap_volume buffer_void_volume kernel_void_volume'
material_input = 'fis_gas_released'
output = gas_pressure
[]
[]
[]
[Materials]
[fission_rate]
type = GenericFunctionMaterial
prop_names = fission_rate
prop_values = fission_rate
[]
[fast_neutron_flux]
type = FastNeutronFlux
calculate_fluence = true
flux_function = power_history
factor = 5e17
[]
[normal_vectors_triso]
type = NormalVectorsTRISO
block = 'buffer IPyC OPyC'
[]
### UN properties
[UN_burnup]
type = TRISOBurnup
initial_density = 13760.0
kernel_type = UN
[]
[UN_thermal]
type = MNThermal
block = fuel
temperature = temperature
formulation = COLLIN_BAUER
[]
[UN_elasticity_tensor]
type = UNElasticityTensor
block = fuel
temperature = temperature
[]
[UN_stress]
type = ComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
block = fuel
[]
[UN_VolumetricSwellingEigenstrain]
type = BurnupDependentEigenstrain
block = fuel
swelling_name = swelling
eigenstrain_name = UN_swelling_eigenstrain
swelling_factor = 0.8
[]
[UN_thermal_strain]
type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
block = fuel
thermal_expansion_coeff = 10e-6 # check this value for UN
eigenstrain_name = UN_thermal_strain
temperature = temperature
[]
[UN_density]
type = StrainAdjustedDensity
block = fuel
strain_free_density = 13760.0
[]
[fission_gas_release]
type = UNFGR
block = fuel
average_grain_radius = 10e-6
temperature = temperature
triso_geometry = particle_geometry
[]
[fuel_conc]
type = ArrheniusDiffusionCoef
block = fuel
d1 = 5.6e-8 # m^2/s
q1 = 209.0e+3 # J/mol
d2 = 5.2e-4 # m^2/s
q2 = 362.0e+3 # J/mol
temperature = temperature
[]
### Buffer Properties
[buffer_elasticity_tensor]
type = BufferElasticityTensor
block = buffer
temperature = temperature
[]
[buffer_stress]
type = BufferCEGACreep
block = buffer
temperature = temperature
[]
[buffer_thermal]
type = BufferThermal
block = buffer
initial_density = 1050.0
[]
[buffer_density]
type = StrainAdjustedDensity
block = buffer
strain_free_density = 1050.0
[]
[buffer_thermal_strain]
type = BufferThermalExpansionEigenstrain
block = buffer
eigenstrain_name = buffer_thermal_strain
temperature = temperature
[]
[buffer_IIDC_strain]
type = BufferCEGAIrradiationEigenstrain
block = buffer
eigenstrain_name = buffer_IIDC_strain
temperature = temperature
[]
[buffer_conc]
type = ArrheniusDiffusionCoef
block = buffer
d1 = 1.0e-12 # m^2/s
q1 = 0.0
d2 = 0.0
q2 = 0.0
temperature = temperature
[]
### IPyC properties
[IPyC_elasticity_tensor]
type = PyCElasticityTensor
block = IPyC
temperature = temperature
initial_BAF = 1.045
poissons_ratio = 0.23
[]
[IPyC_stress]
type = PyCCEGACreep
block = IPyC
temperature = temperature
[]
[IPyC_thermal]
type = HeatConductionMaterial
block = IPyC
thermal_conductivity = 4.0
specific_heat = 720.0
[]
[IPyC_density]
type = GenericConstantMaterial
block = IPyC
prop_names = 'density'
prop_values = 1900.0
[]
[IPyC_IIDC_strain]
type = PyCCEGAIrradiationEigenstrain
block = IPyC
eigenstrain_name = IPyC_IIDC_strain
temperature = temperature
[]
[BAF_IPyC]
type = BaconAnisotropyFactor
initial_BAF = 1.045
block = IPyC
[]
[BAF_OPyC]
type = BaconAnisotropyFactor
initial_BAF = 1.045
block = OPyC
[]
[IPyC_thermal_strain]
type = PyCThermalExpansionEigenstrain
block = IPyC
eigenstrain_name = IPyC_thermal_strain
temperature = temperature
[]
[IPyC_conc]
type = ArrheniusDiffusionCoef
block = IPyC
d1 = 6.3e-8 # m^2/s
q1 = 222.0e+3 # J/mol
d2 = 0.0
q2 = 0.0
temperature = temperature
[]
### SiC properties
[SiC_elasticity_tensor]
type = MonolithicSiCElasticityTensor
block = SiC
temperature = temperature
elastic_modulus_model = miller
[]
[SiC_stress]
type = ComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
block = SiC
[]
[SiC_thermal]
type = MonolithicSiCThermal
block = SiC
temperature = temperature
thermal_conductivity_model = miller
[]
[SiC_density]
type = GenericConstantMaterial
block = SiC
prop_names = 'density'
prop_values = 3200.0
[]
[SiC_thermal_strain]
type = MonolithicSiCThermalExpansionEigenstrain
block = SiC
temperature = temperature
eigenstrain_name = SiC_thermal_eigenstrain
[]
[SiC_conc]
type = ArrheniusDiffusionCoef
block = SiC
d1 = 5.5e-14 # m^2/s
d1_function = d1_function
d1_function_variable = fast_neutron_fluence
q1 = 125.0e+3 # J/mol
d2 = 1.6e-2 # m^2/s
q2 = 514.0e+3 # J/mol
temperature = temperature
[]
### OPyC properties
[OPyC_elasticity_tensor]
type = PyCElasticityTensor
block = OPyC
temperature = temperature
initial_BAF = 1.045
poissons_ratio = 0.23
[]
[OPyC_stress]
type = PyCCEGACreep
block = OPyC
temperature = temperature
[]
[OPyC_thermal_conductivity]
type = HeatConductionMaterial
block = OPyC
thermal_conductivity = 4.0
specific_heat = 720.0
[]
[OPyC_density]
type = GenericConstantMaterial
block = OPyC
prop_names = 'density'
prop_values = 1900.0
[]
[OPyC_IIDC_strain]
type = PyCCEGAIrradiationEigenstrain
block = OPyC
eigenstrain_name = OPyC_IIDC_strain
temperature = temperature
[]
[OPyC_thermal_strain]
type = PyCThermalExpansionEigenstrain
block = OPyC
eigenstrain_name = OPyC_thermal_strain
temperature = temperature
[]
[OPyC_conc]
type = ArrheniusDiffusionCoef
block = OPyC
d1 = 6.3e-8 # m^2/s
q1 = 222.0e+3 # J/mol
d2 = 0.0
q2 = 0.0
temperature = temperature
[]
[]
[Dampers]
[temp]
type = MaxIncrement
variable = temperature
max_increment = 50
[]
[disp_x]
type = MaxIncrement
variable = disp_x
max_increment = 1e-6
[]
[]
[Debug]
show_var_residual_norms = true
show_var_residual = 'disp_x temperature conc'
[]
[Preconditioning]
[smp]
type = SMP
full = true
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
solve_type = 'PJFNK'
petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package'
petsc_options_value = 'lu superlu_dist'
line_search = 'none'
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
nl_abs_tol = 1e-7
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 50
start_time = 0.0
end_time = 84.641e6 #85.3682e6
num_steps = 1000
dtmax = 2e6
dtmin = 1
[TimeStepper]
type = IterationAdaptiveDT
dt = 20
growth_factor = 1.5
optimal_iterations = 8 #6
linear_iteration_ratio = 100
time_t = '0 76e6 76.001e6 84.641e6 84.6482e6'
time_dt = '20 20 20 20 20'
[]
[Quadrature]
order = THIRD
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[_dt]
type = TimestepSize
execute_on = timestep_end
[]
[cs_release]
type = SideIntegralMassFlux
variable = conc
boundary = exterior
[]
[int_cs_release]
type = TimeIntegratedPostprocessor
value = cs_release
[]
[cs_release_fuel]
type = SideIntegralMassFlux
variable = conc
boundary = fuel_outer_boundary
[]
[int_cs_release_fuel]
type = TimeIntegratedPostprocessor
value = cs_release_fuel
[]
[cs_release_PyCGapBndry]
type = SideIntegralMassFlux
variable = conc
boundary = IPyC_inner_boundary
[]
[int_cs_release_PyCGapBndry]
type = TimeIntegratedPostprocessor
value = cs_release_PyCGapBndry
[]
[ave_gas_temp]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = buffer
variable = temperature
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[ave_gap_temp]
type = SideAverageValue
boundary = buffer_IPyC_boundary
variable = temperature
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[fis_gas_produced]
type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
mat_prop = fis_gas_produced
block = fuel
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[fis_gas_released]
type = ElementIntegralMaterialProperty
mat_prop = fis_gas_released
block = fuel
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[gap_volume]
type = InternalVolume
boundary = buffer_IPyC_boundary
execute_on = 'initial linear'
use_displaced_mesh = true
[]
[buffer_void_volume]
type = VoidVolume
block = buffer
theoretical_density = 2250
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
use_displaced_mesh = true
[]
[kernel_void_volume]
type = VoidVolume
block = fuel
theoretical_density = 14330
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
use_displaced_mesh = true
[]
[volumeTotal]
type = InternalVolume
boundary = exterior
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
scale_factor = -1
[]
[volumeFuel]
type = InternalVolume
boundary = fuel_outer_boundary
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
scale_factor = -1
[]
[volumeGas]
type = InternalVolume
boundary = buffer_outer_boundary
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
scale_factor = -1
addition = 4.67e-11
[]
[volumeBufferShell]
type = InternalVolume
boundary = buffer_outer_boundary
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[ave_temp_interior]
type = SideAverageValue
boundary = buffer_outer_boundary
variable = temperature
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[gap_HTC]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = gap_HTC
block = buffer
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
### Postprocessors for CO production
[total_fission_rate]
type = ElementIntegralPower
variable = temperature
fission_rate = fission_rate
block = fuel
energy_per_fission = 1.0
outputs = exodus
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[total_fissions]
type = TimeIntegratedPostprocessor
value = total_fission_rate
outputs = exodus
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[avg_surface_temp]
type = SideAverageValue
variable = temperature
boundary = exterior
outputs = exodus
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[time_int_surf_temp]
type = TimeIntegratedPostprocessor
value = avg_surface_temp
outputs = exodus
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
##### irradiation conditions
[particle_power]
type = ElementIntegralPower
variable = temperature
use_material_fission_rate = true
fission_rate_material = fission_rate
block = fuel
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[max_fluence]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = fast_neutron_fluence
block = 'fuel buffer IPyC SiC OPyC'
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[max_burnup]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = burnup
block = fuel
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
#### II strain
[OPyC_radial_IIDC_strain]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = radial_IIDC_strain
block = OPyC
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[OPyC_tangential_IIDC_strain]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = tangential_IIDC_strain
block = OPyC
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[IPyC_radial_IIDC_strain]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = radial_IIDC_strain
block = IPyC
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[IPyC_tangential_IIDC_strain]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = tangential_IIDC_strain
block = IPyC
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
#### temperatures
[max_T_kernel]
type = NodalExtremeValue
variable = temperature
block = fuel
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[max_T_buffer]
type = NodalExtremeValue
variable = temperature
block = buffer
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[min_T_buffer]
type = NodalExtremeValue
variable = temperature
block = buffer
value_type = 'min'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[max_T_IPyC]
type = NodalExtremeValue
variable = temperature
block = IPyC
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[max_T_SiC]
type = NodalExtremeValue
variable = temperature
block = SiC
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
#### displacement BCs
[max_disp_kernel]
type = NodalExtremeValue
variable = disp_x
block = fuel
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[min_disp_buffer]
type = NodalExtremeValue
variable = disp_x
block = buffer
value_type = 'min'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[max_disp_IPyC]
type = NodalExtremeValue
variable = disp_x
block = IPyC
value_type = 'max'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
#### hoop stresses
[hoop_opyc_max]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = stress_yy
block = OPyC
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[hoop_sic_max]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = stress_yy
block = SiC
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[hoop_ipyc_max]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = stress_yy
block = IPyC
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[hoop_buffer_max]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = stress_yy
block = buffer
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[hoop_opyc_min]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = stress_yy
block = OPyC
value_type = min
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[hoop_sic_min]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = stress_yy
block = SiC
value_type = min
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[hoop_ipyc_min]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = stress_yy
block = IPyC
value_type = min
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[hoop_buffer_min]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = stress_yy
block = buffer
value_type = min
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
### Check warning for Density
[oPyC_density]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = density
block = OPyC
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[sic_density]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = density
block = SiC
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[IPyC_density]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = density
block = IPyC
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[buffer_density]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = density
block = buffer
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[kernel_density]
type = ElementExtremeValue
variable = density
block = fuel
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[pd_penetration]
type = PdPenetration
boundary = SiC_inner_boundary
variable = temperature
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[]
[Outputs]
print_linear_residuals = true
time_step_interval = 1
exodus = true
csv = true
perf_graph = true
[]