ADWallHTCGnielinskiAnnularMaterial.C

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//* This file is part of the MOOSE framework
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//* https://github.com/idaholab/moose/blob/master/COPYRIGHT
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//* Licensed under LGPL 2.1, please see LICENSE for details
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#include "ADWallHTCGnielinskiAnnularMaterial.h"
#include "SinglePhaseFluidProperties.h"
#include "FlowModelSinglePhase.h"
#include "Numerics.h"

registerMooseObject("ThermalHydraulicsApp", ADWallHTCGnielinskiAnnularMaterial);

InputParameters
ADWallHTCGnielinskiAnnularMaterial::validParams()
{
  InputParameters params = Material::validParams();
  params.addParam<MaterialPropertyName>(
      "htc_wall",
      FlowModelSinglePhase::HEAT_TRANSFER_COEFFICIENT_WALL,
      "Name to give the heat transfer coefficient material property");
  params.addParam<MaterialPropertyName>(
      "rho", FlowModelSinglePhase::DENSITY, "Fluid density material property");
  params.addParam<MaterialPropertyName>(
      "vel", FlowModelSinglePhase::VELOCITY, "Fluid velocity material property");
  params.addParam<MaterialPropertyName>("cp",
                                        FlowModelSinglePhase::SPECIFIC_HEAT_CONSTANT_PRESSURE,
                                        "Fluid isobaric specific heat capacity material property");
  params.addParam<MaterialPropertyName>(
      "mu", FlowModelSinglePhase::DYNAMIC_VISCOSITY, "Fluid dynamic viscosity material property");
  params.addParam<MaterialPropertyName>("k",
                                        FlowModelSinglePhase::THERMAL_CONDUCTIVITY,
                                        "Fluid thermal conductivity material property");
  params.addParam<MaterialPropertyName>(
      "p", FlowModelSinglePhase::PRESSURE, "Fluid pressure material property");
  params.addParam<MaterialPropertyName>(
      "T", FlowModelSinglePhase::TEMPERATURE, "Fluid temperature material property");
  params.addParam<MaterialPropertyName>(
      "T_wall", FlowModel::TEMPERATURE_WALL, "Wall temperature material property");
  params.addRequiredParam<Real>("D_inner", "Inner diameter of the annulus [m]");
  params.addRequiredParam<Real>("D_outer", "Outer diameter of the annulus [m]");
  params.addRequiredParam<Real>("channel_length", "Channel length [m]");
  params.addRequiredParam<bool>("at_inner_wall", "True if heat transfer is at inner wall");
  params.addRequiredParam<bool>("fluid_is_gas", "True if the fluid is a gas");
  params.addParam<Real>("gas_heating_correction_exponent",
                        0,
                        "Exponent for the ratio of bulk fluid temperature to wall temperature for "
                        "the Nusselt number correction factor when heating a gas");
  params.addRequiredParam<UserObjectName>("fluid_properties", "Fluid properties object");

  params.addClassDescription("Computes wall heat transfer coefficient for gases and water in an "
                             "annular flow channel using the Gnielinski correlation");

  return params;
}

ADWallHTCGnielinskiAnnularMaterial::ADWallHTCGnielinskiAnnularMaterial(
    const InputParameters & parameters)
  : Material(parameters),
    _htc_wall(declareADProperty<Real>("htc_wall")),
    _rho(getADMaterialProperty<Real>("rho")),
    _vel(getADMaterialProperty<Real>("vel")),
    _k(getADMaterialProperty<Real>("k")),
    _mu(getADMaterialProperty<Real>("mu")),
    _cp(getADMaterialProperty<Real>("cp")),
    _p(getADMaterialProperty<Real>("p")),
    _T(getADMaterialProperty<Real>("T")),
    _T_wall(getADMaterialProperty<Real>("T_wall")),
    _D_inner(getParam<Real>("D_inner")),
    _D_outer(getParam<Real>("D_outer")),
    _D_h(_D_outer - _D_inner),
    _a(_D_inner / _D_outer),
    _L(getParam<Real>("channel_length")),
    _at_inner_wall(getParam<bool>("at_inner_wall")),
    _fluid_is_gas(getParam<bool>("fluid_is_gas")),
    _n(getParam<Real>("gas_heating_correction_exponent")),
    _provided_gas_heating_correction_exponent(isParamSetByUser("gas_heating_correction_exponent")),
    _fp(getUserObject<SinglePhaseFluidProperties>("fluid_properties"))
{
}

void
ADWallHTCGnielinskiAnnularMaterial::computeQpProperties()
{
  const ADReal Pr = THM::Prandtl(_cp[_qp], _mu[_qp], _k[_qp]);

  ADReal K;
  if (_fluid_is_gas)
  {
    if (_T_wall[_qp] > _T[_qp] && !_provided_gas_heating_correction_exponent)
      mooseError(
          "If wall temperature ever exceeds the fluid temperature, even in iteration, and the "
          "fluid is a gas, then the parameter 'gas_heating_correction_exponent' must be provided.");
    K = std::pow(_T[_qp] / _T_wall[_qp], _n);
  }
  else
  {
    const ADReal cp_wall = _fp.cp_from_p_T(_p[_qp], _T_wall[_qp]);
    const ADReal mu_wall = _fp.mu_from_p_T(_p[_qp], _T_wall[_qp]);
    const ADReal k_wall = _fp.k_from_p_T(_p[_qp], _T_wall[_qp]);
    const ADReal Pr_wall = THM::Prandtl(cp_wall, mu_wall, k_wall);
    K = std::pow(Pr / Pr_wall, 0.11);
  }

  ADReal Re = THM::Reynolds(1.0, _rho[_qp], _vel[_qp], _D_h, _mu[_qp]);
  if (Re < 1e4)
  {
    mooseDoOnce(
        mooseWarning("This material uses a correlation that is valid for Re > 1e4, but the "
                     "material was evaluated with an Re = " +
                     Moose::stringify(MetaPhysicL::raw_value(Re)) +
                     ". This and all subsequent evaluations will be given a lower bound of 1e4."));
    Re = 1e4;
  }
  const ADReal Re_star =
      Re * ((1 + _a * _a) * std::log(_a) + (1 - _a * _a)) / (std::pow(1 - _a, 2) * std::log(_a));

  const ADReal f_ann = std::pow(1.8 * std::log10(Re_star) - 1.5, -2.0);
  const ADReal k1 = 1.07 + 900.0 / Re - 0.63 / (1.0 + 10.0 * Pr);

  ADReal F_ann;
  if (_at_inner_wall)
    F_ann = 0.75 * std::pow(_a, -0.17);
  else
    F_ann = 0.9 - 0.15 * std::pow(_a, 0.6);

  const ADReal Nu = f_ann / 8.0 * Re * Pr /
                    (k1 + 12.7 * std::sqrt(f_ann / 8.0) * (std::pow(Pr, 2.0 / 3.0) - 1.0)) *
                    (1.0 + std::pow(_D_h / _L, 2.0 / 3.0)) * F_ann * K;

  _htc_wall[_qp] = THM::wallHeatTransferCoefficient(Nu, _k[_qp], _D_h);
}