Concrete ASR Microcracking Damage

Scalar damage model based on ASR extent

Description

The ConcreteASRMicrocrackingDamage model computes a scalar damage index that increases with the extent of alkali-silica reaction (ASR) according to the model of Saouma and Perotti (2006): $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-10954905-8c27-41a2-8c4f-0a950944f8b3");katex.render("d^{ASR}(t, \\theta) = (1 - \\beta_E)\\xi^{ASR}(t, \\theta)", element, {displayMode:true,throwOnError:false});$ where $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-b0620881-4148-48f5-bc22-763e705007d7");katex.render("d^{ASR}", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the damage induced by the ASR, $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-91955ba0-42f9-4ec4-95b1-643046740039");katex.render("\\beta_E", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the residual fractional value of the elastic modulus when the concrete has fully reacted, $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-c6213e89-db78-4f08-850e-2a4fd7154232");katex.render("t", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the time, $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-9df8aa76-a9fd-4674-b80f-632f571360ac");katex.render("\\theta", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the temperature, and $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-b39f0ff7-ba3c-4ae0-9026-70a6114e64da");katex.render("\\xi^{ASR}", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ is the extent of ASR reaction, which goes from 0 (no reaction) to 1 (fully reacted). $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-f8cb1181-cd05-48d2-8db6-f1457cb88bf9");katex.render("\\beta_E", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ can be set using the residual_youngs_modulus_fraction input parameter.

Implementation and Usage

This model only computes a scalar damage index, and relies on the ConcreteASREigenstrain model to compute the ASR reaction extent $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-d48ac6e3-048b-4d60-8929-438cb7bdc42e");katex.render("\\xi^{ASR}", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$ , which is stored in a property named ASR_extent, so it must be used in conjunction with that model. In order for the damage to be applied, the stress needs to be computed using a ComputeDamageStress stress calculator.

Example Input Syntax

[Materials<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Materials/index.html"}>>>]
  [ASR_damage_concrete]
    type = ConcreteASRMicrocrackingDamage<<<{"description": "Scalar damage model based on ASR extent", "href": "ConcreteASRMicrocrackingDamage.html"}>>>
    block<<<{"description": "The list of blocks (ids or names) that this object will be applied"}>>> = 1
    residual_youngs_modulus_fraction<<<{"description": "Residual fraction of youngs_modulus at full ASR reaction"}>>> = 0.5
  []
[]

Input Parameters

residual_youngs_modulus_fractionResidual fraction of youngs_modulus at full ASR reaction
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Residual fraction of youngs_modulus at full ASR reaction

Required Parameters

base_nameOptional parameter that allows the user to define multiple mechanics material systems on the same block, i.e. for multiple phases
C++ Type:std::string
Controllable:No
Description:Optional parameter that allows the user to define multiple mechanics material systems on the same block, i.e. for multiple phases
blockThe list of blocks (ids or names) that this object will be applied
C++ Type:std::vector<SubdomainName>
Controllable:No
Description:The list of blocks (ids or names) that this object will be applied
boundaryThe list of boundaries (ids or names) from the mesh where this object applies
C++ Type:std::vector<BoundaryName>
Controllable:No
Description:The list of boundaries (ids or names) from the mesh where this object applies
constant_onNONEWhen ELEMENT, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps.When SUBDOMAIN, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps. Evaluations on element qps will be skipped
Default:NONE
C++ Type:MooseEnum
Options:NONE, ELEMENT, SUBDOMAIN
Controllable:No
Description:When ELEMENT, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps.When SUBDOMAIN, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps. Evaluations on element qps will be skipped
damage_index_namedamage_indexname of the material property where the damage index is stored
Default:damage_index
C++ Type:MaterialPropertyName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:name of the material property where the damage index is stored
declare_suffixAn optional suffix parameter that can be appended to any declared properties. The suffix will be prepended with a '_' character.
C++ Type:MaterialPropertyName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:An optional suffix parameter that can be appended to any declared properties. The suffix will be prepended with a '_' character.
maximum_damage1Maximum value allowed for damage index
Default:1
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Maximum value allowed for damage index
maximum_damage_increment0.1maximum damage increment allowed for simulations with adaptive time step
Default:0.1
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:maximum damage increment allowed for simulations with adaptive time step
residual_stiffness_fraction1e-08Minimum fraction of original material stiffness retained for fully damaged material (when damage_index=1)
Default:1e-08
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Minimum fraction of original material stiffness retained for fully damaged material (when damage_index=1)
use_old_damageFalseWhether to use the damage index from the previous step in the stress computation
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to use the damage index from the previous step in the stress computation

Optional Parameters

control_tagsAdds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:Adds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
enableTrueSet the enabled status of the MooseObject.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:Yes
Description:Set the enabled status of the MooseObject.
implicitTrueDetermines whether this object is calculated using an implicit or explicit form
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Determines whether this object is calculated using an implicit or explicit form
seed0The seed for the master random number generator
Default:0
C++ Type:unsigned int
Controllable:No
Description:The seed for the master random number generator
use_displaced_meshFalseWhether or not this object should use the displaced mesh for computation. Note that in the case this is true but no displacements are provided in the Mesh block the undisplaced mesh will still be used.
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether or not this object should use the displaced mesh for computation. Note that in the case this is true but no displacements are provided in the Mesh block the undisplaced mesh will still be used.

Advanced Parameters

output_propertiesList of material properties, from this material, to output (outputs must also be defined to an output type)
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:List of material properties, from this material, to output (outputs must also be defined to an output type)
outputsnone Vector of output names where you would like to restrict the output of variables(s) associated with this object
Default:none
C++ Type:std::vector<OutputName>
Controllable:No
Description:Vector of output names where you would like to restrict the output of variables(s) associated with this object

Outputs Parameters

prop_getter_suffixAn optional suffix parameter that can be appended to any attempt to retrieve/get material properties. The suffix will be prepended with a '_' character.
C++ Type:MaterialPropertyName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:An optional suffix parameter that can be appended to any attempt to retrieve/get material properties. The suffix will be prepended with a '_' character.
use_interpolated_stateFalseFor the old and older state use projected material properties interpolated at the quadrature points. To set up projection use the ProjectedStatefulMaterialStorageAction.
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:For the old and older state use projected material properties interpolated at the quadrature points. To set up projection use the ProjectedStatefulMaterialStorageAction.

Material Property Retrieval Parameters

References

Victor Saouma and Luigi Perotti. Constitutive model for alkali-aggregate reactions. ACI Materials Journal, 2006. doi:10.14359/15853.

@article{saouma_constitutive_2006,
    Author = "Saouma, Victor and Perotti, Luigi",
    Doi = "10.14359/15853",
    Journal = "ACI Materials Journal",
    Language = "en",
    Number = "3",
    Title = "Constitutive Model for Alkali-Aggregate Reactions",
    Volume = "103",
    Year = "2006"
}

(blackbear/test/tests/concrete_ASR_swelling/asr_confined.i)

[GlobalParams]
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y'
  volumetric_locking_correction = true
[]

[Mesh]
  file = mesh_contact_strip.e
  coord_type = RZ
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [./SMP]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  [../]
[]

[AuxVariables]
  [./T]
    order = FIRST
    family = LAGRANGE
    initial_condition = 35.0
  [../]

  [./ASR_ex]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
    block = 1
  [../]

  [./ASR_vstrain]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./ASR_strain_xx]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
    block = 1
  [../]
  [./ASR_strain_yy]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
    block = 1
  [../]
  [./ASR_strain_zz]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
    block = 1
  [../]
  [./ASR_strain_xy]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
    block = 1
  [../]
  [./ASR_strain_yz]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
    block = 1
  [../]
  [./ASR_strain_zx]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
    block = 1
  [../]

  [./total_strain_zz]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./total_strain_xx]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./total_strain_yy]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
[]

[Physics/SolidMechanics/QuasiStatic]
  [./concrete]
    block = 1
    strain = FINITE
    add_variables = true
    eigenstrain_names = 'thermal_expansion asr_expansion'
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz stress_xy stress_yz stress_zx'
  [../]
  [./steel]
    block = 2
    strain = FINITE
    add_variables = true
    eigenstrain_names = 'thermal_expansion'
    generate_output = 'stress_xx stress_yy stress_zz stress_xy stress_yz stress_zx'
  [../]
[]

[Contact]
  [./leftright]
    primary = 6
    secondary = 5
    model = frictionless
    tangential_tolerance = 5e-4
    penalty = 1.0e12
    normalize_penalty = true
  [../]
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [./ASR_ex]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    variable = ASR_ex
    block = 1
    property = ASR_extent
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./ASR_vstrain]
    type = MaterialRealAux
    block = 1
    variable = ASR_vstrain
    property = ASR_volumetric_strain
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  [../]

  [./ASR_strain_xx]
    type = RankTwoAux
    block = 1
    rank_two_tensor = asr_expansion
    variable = ASR_strain_xx
    index_i = 0
    index_j = 0
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./ASR_strain_yy]
    type = RankTwoAux
    block = 1
    rank_two_tensor = asr_expansion
    variable = ASR_strain_yy
    index_i = 1
    index_j = 1
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./ASR_strain_zz]
    type = RankTwoAux
    block = 1
    rank_two_tensor = asr_expansion
    variable = ASR_strain_zz
    index_i = 2
    index_j = 2
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  [../]

  [./ASR_strain_xy]
    type = RankTwoAux
    block = 1
    rank_two_tensor = asr_expansion
    variable = ASR_strain_xy
    index_i = 0
    index_j = 1
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  [../]

  [./ASR_strain_yz]
    type = RankTwoAux
    block = 1
    rank_two_tensor = asr_expansion
    variable = ASR_strain_yz
    index_i = 1
    index_j = 2
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  [../]

  [./ASR_strain_zx]
    type = RankTwoAux
    block = 1
    rank_two_tensor = asr_expansion
    variable = ASR_strain_zx
    index_i = 0
    index_j = 2
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  [../]

  [./total_strain_zz]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_strain_zz
    index_i = 2
    index_j = 2
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  [../]

  [./total_strain_yy]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_strain_yy
    index_i = 1
    index_j = 1
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  [../]

  [./total_strain_xx]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_strain_xx
    index_i = 0
    index_j = 0
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  [../]
[]


[Materials]
  [./concreteTH]
    type = ConcreteThermalMoisture
    # setup thermal property models and parameters
    # options available: CONSTANT ASCE-1992 KODUR-2004 EUROCODE-2004 KIM-2003
    thermal_model = CONSTANT
    ref_density = 2250.0         # in kg/m^3
    ref_specific_heat = 1100.0   # in J/(Kg.0C)
    ref_thermal_conductivity = 3 # in W/(m.0C)

    # options available for humidity diffusivity:
    # options: Bazant Mensi Xi
    moisture_model = Bazant
    D1 = 3.0e-12
    n = 16
    critical_relative_humidity = 0.75
    coupled_moisture_diffusivity_factor = 1.0e-3  # factor for mositure diffusivity due to heat

    # coupled nonlinear variables
    temperature = T
    block = '1 2'
  [../]

  [elasticity_concrete]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    block = 1
    youngs_modulus = 37.3e9
    poissons_ratio = 0.22
#    residual_youngs_modulus_fraction = 0.5
  []

  [ASR_damage_concrete]
    type = ConcreteASRMicrocrackingDamage
    block = 1
    residual_youngs_modulus_fraction = 0.5
  []

  [thermal_strain_concrete]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = 1
    temperature = T
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.0e-5
    stress_free_temperature = 35.0
    eigenstrain_name = thermal_expansion
  []

  [stress_concrete]
    type = ComputeDamageStress
    block = 1
    damage_model = ASR_damage_concrete
  []

  [ASR_expansion]
    type = ConcreteASREigenstrain
    block = 1
    expansion_type = Anisotropic

    reference_temperature  = 35.0
    temperature_unit = Celsius
    max_volumetric_expansion = 0.00262

    characteristic_time = 68.9
    latency_time = 111.0
    characteristic_activation_energy = 5400.0
    latency_activation_energy = 9400.0

    compressive_strength = 31.0e6
    expansion_stress_limit = 8.0e6
    tensile_strength = 3.2e6

    stress_latency_factor = 2.3333

    ASR_dependent_tensile_strength = true
    residual_tensile_strength_fraction = 0.5

    temperature = T
    relative_humidity = 0.0
    rh_exponent = 0.0
    eigenstrain_name = asr_expansion
  []

  [elasticity_steel]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    block = 2
    youngs_modulus = 193e9
    poissons_ratio = 0.3
  []

  [thermal_strain_steel]
    type = ComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    block = 2
    temperature = T
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.0e-5
    stress_free_temperature = 35.0
    eigenstrain_name = thermal_expansion
  []

  [stress_steel]
    type = ComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
    block = 2
  []
[]


[BCs]
  [./x_disp]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 1
    value    = 0.0
  [../]
  [./y_disp]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 3
    value    = 0.0
  [../]

  [./axial_load]
    type = NeumannBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 4
    value    = -20e6
  [../]

[]

[Executioner]
  type       = Transient
  solve_type = 'PJFNK'

  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_hypre_type -ksp_gmres_restart -snes_ls -pc_hypre_boomeramg_strong_threshold'
  petsc_options_value = 'hypre boomeramg 201 cubic 0.7'
#  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package -ksp_gmres_restart'
#  petsc_options_value = 'lu       superlu_dist                  101'
#  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -ksp_gmres_restart'
#  petsc_options_value = 'lu       101'

  dt = 100000
  num_steps = 5

  l_max_its  = 50
  l_tol      = 1e-6
  nl_max_its = 10
  nl_rel_tol = 1e-12
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-6
[]

[Outputs]
  file_base      = asr_confined_strip_out
  interval       = 1
  exodus         = true
  perf_graph     = true
  [./Console]
    type = Console
  [../]
[]

Description
Implementation and Usage
Example Input Syntax
Input Parameters
References

Usage

Development

Demonstration