WCNSLinearFVTurbulencePhysics / Navier Stokes Turbulence

Define a turbulence model for an incompressible or weakly-compressible Navier Stokes flow with a linear finite volume discretization

K-Epsilon turbulence model

The WCNSLinearFVTurbulencePhysics can be set to create the standard k-epsilon two-equation model.

The turbulent viscosity is then computed with a kEpsilonViscosityAux.

The k (turbulent kinetic energy, TKE) equation is created with:

a LinearFVTimeDerivative for the time derivative if simulating a transient
a LinearFVTurbulentAdvection for the turbulent kinetic energy advection term
a LinearFVTurbulentDiffusion for the turbulent kinetic energy diffusion term
a LinearFVTKESourceSink for the turbulent kinetic energy source and dissipation (sink) terms

The epsilon (turbulent kinetic energy dissipation, TKED) equation is created with:

a LinearFVTimeDerivative for the time derivative if simulating a transient
a LinearFVTurbulentAdvection for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate advection term
a LinearFVTurbulentDiffusion for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate diffusion term
a LinearFVTKEDSourceSink for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate source and removal (sink) terms

The boundary conditions are not set in this object for the TKE and TKED variables, as they are computed by the wall-functions in the relevant kernels. A boundary condition is set for the turbulent viscosity when using an auxiliary variable, with a LinearFVTurbulentViscosityWallFunctionBC.

Coupling with other Physics

A turbulence model can be added to a heat advection solve by using both a WCNSLinearFVTurbulencePhysics and a Navier Stokes Fluid Heat Transfer / WCNSLinearFVFluidHeatTransferPhysics. The following input performs this coupling for incompressible flow for the standard k-epsilon turbulence model in a 2D channel.

warning:Temperature wall functions

The temperature wall functions have not been implemented for any turbulence model in the linear finite volume discretization.

[Physics<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Physics/index.html"}>>>]
  [NavierStokes<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Physics/NavierStokes/index.html"}>>>]
    [FlowSegregated<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Physics/NavierStokes/FlowSegregated/index.html"}>>>]
      [flow]
        velocity_variable<<<{"description": "If supplied, the system checks for available velocity variables. Otherwise, they are created within the action."}>>> = 'vel_x vel_y'
        pressure_variable<<<{"description": "If supplied, the system checks for available pressure variable. Otherwise, it is created within the action."}>>> = 'pressure'

        # Initial conditions
        initial_velocity<<<{"description": "The initial velocity, assumed constant everywhere"}>>> = '${bulk_u} 0 0'
        initial_pressure<<<{"description": "The initial pressure, assumed constant everywhere"}>>> = '1e-8'

        # Material properties
        density<<<{"description": "The name of the density. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${rho}
        dynamic_viscosity<<<{"description": "The name of the dynamic viscosity. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${mu}

        # Boundary conditions
        inlet_boundaries<<<{"description": "Names of inlet boundaries"}>>> = 'left'
        momentum_inlet_types<<<{"description": "Types of inlet boundaries for the momentum equation."}>>> = 'fixed-velocity'
        momentum_inlet_functors<<<{"description": "Functions for inlet boundary velocities or pressures (for fixed-pressure option). Provide a double vector where the leading dimension corresponds to the number of fixed-velocity and fixed-pressure entries in momentum_inlet_types and the second index runs either over dimensions for fixed-velocity boundaries or is a single function name for pressure inlets. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = '${bulk_u} 0'

        wall_boundaries<<<{"description": "Names of wall boundaries"}>>> = 'top bottom'
        momentum_wall_types<<<{"description": "Types of wall boundaries for the momentum equation"}>>> = 'noslip noslip'

        outlet_boundaries<<<{"description": "Names of outlet boundaries"}>>> = 'right'
        momentum_outlet_types<<<{"description": "Types of outlet boundaries for the momentum equation"}>>> = 'fixed-pressure'
        pressure_functors<<<{"description": "Functions for boundary pressures at outlets. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = '0'

        # Numerical parameters
        include_deviatoric_stress = true
        orthogonality_correction = false
        pressure_two_term_bc_expansion<<<{"description": "If a two-term Taylor expansion is needed for the determination of the boundary valuesof the pressure."}>>> = false
        momentum_two_term_bc_expansion<<<{"description": "If a two-term Taylor expansion is needed for the determination of the boundary valuesof the velocity/momentum."}>>> = false
        momentum_advection_interpolation<<<{"description": "The numerical scheme to use for interpolating momentum/velocity, as an advected quantity, to the face."}>>> = ${advected_interp_method}
        system_names<<<{"description": "Name of the solver system(s) for the variables. If a single name is specified, that system is used for all solver variables."}>>> = 'u_system v_system pressure_system'
      []
    []
    [FluidHeatTransferSegregated<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Physics/NavierStokes/FluidHeatTransferSegregated/index.html"}>>>]
      [energy]
        # turbulence Physics coupling picked up automatically
        initial_temperature<<<{"description": "The initial temperature, assumed constant everywhere"}>>> = 0

        thermal_conductivity<<<{"description": "The name of the fluid thermal conductivity for each block. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = 1.1
        specific_heat<<<{"description": "The name of the specific heat. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${cp}

        energy_inlet_types<<<{"description": "Types for the inlet boundaries for the energy equation."}>>> = 'fixed-temperature'
        energy_inlet_functors<<<{"description": "Functions for fixed-value boundaries in the energy equation. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = '0'
        energy_wall_types<<<{"description": "Types for the wall boundaries for the energy equation."}>>> = 'heatflux heatflux'
        energy_wall_functors<<<{"description": "Functions for Dirichlet/Neumann boundaries in the energy equation. For wall types requiring multiple functions, the syntax is <function_1>:<function_2>:... So, 'convection' types are '<Tinf_function>:<htc_function>'. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = '0 0'

        external_heat_source<<<{"description": "The name of a functor which contains the external heat source for the energy equation. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = '${q}'
      []
    []
    [TurbulenceSegregated<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Physics/NavierStokes/TurbulenceSegregated/index.html"}>>>]
      [k-epsilon]
        # Model
        turbulence_handling<<<{"description": "The way turbulent diffusivities are determined in the turbulent regime."}>>> = 'k-epsilon'
        tke_name<<<{"description": "Name of the turbulent kinetic energy variable. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = TKE
        tked_name<<<{"description": "Name of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation variable. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = TKED
        system_names<<<{"description": "Names of the linear solver systems for each equation. Default is set for K-Epsilon and should be adapted for other models"}>>> = 'TKE_system TKED_system'
        fluid_heat_transfer_physics<<<{"description": "WCNS(Linear)FVFluidHeatTransferPhysics generating the heat advection equations"}>>> = energy

        initial_tke<<<{"description": "Initial value for the turbulence kinetic energy"}>>> = ${k_init}
        initial_tked<<<{"description": "Initial value for the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation"}>>> = ${eps_init}

        # Model parameters
        mu_t_ratio_max<<<{"description": "Maximum allowable mu_t_ratio : mu/mu_t."}>>> = 1e20
        sigma_k<<<{"description": "Scaling coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy diffusion term. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${sigma_k}
        sigma_eps<<<{"description": "Scaling coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation diffusion term. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${sigma_eps}
        C_pl<<<{"description": "Production Limiter Constant Multiplier."}>>> = 1e10
        C1_eps<<<{"description": "C1 coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation equation. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${C1_eps}
        C2_eps<<<{"description": "C2 coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation equation. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${C2_eps}
        Pr_t<<<{"description": "Turbulent Prandtl number. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = 0.9

        k_t_as_aux_variable<<<{"description": "Whether to use an auxiliary variable for the turbulent conductivity"}>>> = true
        turbulence_walls<<<{"description": "Walls where the mixing length model should be utilized."}>>> = ${walls}
        wall_treatment_eps<<<{"description": "The method used for computing the epsilon wall functions and the turbulence viscosity wall functions"}>>> = ${wall_treatment}
        bulk_wall_treatment<<<{"description": "Whether to treat the wall cell as bulk"}>>> = ${bulk_wall_treatment}
        use_nonorthogonal_correction<<<{"description": "Whether to use a non-orthogonal correction. This can potentially slow down convergence , but reduces numerical dispersion on non-orthogonal meshes. Can be safely turned off on orthogonal meshes."}>>> = false
      []
    []
  []
[]

A turbulence model can be added to a scalar advection solve by using both a WCNSLinearFVTurbulencePhysics and a Navier Stokes Scalar Transport Segregated / WCNSLinearFVScalarTransportPhysics. The following input performs this coupling for incompressible flow for the mixing length turbulence model in a 2D channel.

[Physics<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Physics/index.html"}>>>]
  [NavierStokes<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Physics/NavierStokes/index.html"}>>>]
    [FlowSegregated<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Physics/NavierStokes/FlowSegregated/index.html"}>>>]
      [flow]
        velocity_variable<<<{"description": "If supplied, the system checks for available velocity variables. Otherwise, they are created within the action."}>>> = 'vel_x vel_y'
        pressure_variable<<<{"description": "If supplied, the system checks for available pressure variable. Otherwise, it is created within the action."}>>> = 'pressure'

        # Initial conditions
        initial_velocity<<<{"description": "The initial velocity, assumed constant everywhere"}>>> = '${bulk_u} 0 0'
        initial_pressure<<<{"description": "The initial pressure, assumed constant everywhere"}>>> = '1e-8'

        # Material properties
        density<<<{"description": "The name of the density. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${rho}
        dynamic_viscosity<<<{"description": "The name of the dynamic viscosity. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${mu}

        # Boundary conditions
        inlet_boundaries<<<{"description": "Names of inlet boundaries"}>>> = 'left'
        momentum_inlet_types<<<{"description": "Types of inlet boundaries for the momentum equation."}>>> = 'fixed-velocity'
        momentum_inlet_functors<<<{"description": "Functions for inlet boundary velocities or pressures (for fixed-pressure option). Provide a double vector where the leading dimension corresponds to the number of fixed-velocity and fixed-pressure entries in momentum_inlet_types and the second index runs either over dimensions for fixed-velocity boundaries or is a single function name for pressure inlets. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = '${bulk_u} 0'

        wall_boundaries<<<{"description": "Names of wall boundaries"}>>> = 'top bottom'
        momentum_wall_types<<<{"description": "Types of wall boundaries for the momentum equation"}>>> = 'noslip noslip'

        outlet_boundaries<<<{"description": "Names of outlet boundaries"}>>> = 'right'
        momentum_outlet_types<<<{"description": "Types of outlet boundaries for the momentum equation"}>>> = 'fixed-pressure'
        pressure_functors<<<{"description": "Functions for boundary pressures at outlets. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = '0'

        # Numerical parameters
        include_deviatoric_stress = true
        orthogonality_correction = false
        pressure_two_term_bc_expansion<<<{"description": "If a two-term Taylor expansion is needed for the determination of the boundary valuesof the pressure."}>>> = false
        momentum_two_term_bc_expansion<<<{"description": "If a two-term Taylor expansion is needed for the determination of the boundary valuesof the velocity/momentum."}>>> = false
        momentum_advection_interpolation<<<{"description": "The numerical scheme to use for interpolating momentum/velocity, as an advected quantity, to the face."}>>> = ${advected_interp_method}
        system_names<<<{"description": "Name of the solver system(s) for the variables. If a single name is specified, that system is used for all solver variables."}>>> = 'u_system v_system pressure_system'
      []
    []
    [ScalarTransportSegregated<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Physics/NavierStokes/ScalarTransportSegregated/index.html"}>>>]
      [scalar]
        # turbulence Physics coupling picked up automatically
        passive_scalar_names<<<{"description": "Vector containing the names of the advected scalar variables."}>>> = 'advected_scalar'

        passive_scalar_inlet_types<<<{"description": "Types for the inlet boundaries for the passive scalar equation."}>>> = 'fixed-value'
        passive_scalar_inlet_functors<<<{"description": "Functors for inlet boundaries in the passive scalar equations. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = '0'

        passive_scalar_source<<<{"description": "Passive scalar sources. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = '${qs}'
        system_names<<<{"description": "Name of the solver system(s) for the variables. If a single name is specified, that system is used for all solver variables."}>>> = 'scalar_system'
      []
    []
    [TurbulenceSegregated<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Physics/NavierStokes/TurbulenceSegregated/index.html"}>>>]
      [k-epsilon]
        # Model
        turbulence_handling<<<{"description": "The way turbulent diffusivities are determined in the turbulent regime."}>>> = 'k-epsilon'
        tke_name<<<{"description": "Name of the turbulent kinetic energy variable. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = TKE
        tked_name<<<{"description": "Name of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation variable. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = TKED
        system_names<<<{"description": "Names of the linear solver systems for each equation. Default is set for K-Epsilon and should be adapted for other models"}>>> = 'TKE_system TKED_system'
        scalar_transport_physics<<<{"description": "WCNS(Linear)FVScalarTransportPhysics generating the scalar advection equations"}>>> = scalar

        initial_tke<<<{"description": "Initial value for the turbulence kinetic energy"}>>> = ${k_init}
        initial_tked<<<{"description": "Initial value for the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation"}>>> = ${eps_init}

        # Model parameters
        mu_t_ratio_max<<<{"description": "Maximum allowable mu_t_ratio : mu/mu_t."}>>> = 1e20
        sigma_k<<<{"description": "Scaling coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy diffusion term. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${sigma_k}
        sigma_eps<<<{"description": "Scaling coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation diffusion term. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${sigma_eps}
        C_pl<<<{"description": "Production Limiter Constant Multiplier."}>>> = 1e10
        C1_eps<<<{"description": "C1 coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation equation. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${C1_eps}
        C2_eps<<<{"description": "C2 coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation equation. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number."}>>> = ${C2_eps}
        Sc_t<<<{"description": "Turbulent Schmidt numbers used for the passive scalar fields."}>>> = 0.9

        turbulence_walls<<<{"description": "Walls where the mixing length model should be utilized."}>>> = ${walls}
        wall_treatment_eps<<<{"description": "The method used for computing the epsilon wall functions and the turbulence viscosity wall functions"}>>> = ${wall_treatment}
        bulk_wall_treatment<<<{"description": "Whether to treat the wall cell as bulk"}>>> = ${bulk_wall_treatment}
        use_nonorthogonal_correction<<<{"description": "Whether to use a non-orthogonal correction. This can potentially slow down convergence , but reduces numerical dispersion on non-orthogonal meshes. Can be safely turned off on orthogonal meshes."}>>> = false
      []
    []
  []
[]

Input Parameters

C_pl10Production Limiter Constant Multiplier.
Default:10
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Production Limiter Constant Multiplier.
Pr_tPr_tTurbulent Prandtl number. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
Default:Pr_t
C++ Type:MooseFunctorName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Turbulent Prandtl number. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
blockBlocks (subdomains) that this Physics is active on.
C++ Type:std::vector<SubdomainName>
Controllable:No
Description:Blocks (subdomains) that this Physics is active on.
initial_mu_tInitial value for the turbulence viscosity
C++ Type:FunctionName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Initial value for the turbulence viscosity
mu_t_ratio_max100000Maximum allowable mu_t_ratio : mu/mu_t.
Default:100000
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Maximum allowable mu_t_ratio : mu/mu_t.
output_mu_tTrueWhether to add mu_t to the field outputs
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to add mu_t to the field outputs
tke_advection_interpolationupwindThe numerical scheme to interpolate the TKE to the face when in the advection kernel.
Default:upwind
C++ Type:MooseEnum
Options:average, upwind
Controllable:No
Description:The numerical scheme to interpolate the TKE to the face when in the advection kernel.
tke_nametkeName of the turbulent kinetic energy variable. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
Default:tke
C++ Type:MooseFunctorName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Name of the turbulent kinetic energy variable. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
tked_advection_interpolationupwindThe numerical scheme to interpolate the TKED to the face when in the advection kernel.
Default:upwind
C++ Type:MooseEnum
Options:average, upwind
Controllable:No
Description:The numerical scheme to interpolate the TKED to the face when in the advection kernel.
tked_nameepsilonName of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation variable. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
Default:epsilon
C++ Type:MooseFunctorName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Name of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation variable. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
transientsame_as_problemWhether the physics is to be solved as a transient
Default:same_as_problem
C++ Type:MooseEnum
Options:true, false, same_as_problem
Controllable:No
Description:Whether the physics is to be solved as a transient
turbulence_handlingnoneThe way turbulent diffusivities are determined in the turbulent regime.
Default:none
C++ Type:MooseEnum
Options:mixing-length, k-epsilon, none
Controllable:No
Description:The way turbulent diffusivities are determined in the turbulent regime.
verboseFalseFlag to facilitate debugging a Physics
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Flag to facilitate debugging a Physics

Optional Parameters

C1_epsC1 coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation equation. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
C++ Type:MooseFunctorName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:C1 coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation equation. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
C2_epsC2 coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation equation. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
C++ Type:MooseFunctorName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:C2 coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation equation. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
initial_tke0Initial value for the turbulence kinetic energy
Default:0
C++ Type:FunctionName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Initial value for the turbulence kinetic energy
initial_tked0Initial value for the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation
Default:0
C++ Type:FunctionName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Initial value for the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation
sigma_epsScaling coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation diffusion term. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
C++ Type:MooseFunctorName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Scaling coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation diffusion term. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
sigma_kScaling coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy diffusion term. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
C++ Type:MooseFunctorName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Scaling coefficient for the turbulent kinetic energy diffusion term. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.

K-Epsilon Model Parameters

C_mu0.09Coupled turbulent kinetic energy closure.
Default:0.09
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Coupled turbulent kinetic energy closure.
bulk_wall_treatmentTrueWhether to treat the wall cell as bulk
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to treat the wall cell as bulk
wall_treatment_epsneqThe method used for computing the epsilon wall functions and the turbulence viscosity wall functions
Default:neq
C++ Type:MooseEnum
Options:eq_newton, eq_incremental, eq_linearized, neq
Controllable:No
Description:The method used for computing the epsilon wall functions and the turbulence viscosity wall functions

K-Epsilon Wall Function Parameters

Sc_tTurbulent Schmidt numbers used for the passive scalar fields.
C++ Type:std::vector<double>
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Turbulent Schmidt numbers used for the passive scalar fields.
coupled_flow_physicsWCNSFVFlowPhysics generating the velocities
C++ Type:PhysicsName
Controllable:No
Description:WCNSFVFlowPhysics generating the velocities
coupled_turbulence_physicsTurbulence Physics coupled with this Physics
C++ Type:PhysicsName
Controllable:No
Description:Turbulence Physics coupled with this Physics
fluid_heat_transfer_physicsNavierStokesFVWCNS(Linear)FVFluidHeatTransferPhysics generating the heat advection equations
Default:NavierStokesFV
C++ Type:PhysicsName
Controllable:No
Description:WCNS(Linear)FVFluidHeatTransferPhysics generating the heat advection equations
scalar_transport_physicsNavierStokesFVWCNS(Linear)FVScalarTransportPhysics generating the scalar advection equations
Default:NavierStokesFV
C++ Type:PhysicsName
Controllable:No
Description:WCNS(Linear)FVScalarTransportPhysics generating the scalar advection equations
turbulent_prandtl1Turbulent Prandtl number for energy turbulent diffusion
Default:1
C++ Type:double
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Range:turbulent_prandtl > 0
Controllable:No
Description:Turbulent Prandtl number for energy turbulent diffusion

Coupled Physics Parameters

active__all__ If specified only the blocks named will be visited and made active
Default:__all__
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:If specified only the blocks named will be visited and made active
control_tagsAdds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:Adds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
define_variablesTrueWhether to define variables if the variables with the specified names do not exist. Note that if the variables are defined externally from the Physics, the initial conditions will not be created in the Physics either.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to define variables if the variables with the specified names do not exist. Note that if the variables are defined externally from the Physics, the initial conditions will not be created in the Physics either.
ghost_layers2Number of layers of elements to ghost near process domain boundaries
Default:2
C++ Type:unsigned short
Controllable:No
Description:Number of layers of elements to ghost near process domain boundaries
inactiveIf specified blocks matching these identifiers will be skipped.
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:If specified blocks matching these identifiers will be skipped.

Advanced Parameters

dont_create_aux_kernelsFalseWhether to skip the 'add_aux_kernel' task
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to skip the 'add_aux_kernel' task
dont_create_aux_variablesFalseWhether to skip the 'add_aux_variable' task
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to skip the 'add_aux_variable' task
dont_create_bcsFalseWhether to skip the 'add_bc' task for each boundary condition type
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to skip the 'add_bc' task for each boundary condition type
dont_create_correctorsFalseWhether to skip the 'add_correctors' task
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to skip the 'add_correctors' task
dont_create_functionsFalseWhether to skip the 'add_function' task
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to skip the 'add_function' task
dont_create_icsFalseWhether to skip the 'add_ic'/'add_fv_ic/add_ics_physics' task(s)
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to skip the 'add_ic'/'add_fv_ic/add_ics_physics' task(s)
dont_create_kernelsFalseWhether to skip the 'add_kernel' task for each kernel type
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to skip the 'add_kernel' task for each kernel type
dont_create_materialsFalseWhether to skip the 'add_material'/'add_materials_physics' task(s) for each material type
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to skip the 'add_material'/'add_materials_physics' task(s) for each material type
dont_create_postprocessorsFalseWhether to skip the 'add_postprocessors' task
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to skip the 'add_postprocessors' task
dont_create_solver_variablesFalseWhether to skip the 'add_variable'/'add_variables_physics' task(s)
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to skip the 'add_variable'/'add_variables_physics' task(s)
dont_create_user_objectsFalseWhether to skip the 'add_user_object' task. This does not apply to UserObject derived classes being created on a different task (for example: postprocessors, VPPs, correctors)
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to skip the 'add_user_object' task. This does not apply to UserObject derived classes being created on a different task (for example: postprocessors, VPPs, correctors)
dont_create_vectorpostprocessorsFalseWhether to skip the 'add_vectorpostprocessors' task
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to skip the 'add_vectorpostprocessors' task

Reduce Physics Object Creation Parameters

initial_from_file_timestepLATESTGives the time step number (or "LATEST") for which to read the Exodus solution
Default:LATEST
C++ Type:std::string
Controllable:No
Description:Gives the time step number (or "LATEST") for which to read the Exodus solution
initialize_variables_from_mesh_fileFalseDetermines if the variables that are added by the action are initializedfrom the mesh file (only for Exodus format)
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Determines if the variables that are added by the action are initializedfrom the mesh file (only for Exodus format)

Restart From Exodus Parameters

k_t_as_aux_variableFalseWhether to use an auxiliary variable for the turbulent conductivity
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to use an auxiliary variable for the turbulent conductivity

K-Epsilon Model Numerical Parameters

mixing_length_aux_execute_onWhen the mixing length aux kernels should be executed.
C++ Type:ExecFlagEnum
Options:XFEM_MARK, FORWARD, ADJOINT, HOMOGENEOUS_FORWARD, ADJOINT_TIMESTEP_BEGIN, ADJOINT_TIMESTEP_END, NONE, INITIAL, LINEAR, LINEAR_CONVERGENCE, NONLINEAR, NONLINEAR_CONVERGENCE, POSTCHECK, TIMESTEP_END, TIMESTEP_BEGIN, MULTIAPP_FIXED_POINT_END, MULTIAPP_FIXED_POINT_BEGIN, MULTIAPP_FIXED_POINT_CONVERGENCE, FINAL, CUSTOM
Controllable:No
Description:When the mixing length aux kernels should be executed.
mixing_length_delta1Tunable parameter related to the thickness of the boundary layer.When it is not specified, Prandtl's original unbounded wall distance mixing length model isretrieved. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
Default:1
C++ Type:MooseFunctorName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Tunable parameter related to the thickness of the boundary layer.When it is not specified, Prandtl's original unbounded wall distance mixing length model isretrieved. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
turbulence_wallsWalls where the mixing length model should be utilized.
C++ Type:std::vector<BoundaryName>
Controllable:No
Description:Walls where the mixing length model should be utilized.
von_karman_const0.41Von Karman parameter for the mixing length model. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
Default:0.41
C++ Type:MooseFunctorName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Von Karman parameter for the mixing length model. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
von_karman_const_00.09'Escudier' model parameter. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.
Default:0.09
C++ Type:MooseFunctorName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:'Escudier' model parameter. A functor is any of the following: a variable, a functor material property, a function, a postprocessor or a number.

Mixing Length Model Parameters

system_namesTKE_system TKED_system Names of the linear solver systems for each equation. Default is set for K-Epsilon and should be adapted for other models
Default:TKE_system TKED_system
C++ Type:std::vector<SolverSystemName>
Controllable:No
Description:Names of the linear solver systems for each equation. Default is set for K-Epsilon and should be adapted for other models
use_nonorthogonal_correctionTrueWhether to use a non-orthogonal correction. This can potentially slow down convergence , but reduces numerical dispersion on non-orthogonal meshes. Can be safely turned off on orthogonal meshes.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Whether to use a non-orthogonal correction. This can potentially slow down convergence , but reduces numerical dispersion on non-orthogonal meshes. Can be safely turned off on orthogonal meshes.

Numerical Scheme Parameters

(modules/navier_stokes/test/tests/finite_volume/ins/turbulence/channel/linear-segregated/channel_heated-physics.i)


!include header_and_mesh.i

q = 5
cp = 300

[Problem]
  linear_sys_names = 'u_system v_system pressure_system energy_system TKE_system TKED_system'
  previous_nl_solution_required = true
[]

# These are only needed when solving for enthalpy
# Alternatively, a FluidProperties user object may be used
[FunctorMaterials]
  active = 'rho_h'
  # These two are for solving for enthalpy without using a FluidProperties object
  [h_from_T]
    type = ParsedFunctorMaterial
    expression = '${cp} * T_fluid'
    functor_names = 'T_fluid'
    property_name = 'h_from_p_T_functor'
  []
  [T_from_h]
    type = ParsedFunctorMaterial
    expression = 'h / ${cp}'
    functor_names = 'h'
    property_name = 'T_from_p_h_functor'
  []
  # This one is for computing the enthalpy density without using a FluidProperties object
  [rho_h]
    type = ParsedFunctorMaterial
    expression = '${rho} * ${cp}  * T_fluid'
    functor_names = 'T_fluid'
    property_name = 'rho_h'
  []
[]

[Physics]
  [NavierStokes]
    [FlowSegregated/flow]
      velocity_variable = 'vel_x vel_y'
      pressure_variable = 'pressure'

      # Initial conditions
      initial_velocity = '${bulk_u} 0 0'
      initial_pressure = '1e-8'

      # Material properties
      density = ${rho}
      dynamic_viscosity = ${mu}

      # Boundary conditions
      inlet_boundaries = 'left'
      momentum_inlet_types = 'fixed-velocity'
      momentum_inlet_functors = '${bulk_u} 0'

      wall_boundaries = 'top bottom'
      momentum_wall_types = 'noslip noslip'

      outlet_boundaries = 'right'
      momentum_outlet_types = 'fixed-pressure'
      pressure_functors = '0'

      # Numerical parameters
      include_deviatoric_stress = true
      orthogonality_correction = false
      pressure_two_term_bc_expansion = false
      momentum_two_term_bc_expansion = false
      momentum_advection_interpolation = ${advected_interp_method}
      system_names = 'u_system v_system pressure_system'
    []
    [FluidHeatTransferSegregated/energy]
      # turbulence Physics coupling picked up automatically
      initial_temperature = 0

      thermal_conductivity = 1.1
      specific_heat = ${cp}

      energy_inlet_types = 'fixed-temperature'
      energy_inlet_functors = '0'
      energy_wall_types = 'heatflux heatflux'
      energy_wall_functors = '0 0'

      external_heat_source = '${q}'
    []
    [TurbulenceSegregated/k-epsilon]
      # Model
      turbulence_handling = 'k-epsilon'
      tke_name = TKE
      tked_name = TKED
      system_names = 'TKE_system TKED_system'
      fluid_heat_transfer_physics = energy

      initial_tke = ${k_init}
      initial_tked = ${eps_init}

      # Model parameters
      mu_t_ratio_max = 1e20
      sigma_k = ${sigma_k}
      sigma_eps = ${sigma_eps}
      C_pl = 1e10
      C1_eps = ${C1_eps}
      C2_eps = ${C2_eps}
      Pr_t = 0.9

      k_t_as_aux_variable = true
      turbulence_walls = ${walls}
      wall_treatment_eps = ${wall_treatment}
      bulk_wall_treatment = ${bulk_wall_treatment}
      use_nonorthogonal_correction = false
    []
  []
[]

# Boundary conditions are not implemented for turbulent quantities at this time
[LinearFVBCs]
  [inlet_TKE]
    type = LinearFVAdvectionDiffusionFunctorDirichletBC
    boundary = 'left'
    variable = TKE
    functor = '${k_init}'
  []
  [outlet_TKE]
    type = LinearFVAdvectionDiffusionOutflowBC
    boundary = 'right'
    variable = TKE
    use_two_term_expansion = false
  []
  [inlet_TKED]
    type = LinearFVAdvectionDiffusionFunctorDirichletBC
    boundary = 'left'
    variable = TKED
    functor = '${eps_init}'
  []
  [outlet_TKED]
    type = LinearFVAdvectionDiffusionOutflowBC
    boundary = 'right'
    variable = TKED
    use_two_term_expansion = false
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = SIMPLE

  rhie_chow_user_object = 'ins_rhie_chow_interpolator'
  momentum_systems = 'u_system v_system'
  pressure_system = 'pressure_system'
  energy_system = 'energy_system'
  turbulence_systems = 'TKE_system TKED_system'

  momentum_l_abs_tol = 1e-14
  pressure_l_abs_tol = 1e-14
  turbulence_l_abs_tol = 1e-14
  energy_l_abs_tol = 1e-14
  momentum_l_tol = 1e-14
  pressure_l_tol = 1e-14
  energy_l_tol = 1e-14
  turbulence_l_tol = 1e-14

  momentum_equation_relaxation = 0.7
  pressure_variable_relaxation = 0.3
  energy_equation_relaxation = 0.8
  turbulence_equation_relaxation = '0.2 0.2'
  turbulence_field_relaxation = '0.2 0.2'
  num_iterations = 1000
  pressure_absolute_tolerance = 1e-12
  momentum_absolute_tolerance = 1e-12
  energy_absolute_tolerance = 1e-12
  turbulence_absolute_tolerance = '1e-12 1e-12'
  momentum_petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_hypre_type'
  momentum_petsc_options_value = 'hypre boomeramg'
  pressure_petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_hypre_type'
  pressure_petsc_options_value = 'hypre boomeramg'
  energy_petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_hypre_type'
  energy_petsc_options_value = 'hypre boomeramg'
  turbulence_petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_hypre_type'
  turbulence_petsc_options_value = 'hypre boomeramg'

  print_fields = false
  continue_on_max_its = true
[]

variables_to_sample = 'vel_x vel_y pressure T_fluid TKE TKED'
!include postprocessing.i

# More postprocessor for temperature
[Postprocessors]
  [outlet_T]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = right
    variable = T_fluid
  []
  [Q_out]
    type = VolumetricFlowRate
    boundary = 'right'
    vel_x = 'vel_x'
    vel_y = 'vel_y'
    advected_quantity = 'rho_h'
    rhie_chow_user_object = 'ins_rhie_chow_interpolator'
  []
  [balance_percent]
    type = ParsedPostprocessor
    expression = '100 * (0 - Q_out + 2 * ${L} * ${H} * ${q}) / Q_out'
    pp_names = 'Q_out'
  []
[]

(modules/navier_stokes/test/tests/finite_volume/ins/turbulence/channel/linear-segregated/channel_scalars-physics.i)


!include header_and_mesh.i

qs = 5

[Problem]
  linear_sys_names = 'u_system v_system pressure_system scalar_system TKE_system TKED_system'
  previous_nl_solution_required = true
[]

[Physics]
  [NavierStokes]
    [FlowSegregated/flow]
      velocity_variable = 'vel_x vel_y'
      pressure_variable = 'pressure'

      # Initial conditions
      initial_velocity = '${bulk_u} 0 0'
      initial_pressure = '1e-8'

      # Material properties
      density = ${rho}
      dynamic_viscosity = ${mu}

      # Boundary conditions
      inlet_boundaries = 'left'
      momentum_inlet_types = 'fixed-velocity'
      momentum_inlet_functors = '${bulk_u} 0'

      wall_boundaries = 'top bottom'
      momentum_wall_types = 'noslip noslip'

      outlet_boundaries = 'right'
      momentum_outlet_types = 'fixed-pressure'
      pressure_functors = '0'

      # Numerical parameters
      include_deviatoric_stress = true
      orthogonality_correction = false
      pressure_two_term_bc_expansion = false
      momentum_two_term_bc_expansion = false
      momentum_advection_interpolation = ${advected_interp_method}
      system_names = 'u_system v_system pressure_system'
    []
    [ScalarTransportSegregated/scalar]
      # turbulence Physics coupling picked up automatically
      passive_scalar_names = 'advected_scalar'

      passive_scalar_inlet_types = 'fixed-value'
      passive_scalar_inlet_functors = '0'

      passive_scalar_source = '${qs}'
      system_names = 'scalar_system'
    []
    [TurbulenceSegregated/k-epsilon]
      # Model
      turbulence_handling = 'k-epsilon'
      tke_name = TKE
      tked_name = TKED
      system_names = 'TKE_system TKED_system'
      scalar_transport_physics = scalar

      initial_tke = ${k_init}
      initial_tked = ${eps_init}

      # Model parameters
      mu_t_ratio_max = 1e20
      sigma_k = ${sigma_k}
      sigma_eps = ${sigma_eps}
      C_pl = 1e10
      C1_eps = ${C1_eps}
      C2_eps = ${C2_eps}
      Sc_t = 0.9

      turbulence_walls = ${walls}
      wall_treatment_eps = ${wall_treatment}
      bulk_wall_treatment = ${bulk_wall_treatment}
      use_nonorthogonal_correction = false
    []
  []
[]

# Boundary conditions are not implemented for turbulent quantities at this time
[LinearFVBCs]
  [inlet_TKE]
    type = LinearFVAdvectionDiffusionFunctorDirichletBC
    boundary = 'left'
    variable = TKE
    functor = '${k_init}'
  []
  [outlet_TKE]
    type = LinearFVAdvectionDiffusionOutflowBC
    boundary = 'right'
    variable = TKE
    use_two_term_expansion = false
  []
  [inlet_TKED]
    type = LinearFVAdvectionDiffusionFunctorDirichletBC
    boundary = 'left'
    variable = TKED
    functor = '${eps_init}'
  []
  [outlet_TKED]
    type = LinearFVAdvectionDiffusionOutflowBC
    boundary = 'right'
    variable = TKED
    use_two_term_expansion = false
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = SIMPLE

  rhie_chow_user_object = 'ins_rhie_chow_interpolator'
  momentum_systems = 'u_system v_system'
  pressure_system = 'pressure_system'
  passive_scalar_systems = 'scalar_system'
  turbulence_systems = 'TKE_system TKED_system'

  momentum_l_abs_tol = 1e-14
  pressure_l_abs_tol = 1e-14
  turbulence_l_abs_tol = 1e-14
  passive_scalar_l_abs_tol = 1e-14
  momentum_l_tol = 1e-14
  pressure_l_tol = 1e-14
  passive_scalar_l_tol = 1e-14
  turbulence_l_tol = 1e-14

  momentum_equation_relaxation = 0.7
  pressure_variable_relaxation = 0.3
  passive_scalar_equation_relaxation = 0.8
  turbulence_equation_relaxation = '0.2 0.2'
  turbulence_field_relaxation = '0.2 0.2'
  num_iterations = 1000
  pressure_absolute_tolerance = 1e-12
  momentum_absolute_tolerance = 1e-12
  passive_scalar_absolute_tolerance = 1e-12
  turbulence_absolute_tolerance = '1e-12 1e-12'
  momentum_petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_hypre_type'
  momentum_petsc_options_value = 'hypre boomeramg'
  pressure_petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_hypre_type'
  pressure_petsc_options_value = 'hypre boomeramg'
  passive_scalar_petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_hypre_type'
  passive_scalar_petsc_options_value = 'hypre boomeramg'
  turbulence_petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_hypre_type'
  turbulence_petsc_options_value = 'hypre boomeramg'

  print_fields = false
  continue_on_max_its = true
[]

variables_to_sample = 'vel_x vel_y pressure advected_scalar TKE TKED'
!include postprocessing.i

# More postprocessor for scalar conservation analysis
[Postprocessors]
  [outlet_scalar]
    type = SideAverageValue
    boundary = right
    variable = advected_scalar
  []
  [S_out]
    type = VolumetricFlowRate
    boundary = 'right'
    vel_x = 'vel_x'
    vel_y = 'vel_y'
    advected_quantity = 'advected_scalar'
    rhie_chow_user_object = 'ins_rhie_chow_interpolator'
  []
  [balance_percent]
    type = ParsedPostprocessor
    expression = '100 * (0 - S_out + 2 * ${L} * ${H} * ${qs}) / S_out'
    pp_names = 'S_out'
  []
[]

K - Epsilon turbulence model
Coupling with other Physics
Input Parameters