- conditional_functionThe function to give a true or false value
C++ Type:FunctionName
Controllable:No
Description:The function to give a true or false value
ConditionalFunctionEnableControl
Control for enabling/disabling objects when a function value is true
ConditionalFunctionEnableControl objects derive from ConditionalEnableControl.
ConditionalFunctionEnableControl objects allow MOOSE objects to be enabled or disabled according to the value of a Function.
Input Parameters
- depends_onThe Controls that this control relies upon (i.e. must execute before this one)
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:The Controls that this control relies upon (i.e. must execute before this one)
- disable_objectsA list of object tags to disable.
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:A list of object tags to disable.
- enable_objectsA list of object tags to enable.
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:A list of object tags to enable.
- execute_onINITIAL TIMESTEP_ENDThe list of flag(s) indicating when this object should be executed, the available options include FORWARD, ADJOINT, HOMOGENEOUS_FORWARD, ADJOINT_TIMESTEP_BEGIN, ADJOINT_TIMESTEP_END, NONE, INITIAL, LINEAR, NONLINEAR, POSTCHECK, TIMESTEP_END, TIMESTEP_BEGIN, MULTIAPP_FIXED_POINT_END, MULTIAPP_FIXED_POINT_BEGIN, FINAL, CUSTOM.
Default:INITIAL TIMESTEP_END
C++ Type:ExecFlagEnum
Options:FORWARD, ADJOINT, HOMOGENEOUS_FORWARD, ADJOINT_TIMESTEP_BEGIN, ADJOINT_TIMESTEP_END, NONE, INITIAL, LINEAR, NONLINEAR, POSTCHECK, TIMESTEP_END, TIMESTEP_BEGIN, MULTIAPP_FIXED_POINT_END, MULTIAPP_FIXED_POINT_BEGIN, FINAL, CUSTOM, PRE_MULTIAPP_SETUP
Controllable:No
Description:The list of flag(s) indicating when this object should be executed, the available options include FORWARD, ADJOINT, HOMOGENEOUS_FORWARD, ADJOINT_TIMESTEP_BEGIN, ADJOINT_TIMESTEP_END, NONE, INITIAL, LINEAR, NONLINEAR, POSTCHECK, TIMESTEP_END, TIMESTEP_BEGIN, MULTIAPP_FIXED_POINT_END, MULTIAPP_FIXED_POINT_BEGIN, FINAL, CUSTOM.
- reverse_on_falseTrueWhen true, the disable/enable lists are set to opposite values when the specified condition is false.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:When true, the disable/enable lists are set to opposite values when the specified condition is false.
Optional Parameters
- control_tagsAdds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:Adds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
- enableTrueSet the enabled status of the MooseObject.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Set the enabled status of the MooseObject.
- implicitTrueDetermines whether this object is calculated using an implicit or explicit form
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Determines whether this object is calculated using an implicit or explicit form
Advanced Parameters
Input Files
- (modules/porous_flow/examples/ates/ates.i)
- (modules/porous_flow/examples/fluidflower/fluidflower.i)
- (test/tests/controls/pid_control/pid_pp_control.i)
- (modules/navier_stokes/test/tests/finite_volume/controls/switch-pressure-bc/test.i)
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/problems/brayton_cycle/recuperated_brayton_cycle.i)
- (test/tests/controls/conditional_functional_enable/conditional_function_enable.i)
(modules/porous_flow/examples/ates/ates.i)
# Simulation designed to assess the recovery efficiency of a single-well ATES system
# Using KT stabilisation
# Boundary conditions: fixed porepressure and temperature at top, bottom and far end of model.
#####################################
flux_limiter = minmod # minmod, vanleer, mc, superbee, none
# depth of top of aquifer (m)
depth = 400
inject_fluid_mass = 1E8 # kg
produce_fluid_mass = ${inject_fluid_mass} # kg
inject_temp = 90 # degC
inject_time = 91 # days
store_time = 91 # days
produce_time = 91 # days
rest_time = 91 # days
num_cycles = 5 # Currently needs to be <= 10
cycle_length = ${fparse inject_time + store_time + produce_time + rest_time}
end_simulation = ${fparse cycle_length * num_cycles}
# Note: I have setup 10 cycles but you can set num_cycles less than 10.
start_injection1 = 0
start_injection2 = ${cycle_length}
start_injection3 = ${fparse cycle_length * 2}
start_injection4 = ${fparse cycle_length * 3}
start_injection5 = ${fparse cycle_length * 4}
start_injection6 = ${fparse cycle_length * 5}
start_injection7 = ${fparse cycle_length * 6}
start_injection8 = ${fparse cycle_length * 7}
start_injection9 = ${fparse cycle_length * 8}
start_injection10 = ${fparse cycle_length * 9}
end_injection1 = ${fparse start_injection1 + inject_time}
end_injection2 = ${fparse start_injection2 + inject_time}
end_injection3 = ${fparse start_injection3 + inject_time}
end_injection4 = ${fparse start_injection4 + inject_time}
end_injection5 = ${fparse start_injection5 + inject_time}
end_injection6 = ${fparse start_injection6 + inject_time}
end_injection7 = ${fparse start_injection7 + inject_time}
end_injection8 = ${fparse start_injection8 + inject_time}
end_injection9 = ${fparse start_injection9 + inject_time}
end_injection10 = ${fparse start_injection10 + inject_time}
start_production1 = ${fparse end_injection1 + store_time}
start_production2 = ${fparse end_injection2 + store_time}
start_production3 = ${fparse end_injection3 + store_time}
start_production4 = ${fparse end_injection4 + store_time}
start_production5 = ${fparse end_injection5 + store_time}
start_production6 = ${fparse end_injection6 + store_time}
start_production7 = ${fparse end_injection7 + store_time}
start_production8 = ${fparse end_injection8 + store_time}
start_production9 = ${fparse end_injection9 + store_time}
start_production10 = ${fparse end_injection10 + store_time}
end_production1 = ${fparse start_production1 + produce_time}
end_production2 = ${fparse start_production2 + produce_time}
end_production3 = ${fparse start_production3 + produce_time}
end_production4 = ${fparse start_production4 + produce_time}
end_production5 = ${fparse start_production5 + produce_time}
end_production6 = ${fparse start_production6 + produce_time}
end_production7 = ${fparse start_production7 + produce_time}
end_production8 = ${fparse start_production8 + produce_time}
end_production9 = ${fparse start_production9 + produce_time}
end_production10 = ${fparse start_production10 + produce_time}
synctimes = '${start_injection1} ${end_injection1} ${start_production1} ${end_production1}
${start_injection2} ${end_injection2} ${start_production2} ${end_production2}
${start_injection3} ${end_injection3} ${start_production3} ${end_production3}
${start_injection4} ${end_injection4} ${start_production4} ${end_production4}
${start_injection5} ${end_injection5} ${start_production5} ${end_production5}
${start_injection6} ${end_injection6} ${start_production6} ${end_production6}
${start_injection7} ${end_injection7} ${start_production7} ${end_production7}
${start_injection8} ${end_injection8} ${start_production8} ${end_production8}
${start_injection9} ${end_injection9} ${start_production9} ${end_production9}
${start_injection10} ${end_injection10} ${start_production10} ${end_production10}'
#####################################
# Geometry in RZ coordinates
# borehole radius (m)
bh_r = 0.1
# model radius (m)
max_r = 1000
# aquifer thickness (m)
aq_thickness = 20
# cap thickness (m)
cap_thickness = 40
# injection region top and bottom (m). Note, the mesh is created with the aquifer in y = (-0.5 * aq_thickness, 0.5 * aq_thickness), irrespective of depth (depth only sets the insitu porepressure and temperature)
screen_top = ${fparse 0.5 * aq_thickness}
screen_bottom = ${fparse -0.5 * aq_thickness}
# number of elements in radial direction
num_r = 25
# number of elements across half height of aquifer
num_y_aq = 10
# number of elements across height of cap
num_y_cap = 8
# mesh bias in radial direction
bias_r = 1.22
# mesh bias in vertical direction in aquifer top
bias_y_aq_top = 0.9
# mesh bias in vertical direction in cap top
bias_y_cap_top = 1.3
# mesh bias in vertical direction in aquifer bottom
bias_y_aq_bottom = ${fparse 1.0 / bias_y_aq_top}
# mesh bias in vertical direction in cap bottom
bias_y_cap_bottom = ${fparse 1.0 / bias_y_cap_top}
depth_centre = ${fparse depth + aq_thickness/2}
#####################################
# temperature at ground surface (degC)
temp0 = 20
# Vertical geothermal gradient (K/m). A positive number means temperature increases downwards.
geothermal_gradient = 20E-3
#####################################
# Gravity
gravity = -9.81
#####################################
half_aq_thickness = ${fparse aq_thickness * 0.5}
half_height = ${fparse half_aq_thickness + cap_thickness}
approx_screen_length = ${fparse screen_top - screen_bottom}
# Thermal radius (note this is not strictly correct, it should use the bulk specific heat
# capacity as defined below, but it doesn't matter here because this is purely for
# defining the region of refined mesh)
th_r = ${fparse sqrt(inject_fluid_mass / 1000 * 4.12e6 / (approx_screen_length * 3.1416 * aq_specific_heat_cap * aq_density))}
# radius of fine mesh
fine_r = ${fparse th_r * 2}
bias_r_fine = 1
num_r_fine = ${fparse int(fine_r/1)}
######################################
# aquifer properties
aq_porosity = 0.25
aq_hor_perm = 1E-11 # m^2
aq_ver_perm = 2E-12 # m^2
aq_density = 2650 # kg/m^3
aq_specific_heat_cap = 800 # J/Kg/K
aq_hor_thermal_cond = 3 # W/m/K
aq_ver_thermal_cond = 3 # W/m/K
aq_disp_parallel = 0 # m
aq_disp_perp = 0 # m
# Bulk volumetric heat capacity of aquifer:
aq_vol_cp = ${fparse aq_specific_heat_cap * aq_density * (1 - aq_porosity) + 4180 * 1000 * aq_porosity}
# Thermal radius (correct version using bulk cp):
R_th = ${fparse sqrt(inject_fluid_mass * 4180 / (approx_screen_length * 3.1416 * aq_vol_cp))}
aq_lambda_eff_hor = ${fparse aq_hor_thermal_cond + 0.3 * aq_disp_parallel * R_th * aq_vol_cp / (inject_time * 60 * 60 * 24)}
aq_lambda_eff_ver = ${fparse aq_ver_thermal_cond + 0.3 * aq_disp_perp * R_th * aq_vol_cp / (inject_time * 60 * 60 * 24)}
aq_hor_dry_thermal_cond = ${fparse aq_lambda_eff_hor * 60 * 60 * 24} # J/day/m/K
aq_ver_dry_thermal_cond = ${fparse aq_lambda_eff_ver * 60 * 60 * 24} # J/day/m/K
aq_hor_wet_thermal_cond = ${fparse aq_lambda_eff_hor * 60 * 60 * 24} # J/day/m/K
aq_ver_wet_thermal_cond = ${fparse aq_lambda_eff_ver * 60 * 60 * 24} # J/day/m/K
# cap-rock properties
cap_porosity = 0.25
cap_hor_perm = 1E-16 # m^2
cap_ver_perm = 1E-17 # m^2
cap_density = 2650 # kg/m^3
cap_specific_heat_cap = 800 # J/kg/K
cap_hor_thermal_cond = 3 # W/m/K
cap_ver_thermal_cond = 3 # W/m/K
cap_hor_dry_thermal_cond = ${fparse cap_hor_thermal_cond * 60 * 60 * 24} # J/day/m/K
cap_ver_dry_thermal_cond = ${fparse cap_ver_thermal_cond * 60 * 60 * 24} # J/day/m/K
cap_hor_wet_thermal_cond = ${fparse cap_hor_thermal_cond * 60 * 60 * 24} # J/day/m/K
cap_ver_wet_thermal_cond = ${fparse cap_ver_thermal_cond * 60 * 60 * 24} # J/day/m/K
######################################
[Mesh]
coord_type = RZ
[aq_top_fine]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 2
nx = ${num_r_fine}
xmin = ${bh_r}
xmax = ${fine_r}
bias_x = ${bias_r_fine}
bias_y = ${bias_y_aq_top}
ny = ${num_y_aq}
ymin = 0
ymax = ${half_aq_thickness}
[]
[cap_top_fine]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 2
nx = ${num_r_fine}
xmin = ${bh_r}
xmax = ${fine_r}
bias_x = ${bias_r_fine}
bias_y = ${bias_y_cap_top}
ny = ${num_y_cap}
ymax = ${half_height}
ymin = ${half_aq_thickness}
[]
[aq_and_cap_top_fine]
type = StitchedMeshGenerator
inputs = 'aq_top_fine cap_top_fine'
clear_stitched_boundary_ids = true
stitch_boundaries_pairs = 'top bottom'
[]
[aq_bottom_fine]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 2
nx = ${num_r_fine}
xmin = ${bh_r}
xmax = ${fine_r}
bias_x = ${bias_r_fine}
bias_y = ${bias_y_aq_bottom}
ny = ${num_y_aq}
ymax = 0
ymin = -${half_aq_thickness}
[]
[cap_bottom_fine]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 2
nx = ${num_r_fine}
xmin = ${bh_r}
xmax = ${fine_r}
bias_x = ${bias_r_fine}
bias_y = ${bias_y_cap_bottom}
ny = ${num_y_cap}
ymin = -${half_height}
ymax = -${half_aq_thickness}
[]
[aq_and_cap_bottom_fine]
type = StitchedMeshGenerator
inputs = 'aq_bottom_fine cap_bottom_fine'
clear_stitched_boundary_ids = true
stitch_boundaries_pairs = 'bottom top'
[]
[aq_and_cap_fine]
type = StitchedMeshGenerator
inputs = 'aq_and_cap_bottom_fine aq_and_cap_top_fine'
clear_stitched_boundary_ids = true
stitch_boundaries_pairs = 'top bottom'
[]
[aq_top]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 2
nx = ${num_r}
xmin = ${fine_r}
xmax = ${max_r}
bias_x = ${bias_r}
bias_y = ${bias_y_aq_top}
ny = ${num_y_aq}
ymin = 0
ymax = ${half_aq_thickness}
[]
[cap_top]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 2
nx = ${num_r}
xmin = ${fine_r}
xmax = ${max_r}
bias_x = ${bias_r}
bias_y = ${bias_y_cap_top}
ny = ${num_y_cap}
ymax = ${half_height}
ymin = ${half_aq_thickness}
[]
[aq_and_cap_top]
type = StitchedMeshGenerator
inputs = 'aq_top cap_top'
clear_stitched_boundary_ids = true
stitch_boundaries_pairs = 'top bottom'
[]
[aq_bottom]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 2
nx = ${num_r}
xmin = ${fine_r}
xmax = ${max_r}
bias_x = ${bias_r}
bias_y = ${bias_y_aq_bottom}
ny = ${num_y_aq}
ymax = 0
ymin = -${half_aq_thickness}
[]
[cap_bottom]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 2
nx = ${num_r}
xmin = ${fine_r}
xmax = ${max_r}
bias_x = ${bias_r}
bias_y = ${bias_y_cap_bottom}
ny = ${num_y_cap}
ymin = -${half_height}
ymax = -${half_aq_thickness}
[]
[aq_and_cap_bottom]
type = StitchedMeshGenerator
inputs = 'aq_bottom cap_bottom'
clear_stitched_boundary_ids = true
stitch_boundaries_pairs = 'bottom top'
[]
[aq_and_cap]
type = StitchedMeshGenerator
inputs = 'aq_and_cap_bottom aq_and_cap_top'
clear_stitched_boundary_ids = true
stitch_boundaries_pairs = 'top bottom'
[]
[aq_and_cap_all]
type = StitchedMeshGenerator
inputs = 'aq_and_cap_fine aq_and_cap'
clear_stitched_boundary_ids = true
stitch_boundaries_pairs = 'right left'
[]
[aquifer]
type = ParsedSubdomainMeshGenerator
input = aq_and_cap_all
combinatorial_geometry = 'y >= -${half_aq_thickness} & y <= ${half_aq_thickness}'
block_id = 1
[]
[top_cap]
type = ParsedSubdomainMeshGenerator
input = aquifer
combinatorial_geometry = 'y >= ${half_aq_thickness}'
block_id = 2
[]
[bottom_cap]
type = ParsedSubdomainMeshGenerator
input = top_cap
combinatorial_geometry = 'y <= -${half_aq_thickness}'
block_id = 3
[]
[injection_area]
type = ParsedGenerateSideset
combinatorial_geometry = 'x<=${bh_r}*1.000001 & y >= ${screen_bottom} & y <= ${screen_top}'
included_subdomains = 1
new_sideset_name = 'injection_area'
input = 'bottom_cap'
[]
[rename]
type = RenameBlockGenerator
old_block = '1 2 3'
new_block = 'aquifer caps caps'
input = 'injection_area'
[]
[]
[GlobalParams]
PorousFlowDictator = dictator
gravity = '0 ${gravity} 0'
[]
[Variables]
[porepressure]
[]
[temperature]
scaling = 1E-5
[]
[]
[PorousFlowFullySaturated]
coupling_type = ThermoHydro
porepressure = porepressure
temperature = temperature
fp = tabulated_water
stabilization = KT
flux_limiter_type = ${flux_limiter}
use_displaced_mesh = false
temperature_unit = Celsius
pressure_unit = Pa
time_unit = days
[]
[ICs]
[porepressure]
type = FunctionIC
variable = porepressure
function = insitu_pressure
[]
[temperature]
type = FunctionIC
variable = temperature
function = insitu_temperature
[]
[]
[BCs]
[outer_boundary_porepressure]
type = FunctionDirichletBC
preset = true
variable = porepressure
function = insitu_pressure
boundary = 'bottom right top'
[]
[outer_boundary_temperature]
type = FunctionDirichletBC
preset = true
variable = temperature
function = insitu_temperature
boundary = 'bottom right top'
[]
[inject_heat]
type = FunctionDirichletBC
variable = temperature
function = ${inject_temp}
boundary = 'injection_area'
[]
[inject_fluid]
type = PorousFlowSink
variable = porepressure
boundary = injection_area
flux_function = injection_rate_value
[]
[produce_heat]
type = PorousFlowSink
variable = temperature
boundary = injection_area
flux_function = production_rate_value
fluid_phase = 0
use_enthalpy = true
save_in = heat_flux_out
[]
[produce_fluid]
type = PorousFlowSink
variable = porepressure
boundary = injection_area
flux_function = production_rate_value
[]
[]
[Controls]
[inject_on]
type = ConditionalFunctionEnableControl
enable_objects = 'BCs::inject_heat BCs::inject_fluid'
conditional_function = inject
implicit = false
execute_on = 'initial timestep_begin'
[]
[produce_on]
type = ConditionalFunctionEnableControl
enable_objects = 'BCs::produce_heat BCs::produce_fluid'
conditional_function = produce
implicit = false
execute_on = 'initial timestep_begin'
[]
[]
[Functions]
[insitu_pressure]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = '(y - ${depth_centre}) * 1000 * ${gravity} + 1E5' # approx insitu pressure in Pa
[]
[insitu_temperature]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = '${temp0} + (${depth_centre} - y) * ${geothermal_gradient}'
[]
[inject]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'if(t >= ${start_injection1} & t < ${end_injection1}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_injection2} & t < ${end_injection2}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_injection3} & t < ${end_injection3}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_injection4} & t < ${end_injection4}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_injection5} & t < ${end_injection5}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_injection6} & t < ${end_injection6}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_injection7} & t < ${end_injection7}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_injection8} & t < ${end_injection8}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_injection9} & t < ${end_injection9}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_injection10} & t < ${end_injection10}, 1, 0))))))))))'
[]
[produce]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'if(t >= ${start_production1} & t < ${end_production1}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_production2} & t < ${end_production2}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_production3} & t < ${end_production3}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_production4} & t < ${end_production4}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_production5} & t < ${end_production5}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_production6} & t < ${end_production6}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_production7} & t < ${end_production7}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_production8} & t < ${end_production8}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_production9} & t < ${end_production9}, 1,
if(t >= ${start_production10} & t < ${end_production10}, 1, 0))))))))))'
[]
[injection_rate_value]
type = ParsedFunction
symbol_names = true_screen_area
symbol_values = true_screen_area
expression = '-${inject_fluid_mass}/(true_screen_area * ${inject_time})'
[]
[production_rate_value]
type = ParsedFunction
symbol_names = true_screen_area
symbol_values = true_screen_area
expression = '${produce_fluid_mass}/(true_screen_area * ${produce_time})'
[]
[heat_out_in_timestep]
type = ParsedFunction
symbol_names = 'dt heat_out'
symbol_values = 'dt heat_out_fromBC'
expression = 'dt*heat_out'
[]
[produced_T_time_integrated]
type = ParsedFunction
symbol_names = 'dt produced_T'
symbol_values = 'dt produced_T'
expression = 'dt*produced_T / ${produce_time}'
[]
[]
[AuxVariables]
[density]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
[]
[porosity]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
[]
[heat_flux_out]
outputs = none
[]
[]
[AuxKernels]
[density]
type = PorousFlowPropertyAux
variable = density
property = density
[]
[porosity]
type = PorousFlowPropertyAux
variable = porosity
property = porosity
[]
[]
[FluidProperties]
[true_water]
type = Water97FluidProperties
[]
[tabulated_water]
type = TabulatedFluidProperties
fp = true_water
temperature_min = 275 # K
temperature_max = 600
interpolated_properties = 'density viscosity enthalpy internal_energy'
fluid_property_file = water97_tabulated_modified.csv
[]
[]
[Materials]
[porosity_aq]
type = PorousFlowPorosityConst
porosity = ${aq_porosity}
block = aquifer
[]
[porosity_caps]
type = PorousFlowPorosityConst
porosity = ${cap_porosity}
block = caps
[]
[permeability_aquifer]
type = PorousFlowPermeabilityConst
block = aquifer
permeability = '${aq_hor_perm} 0 0 0 ${aq_ver_perm} 0 0 0 0'
[]
[permeability_caps]
type = PorousFlowPermeabilityConst
block = caps
permeability = '${cap_hor_perm} 0 0 0 ${cap_ver_perm} 0 0 0 0'
[]
[aq_internal_energy]
type = PorousFlowMatrixInternalEnergy
block = aquifer
density = ${aq_density}
specific_heat_capacity = ${aq_specific_heat_cap}
[]
[caps_internal_energy]
type = PorousFlowMatrixInternalEnergy
block = caps
density = ${cap_density}
specific_heat_capacity = ${cap_specific_heat_cap}
[]
[aq_thermal_conductivity]
type = PorousFlowThermalConductivityIdeal
block = aquifer
dry_thermal_conductivity = '${aq_hor_dry_thermal_cond} 0 0 0 ${aq_ver_dry_thermal_cond} 0 0 0 0'
wet_thermal_conductivity = '${aq_hor_wet_thermal_cond} 0 0 0 ${aq_ver_wet_thermal_cond} 0 0 0 0'
[]
[caps_thermal_conductivity]
type = PorousFlowThermalConductivityIdeal
block = caps
dry_thermal_conductivity = '${cap_hor_dry_thermal_cond} 0 0 0 ${cap_ver_dry_thermal_cond} 0 0 0 0'
wet_thermal_conductivity = '${cap_hor_wet_thermal_cond} 0 0 0 ${cap_ver_wet_thermal_cond} 0 0 0 0'
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[true_screen_area] # this accounts for meshes that do not match screen_top and screen_bottom exactly
type = AreaPostprocessor
boundary = injection_area
execute_on = 'initial'
outputs = 'none'
[]
[dt]
type = TimestepSize
[]
[heat_out_fromBC]
type = NodalSum
variable = heat_flux_out
boundary = injection_area
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
outputs = 'none'
[]
[heat_out_per_timestep]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = heat_out_in_timestep
execute_on = 'timestep_end'
outputs = 'none'
[]
[heat_out_cumulative]
type = CumulativeValuePostprocessor
postprocessor = heat_out_per_timestep
execute_on = 'timestep_end'
outputs = 'csv console'
[]
[produced_T]
type = SideAverageValue
boundary = injection_area
variable = temperature
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
outputs = 'csv console'
[]
[produced_T_time_integrated]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = produced_T_time_integrated
execute_on = 'timestep_end'
outputs = 'none'
[]
[produced_T_cumulative]
type = CumulativeValuePostprocessor
postprocessor = produced_T_time_integrated
execute_on = 'timestep_end'
outputs = 'csv console'
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[basic]
type = SMP
full = true
petsc_options = '-ksp_diagonal_scale -ksp_diagonal_scale_fix'
petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -sub_pc_type -sub_pc_factor_shift_type -pc_asm_overlap'
petsc_options_value = ' asm lu NONZERO 2'
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
solve_type = Newton
end_time = ${end_simulation}
timestep_tolerance = 1e-5
[TimeStepper]
type = IterationAdaptiveDT
dt = 1e-3
growth_factor = 2
[]
dtmax = 1
dtmin = 1e-5
# rough calc for fluid, |R| ~ V*k*1E6 ~ V*1E-5
# rough calc for heat, |R| ~ V*(lam*1E-3 + h*1E-5) ~ V*(1E3 + 1E-2)
# so scale heat by 1E-7 and go for nl_abs_tol = 1E-4, which should give a max error of
# ~1Pa and ~0.1K in the first metre around the borehole
nl_abs_tol = 1E-4
nl_rel_tol = 1E-5
[]
[Outputs]
sync_times = ${synctimes}
[ex]
type = Exodus
time_step_interval = 20
[]
[csv]
type = CSV
execute_postprocessors_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[]
(modules/porous_flow/examples/fluidflower/fluidflower.i)
# FluidFlower International Benchmark study model
# CSIRO 2023
#
# This example can be used to reproduce the results presented by the
# CSIRO team as part of this benchmark study. See
# Green, C., Jackson, S.J., Gunning, J., Wilkins, A. and Ennis-King, J.,
# 2023. Modelling the FluidFlower: Insights from Characterisation and
# Numerical Predictions. Transport in Porous Media.
#
# This example takes a long time to run! The large density contrast
# between the gas phase CO2 and the water makes convergence very hard,
# so small timesteps must be taken during injection.
#
# This example uses a simplified mesh in order to be run during the
# automated testing. To reproduce the results of the benchmark study,
# replace the simple layered input mesh with the one located in the
# large_media submodule.
#
# The mesh file contains:
# - porosity as given by FluidFlower description
# - permeability as given by FluidFlower description
# - subdomain ids for each sand type
#
# The nominal thickness of the FluidFlower tank is 19mm. To keep masses consistent
# with the experiment, porosity and permeability are multiplied by the thickness
thickness = 0.019
#
# Properties associated with each sand type associated with mesh block ids
#
# block 0 - ESF (very fine sand)
sandESF = '0 10 20'
sandESF_pe = 1471.5
sandESF_krg = 0.09
sandESF_swi = 0.32
sandESF_krw = 0.71
sandESF_sgi = 0.14
# block 1 - C - Coarse lower
sandC = '1 21'
sandC_pe = 294.3
sandC_krg = 0.05
sandC_swi = 0.14
sandC_krw = 0.93
sandC_sgi = 0.1
# block 2 - D - Coarse upper
sandD = '2 22'
sandD_pe = 98.1
sandD_krg = 0.02
sandD_swi = 0.12
sandD_krw = 0.95
sandD_sgi = 0.08
# block 3 - E - Very Coarse lower
sandE = '3 13 23'
sandE_pe = 10
sandE_krg = 0.1
sandE_swi = 0.12
sandE_krw = 0.93
sandE_sgi = 0.06
# block 4 - F - Very Coarse upper
sandF = '4 14 24 34'
sandF_pe = 10
sandF_krg = 0.11
sandF_swi = 0.12
sandF_krw = 0.72
sandF_sgi = 0.13
# block 5 - G - Flush Zone
sandG = '5 15 35'
sandG_pe = 10
sandG_krg = 0.16
sandG_swi = 0.1
sandG_krw = 0.75
sandG_sgi = 0.06
# block 6 - Fault 1 - Heterogeneous
fault1 = '6 26'
fault1_pe = 10
fault1_krg = 0.16
fault1_swi = 0.1
fault1_krw = 0.75
fault1_sgi = 0.06
# block 7 - Fault 2 - Impermeable
# Note: this fault has been removed from the mesh (no elements in this region)
# block 8 - Fault 3 - Homogeneous
fault3 = '8'
fault3_pe = 10
fault3_krg = 0.16
fault3_swi = 0.1
fault3_krw = 0.75
fault3_sgi = 0.06
# Top layer
top_layer = '9'
# Boxes A, B an C used to report values (sg, sgr, xco2, etc)
boxA = '10 13 14 15 34 35'
boxB = '20 21 22 23 24 26'
boxC = '34 35'
# Furthermore, the seal sand unit in boxes A and B
seal_boxA = '10'
seal_boxB = '20'
# CO2 injection details:
# CO2 density ~1.8389 kg/m3 at 293.15 K, 1.01325e5 Pa
# Injection in Port (9, 3) for 5 hours.
# Injection in Port (17, 7) for 2:45 hours.
# Injection of 10 ml/min = 0.1666 ml/s = 1.666e-7 m3/s = ~3.06e-7 kg/s.
# Total mass of CO2 injected ~ 8.5g.
inj_rate = 3.06e-7
[Mesh]
[mesh]
type = FileMeshGenerator
file = 'fluidflower_test.e'
# file = '../../../../large_media/porous_flow/examples/fluidflower/fluidflower.e'
use_for_exodus_restart = true
[]
[]
[Debug]
show_var_residual_norms = true
[]
[GlobalParams]
PorousFlowDictator = dictator
gravity = '0 -9.81 0'
temperature = temperature
log_extension = false
[]
[Variables]
[pgas]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
fv = true
[]
[z]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
fv = true
scaling = 1e4
[]
[]
[AuxVariables]
[xnacl]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
fv = true
initial_condition = 0.0055
[]
[temperature]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
fv = true
initial_condition = 20
[]
[porosity]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
fv = true
initial_from_file_var = porosity
[]
[porosity_times_thickness]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
fv = true
[]
[permeability]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
fv = true
initial_from_file_var = permeability
[]
[permeability_times_thickness]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
fv = true
[]
[saturation_water]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
[]
[saturation_gas]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
[]
[pressure_water]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
[]
[pc]
family = MONOMIAL
order = CONSTANT
[]
[x0_water]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[x0_gas]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[x1_water]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[x1_gas]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[density_water]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[density_gas]
order = CONSTANT
family = MONOMIAL
[]
[]
[AuxKernels]
[porosity_times_thickness]
type = ParsedAux
variable = porosity_times_thickness
coupled_variables = porosity
expression = 'porosity * ${thickness}'
execute_on = 'initial'
[]
[permeability_times_thickness]
type = ParsedAux
variable = permeability_times_thickness
coupled_variables = permeability
expression = 'permeability * ${thickness}'
execute_on = 'initial'
[]
[pressure_water]
type = ADPorousFlowPropertyAux
variable = pressure_water
property = pressure
phase = 0
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[saturation_water]
type = ADPorousFlowPropertyAux
variable = saturation_water
property = saturation
phase = 0
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[saturation_gas]
type = ADPorousFlowPropertyAux
variable = saturation_gas
property = saturation
phase = 1
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[density_water]
type = ADPorousFlowPropertyAux
variable = density_water
property = density
phase = 0
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[density_gas]
type = ADPorousFlowPropertyAux
variable = density_gas
property = density
phase = 1
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[x1_water]
type = ADPorousFlowPropertyAux
variable = x1_water
property = mass_fraction
phase = 0
fluid_component = 1
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[x1_gas]
type = ADPorousFlowPropertyAux
variable = x1_gas
property = mass_fraction
phase = 1
fluid_component = 1
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[x0_water]
type = ADPorousFlowPropertyAux
variable = x0_water
property = mass_fraction
phase = 0
fluid_component = 0
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[x0_gas]
type = ADPorousFlowPropertyAux
variable = x0_gas
property = mass_fraction
phase = 1
fluid_component = 0
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[pc]
type = ADPorousFlowPropertyAux
variable = pc
property = capillary_pressure
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[]
[FVKernels]
[mass0]
type = FVPorousFlowMassTimeDerivative
variable = pgas
fluid_component = 0
[]
[flux0]
type = FVPorousFlowAdvectiveFlux
variable = pgas
fluid_component = 0
[]
[diff0]
type = FVPorousFlowDispersiveFlux
variable = pgas
fluid_component = 0
disp_long = '0 0'
disp_trans = '0 0'
[]
[mass1]
type = FVPorousFlowMassTimeDerivative
variable = z
fluid_component = 1
[]
[flux1]
type = FVPorousFlowAdvectiveFlux
variable = z
fluid_component = 1
[]
[diff1]
type = FVPorousFlowDispersiveFlux
variable = z
fluid_component = 1
disp_long = '0 0'
disp_trans = '0 0'
[]
[]
[DiracKernels]
[injector1]
type = ConstantPointSource
point = '0.9 0.3 0'
value = ${inj_rate}
variable = z
[]
[injector2]
type = ConstantPointSource
point = '1.7 0.7 0'
value = ${inj_rate}
variable = z
[]
[]
[Controls]
[injection1]
type = ConditionalFunctionEnableControl
enable_objects = 'DiracKernels::injector1'
conditional_function = injection_schedule1
[]
[injection2]
type = ConditionalFunctionEnableControl
enable_objects = 'DiracKernels::injector2'
conditional_function = injection_schedule2
[]
[]
[Functions]
[initial_p]
type = ParsedFunction
symbol_names = 'p0 g H rho0'
symbol_values = '101.325e3 9.81 1.5 1002'
expression = 'p0 + rho0 * g * (H - y)'
[]
[injection_schedule1]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'if(t >= 0 & t <= 1.8e4, 1, 0)'
[]
[injection_schedule2]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'if(t >= 8.1e3 & t <= 1.8e4, 1, 0)'
[]
[]
[ICs]
[p]
type = FunctionIC
variable = pgas
function = initial_p
[]
[]
[FVBCs]
[pressure_top]
type = FVPorousFlowAdvectiveFluxBC
boundary = top
porepressure_value = 1.01325e5
variable = pgas
[]
[]
[FluidProperties]
[water]
type = Water97FluidProperties
[]
[watertab]
type = TabulatedBicubicFluidProperties
fp = water
save_file = false
pressure_min = 1e5
pressure_max = 1e6
temperature_min = 290
temperature_max = 300
num_p = 20
num_T = 10
[]
[co2]
type = CO2FluidProperties
[]
[co2tab]
type = TabulatedBicubicFluidProperties
fp = co2
save_file = false
pressure_min = 1e5
pressure_max = 1e6
temperature_min = 290
temperature_max = 300
num_p = 20
num_T = 10
[]
[brine]
type = BrineFluidProperties
water_fp = watertab
[]
[]
[UserObjects]
[dictator]
type = PorousFlowDictator
porous_flow_vars = 'pgas z'
number_fluid_phases = 2
number_fluid_components = 2
[]
[sandESF_pc]
type = PorousFlowCapillaryPressureBC
pe = ${sandESF_pe}
lambda = 2
block = ${sandESF}
pc_max = 1e4
sat_lr = ${sandESF_swi}
[]
[sandC_pc]
type = PorousFlowCapillaryPressureBC
pe = ${sandC_pe}
lambda = 2
block = ${sandC}
pc_max = 1e4
sat_lr = ${sandC_swi}
[]
[sandD_pc]
type = PorousFlowCapillaryPressureBC
pe = ${sandD_pe}
lambda = 2
block = ${sandD}
pc_max = 1e4
sat_lr = ${sandD_swi}
[]
[sandE_pc]
type = PorousFlowCapillaryPressureBC
pe = ${sandE_pe}
lambda = 2
block = ${sandE}
pc_max = 1e4
sat_lr = ${sandE_swi}
[]
[sandF_pc]
type = PorousFlowCapillaryPressureBC
pe = ${sandF_pe}
lambda = 2
block = ${sandF}
pc_max = 1e4
sat_lr = ${sandF_swi}
[]
[sandG_pc]
type = PorousFlowCapillaryPressureBC
pe = ${sandG_pe}
lambda = 2
block = ${sandG}
pc_max = 1e4
sat_lr = ${sandG_swi}
[]
[fault1_pc]
type = PorousFlowCapillaryPressureBC
pe = ${fault1_pe}
lambda = 2
block = ${fault1}
pc_max = 1e4
sat_lr = ${fault1_swi}
[]
[fault3_pc]
type = PorousFlowCapillaryPressureBC
pe = ${fault3_pe}
lambda = 2
block = ${fault3}
pc_max = 1e4
sat_lr = ${fault3_swi}
[]
[top_layer_pc]
type = PorousFlowCapillaryPressureConst
pc = 0
block = ${top_layer}
[]
[sandESF_fs]
type = PorousFlowBrineCO2
brine_fp = brine
co2_fp = co2tab
capillary_pressure = sandESF_pc
[]
[sandC_fs]
type = PorousFlowBrineCO2
brine_fp = brine
co2_fp = co2tab
capillary_pressure = sandC_pc
[]
[sandD_fs]
type = PorousFlowBrineCO2
brine_fp = brine
co2_fp = co2tab
capillary_pressure = sandD_pc
[]
[sandE_fs]
type = PorousFlowBrineCO2
brine_fp = brine
co2_fp = co2tab
capillary_pressure = sandE_pc
[]
[sandF_fs]
type = PorousFlowBrineCO2
brine_fp = brine
co2_fp = co2tab
capillary_pressure = sandF_pc
[]
[sandG_fs]
type = PorousFlowBrineCO2
brine_fp = brine
co2_fp = co2tab
capillary_pressure = sandG_pc
[]
[fault1_fs]
type = PorousFlowBrineCO2
brine_fp = brine
co2_fp = co2tab
capillary_pressure = fault1_pc
[]
[fault3_fs]
type = PorousFlowBrineCO2
brine_fp = brine
co2_fp = co2tab
capillary_pressure = fault3_pc
[]
[top_layer_fs]
type = PorousFlowBrineCO2
brine_fp = brine
co2_fp = co2tab
capillary_pressure = top_layer_pc
[]
[]
[Materials]
[temperature]
type = ADPorousFlowTemperature
temperature = temperature
[]
[sandESF_brineco2]
type = ADPorousFlowFluidState
gas_porepressure = pgas
z = z
temperature_unit = Celsius
xnacl = xnacl
fluid_state = sandESF_fs
capillary_pressure = sandESF_pc
block = ${sandESF}
[]
[sandC_brineco2]
type = ADPorousFlowFluidState
gas_porepressure = pgas
z = z
temperature_unit = Celsius
xnacl = xnacl
fluid_state = sandC_fs
capillary_pressure = sandC_pc
block = ${sandC}
[]
[sandD_brineco2]
type = ADPorousFlowFluidState
gas_porepressure = pgas
z = z
temperature_unit = Celsius
xnacl = xnacl
fluid_state = sandD_fs
capillary_pressure = sandD_pc
block = ${sandD}
[]
[sandE_brineco2]
type = ADPorousFlowFluidState
gas_porepressure = pgas
z = z
temperature_unit = Celsius
xnacl = xnacl
fluid_state = sandE_fs
capillary_pressure = sandE_pc
block = ${sandE}
[]
[sandF_brineco2]
type = ADPorousFlowFluidState
gas_porepressure = pgas
z = z
temperature_unit = Celsius
xnacl = xnacl
fluid_state = sandF_fs
capillary_pressure = sandF_pc
block = ${sandF}
[]
[sandG_brineco2]
type = ADPorousFlowFluidState
gas_porepressure = pgas
z = z
temperature_unit = Celsius
xnacl = xnacl
fluid_state = sandG_fs
capillary_pressure = sandG_pc
block = ${sandG}
[]
[fault1_brineco2]
type = ADPorousFlowFluidState
gas_porepressure = pgas
z = z
temperature_unit = Celsius
xnacl = xnacl
fluid_state = fault1_fs
capillary_pressure = fault1_pc
block = ${fault1}
[]
[fault3_brineco2]
type = ADPorousFlowFluidState
gas_porepressure = pgas
z = z
temperature_unit = Celsius
xnacl = xnacl
fluid_state = fault3_fs
capillary_pressure = fault3_pc
block = ${fault3}
[]
[top_layer_brineco2]
type = ADPorousFlowFluidState
gas_porepressure = pgas
z = z
temperature_unit = Celsius
xnacl = xnacl
fluid_state = top_layer_fs
capillary_pressure = top_layer_pc
block = ${top_layer}
[]
[porosity]
type = ADPorousFlowPorosityConst
porosity = porosity_times_thickness
[]
[permeability]
type = ADPorousFlowPermeabilityConstFromVar
perm_xx = permeability_times_thickness
perm_yy = permeability_times_thickness
perm_zz = permeability_times_thickness
[]
[diffcoeff]
type = ADPorousFlowDiffusivityConst
tortuosity = '1 1'
diffusion_coeff = '2e-9 2e-9 0 0'
[]
[sandESF_relperm0]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 0
lambda = 2
s_res = ${sandESF_swi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse sandESF_sgi + sandESF_swi}
scaling = ${sandESF_krw}
block = ${sandESF}
[]
[sandESF_relperm1]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 1
nw_phase = true
lambda = 2
s_res = ${sandESF_sgi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse sandESF_sgi + sandESF_swi}
scaling = ${sandESF_krg}
block = ${sandESF}
[]
[sandC_relperm0]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 0
lambda = 2
s_res = ${sandC_swi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse sandC_sgi + sandC_swi}
scaling = ${sandC_krw}
block = ${sandC}
[]
[sandC_relperm1]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 1
nw_phase = true
lambda = 2
s_res = ${sandC_sgi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse sandC_sgi + sandC_swi}
scaling = ${sandC_krg}
block = ${sandC}
[]
[sandD_relperm0]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 0
lambda = 2
s_res = ${sandD_swi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse sandD_sgi + sandD_swi}
scaling = ${sandD_krw}
block = ${sandD}
[]
[sandD_relperm1]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 1
nw_phase = true
lambda = 2
s_res = ${sandD_sgi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse sandD_sgi + sandD_swi}
scaling = ${sandD_krg}
block = ${sandD}
[]
[sandE_relperm0]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 0
lambda = 2
s_res = ${sandE_swi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse sandE_sgi + sandE_swi}
scaling = ${sandE_krw}
block = ${sandE}
[]
[sandE_relperm1]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 1
nw_phase = true
lambda = 2
s_res = ${sandE_sgi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse sandE_sgi + sandE_swi}
scaling = ${sandE_krg}
block = ${sandE}
[]
[sandF_relperm0]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 0
lambda = 2
s_res = ${sandF_swi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse sandF_sgi + sandF_swi}
scaling = ${sandF_krw}
block = ${sandF}
[]
[sandF_relperm1]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 1
nw_phase = true
lambda = 2
s_res = ${sandF_sgi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse sandF_sgi + sandF_swi}
scaling = ${sandF_krg}
block = ${sandF}
[]
[sandG_relperm0]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 0
lambda = 2
s_res = ${sandG_swi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse sandG_sgi + sandG_swi}
scaling = ${sandG_krw}
block = ${sandG}
[]
[sandG_relperm1]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 1
nw_phase = true
lambda = 2
s_res = ${sandG_sgi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse sandG_sgi + sandG_swi}
scaling = ${sandG_krg}
block = ${sandG}
[]
[fault1_relperm0]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 0
lambda = 2
s_res = ${fault1_swi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse fault1_sgi + fault1_swi}
scaling = ${fault1_krw}
block = ${fault1}
[]
[fault1_relperm1]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 1
nw_phase = true
lambda = 2
s_res = ${fault1_sgi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse fault1_sgi + fault1_swi}
scaling = ${fault1_krg}
block = ${fault1}
[]
[fault3_relperm0]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 0
lambda = 2
s_res = ${fault3_swi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse fault3_sgi + fault3_swi}
scaling = ${fault3_krw}
block = ${fault3}
[]
[fault3_relperm1]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 1
nw_phase = true
lambda = 2
s_res = ${fault3_sgi}
sum_s_res = ${fparse fault3_sgi + fault3_swi}
scaling = ${fault3_krg}
block = ${fault3}
[]
[top_layer_relperm0]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 0
lambda = 2
block = ${top_layer}
[]
[top_layer_relperm1]
type = ADPorousFlowRelativePermeabilityBC
phase = 1
nw_phase = true
lambda = 2
block = ${top_layer}
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[smp]
type = SMP
full = true
petsc_options = '-ksp_snes_ew'
petsc_options_iname = '-ksp_type -pc_type -pc_factor_mat_solver_package -sub_pc_factor_shift_type'
petsc_options_value = 'gmres lu mumps NONZERO'
# petsc_options_iname = '-ksp_type -pc_type -pc_hypre_type -sub_pc_type -sub_pc_factor_shift_type -sub_pc_factor_levels -ksp_gmres_restart'
# petsc_options_value = 'gmres hypre boomeramg lu NONZERO 4 301'
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
solve_type = NEWTON
dtmax = 60
start_time = 0
end_time = 4.32e5
nl_rel_tol = 1e-6
nl_abs_tol = 1e-8
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-5
l_abs_tol = 1e-8
# line_search = none # Can be a useful option for this problem
[TimeSteppers]
[time]
type = FunctionDT
growth_factor = 2
cutback_factor_at_failure = 0.5
function = 'if(t<1.8e4, 2, if(t<3.6e4, 20, 60))'
[]
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[p_5_3]
type = PointValue
variable = pgas
point = '0.5 0.3 0'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[p_5_3_w]
type = PointValue
variable = pressure_water
point = '0.5 0.3 0'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[p_5_7]
type = PointValue
variable = pgas
point = '0.5 0.7 0'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[p_5_7_w]
type = PointValue
variable = pressure_water
point = '0.5 0.7 0'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[p_9_3]
type = PointValue
variable = pgas
point = '0.9 0.3 0'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[p_9_3_w]
type = PointValue
variable = pressure_water
point = '0.9 0.3 0'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[p_15_5]
type = PointValue
variable = pgas
point = '1.5 0.5 0'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[p_15_5_w]
type = PointValue
variable = pressure_water
point = '1.5 0.5 0'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[p_17_7]
type = PointValue
variable = pgas
point = '1.7 0.7 0'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[p_17_7_w]
type = PointValue
variable = pressure_water
point = '1.7 0.7 0'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[p_17_11]
type = PointValue
variable = pgas
point = '1.7 1.1 0'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[p_17_11_w]
type = PointValue
variable = pressure_water
point = '1.7 1.1 0'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[x0mass]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 0
phase = '0 1'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[x1mass]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = '0 1'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[x1gas]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = '1'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[boxA]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = '0 1'
block = ${boxA}
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[imm_A_sandESF]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = 1
saturation_threshold = ${sandESF_sgi}
block = 10
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[imm_A_sandE]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = 1
saturation_threshold = ${sandE_sgi}
block = 13
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[imm_A_sandF]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = 1
saturation_threshold = ${sandF_sgi}
block = '14 34'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[imm_A_sandG]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = 1
saturation_threshold = ${sandG_sgi}
block = '15 35'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[imm_A]
type = LinearCombinationPostprocessor
pp_names = 'imm_A_sandESF imm_A_sandE imm_A_sandF imm_A_sandG'
pp_coefs = '1 1 1 1'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[diss_A]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = 0
block = ${boxA}
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[seal_A]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = '0 1'
block = ${seal_boxA}
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[boxB]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = '0 1'
block = ${boxB}
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[imm_B_sandESF]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = 1
saturation_threshold = ${sandESF_sgi}
block = 20
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[imm_B_sandC]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = 1
saturation_threshold = ${sandC_sgi}
block = 21
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[imm_B_sandD]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = 1
saturation_threshold = ${sandD_sgi}
block = 22
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[imm_B_sandE]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = 1
saturation_threshold = ${sandE_sgi}
block = 23
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[imm_B_sandF]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = 1
saturation_threshold = ${sandF_sgi}
block = 24
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[imm_B_fault1]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = 1
saturation_threshold = ${fault1_sgi}
block = 26
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[imm_B]
type = LinearCombinationPostprocessor
pp_names = 'imm_B_sandESF imm_B_sandC imm_B_sandD imm_B_sandE imm_B_sandF imm_B_fault1'
pp_coefs = '1 1 1 1 1 1'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[diss_B]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = 0
block = ${boxB}
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[seal_B]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = '0 1'
block = ${seal_boxB}
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[boxC]
type = FVPorousFlowFluidMass
fluid_component = 1
phase = '0'
block = ${boxC}
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[]
[Outputs]
print_linear_residuals = false
perf_graph = true
# exodus = true
[csv]
type = CSV
[]
[]
(test/tests/controls/pid_control/pid_pp_control.i)
[Mesh]
[square]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
nx = 2
ny = 2
dim = 2
[]
[]
[Variables]
[u]
[]
[]
[Kernels]
inactive = 'exception'
[diff]
type = CoefDiffusion
variable = u
coef = 1
[]
[exception]
type = NanKernel
variable = 'u'
timestep_to_nan = 2
[]
[]
[BCs]
[left]
type = PostprocessorDirichletBC
variable = u
boundary = 3
postprocessor = received_bc
[]
[right]
type = DirichletBC
variable = u
boundary = 1
value = 1
[]
[]
[Functions]
[conditional_function]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 't >= 1.9 & t < 2.1'
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
solve_type = 'PJFNK'
start_time = 0.0
num_steps = 20
dt = 1
nl_abs_tol = 1e-10
line_search = 'none'
# For picard tests
picard_abs_tol = 1e-3
[]
[Postprocessors]
[integral]
type = ElementIntegralVariablePostprocessor
variable = u
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[received_bc]
type = Receiver
default = 0
[]
[]
[Controls]
inactive = 'make_crash'
[integral_value]
type = PIDTransientControl
postprocessor = integral
target = 1.5
parameter_pp = 'received_bc'
K_integral = -1
K_proportional = -1
K_derivative = -0.1
execute_on = 'initial timestep_begin'
[]
[make_crash]
type = ConditionalFunctionEnableControl
enable_objects = 'Kernels::exception'
conditional_function = 'conditional_function'
execute_on = 'timestep_begin'
[]
[]
[MultiApps]
inactive = 'shortest_app'
[shortest_app]
type = TransientMultiApp
input_files = 'pid_pp_control_subapp.i'
[]
[]
[Outputs]
file_base = out
exodus = false
csv = true
[]
(modules/navier_stokes/test/tests/finite_volume/controls/switch-pressure-bc/test.i)
rho = 1
mu = 1
l = 1
velocity_interp_method = 'rc'
advected_interp_method = 'upwind'
outlet_pressure = 1e5
inlet_v = 1
[Mesh]
[gen]
type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
dim = 2
xmin = 0
xmax = ${l}
ymin = 0
ymax = 1
nx = 4
ny = 2
[]
[]
[GlobalParams]
rhie_chow_user_object = 'rc'
[]
[UserObjects]
[rc]
type = INSFVRhieChowInterpolator
u = vel_x
v = vel_y
pressure = pressure
[]
[]
[Variables]
[vel_x]
type = INSFVVelocityVariable
initial_condition = ${inlet_v}
[]
[vel_y]
type = INSFVVelocityVariable
[]
[pressure]
type = INSFVPressureVariable
initial_condition = ${outlet_pressure}
[]
[]
[FVKernels]
[mass]
type = INSFVMassAdvection
variable = pressure
advected_interp_method = ${advected_interp_method}
velocity_interp_method = ${velocity_interp_method}
rho = ${rho}
[]
[u_advection]
type = INSFVMomentumAdvection
variable = vel_x
velocity_interp_method = ${velocity_interp_method}
advected_interp_method = ${advected_interp_method}
rho = ${rho}
momentum_component = 'x'
[]
[u_viscosity]
type = INSFVMomentumDiffusion
variable = vel_x
mu = ${mu}
momentum_component = 'x'
[]
[u_pressure]
type = INSFVMomentumPressure
variable = vel_x
momentum_component = 'x'
pressure = pressure
[]
[v_advection]
type = INSFVMomentumAdvection
variable = vel_y
velocity_interp_method = ${velocity_interp_method}
advected_interp_method = ${advected_interp_method}
rho = ${rho}
momentum_component = 'y'
[]
[v_viscosity]
type = INSFVMomentumDiffusion
variable = vel_y
momentum_component = 'y'
mu = ${mu}
[]
[v_pressure]
type = INSFVMomentumPressure
variable = vel_y
momentum_component = 'y'
pressure = pressure
[]
[]
[FVBCs]
[free_slip_x]
type = INSFVNaturalFreeSlipBC
variable = vel_x
boundary = 'top bottom'
momentum_component = 'x'
[]
[free_slip_y]
type = INSFVNaturalFreeSlipBC
variable = vel_y
boundary = 'top bottom'
momentum_component = 'y'
[]
# Inlet
[inlet_u]
type = INSFVInletVelocityBC
variable = vel_x
boundary = 'left'
function = ${inlet_v}
[]
[inlet_u_later]
type = INSFVInletVelocityBC
variable = vel_x
boundary = 'right'
function = ${fparse -1 * inlet_v}
enable = false
[]
[inlet_v]
type = INSFVInletVelocityBC
variable = vel_y
boundary = 'left'
function = 0
[]
[inlet_v_later]
type = INSFVInletVelocityBC
variable = vel_y
boundary = 'right'
function = 0
enable = false
[]
[outlet_p]
type = INSFVOutletPressureBC
variable = pressure
boundary = 'right'
function = ${outlet_pressure}
[]
[outlet_p_later]
type = INSFVOutletPressureBC
variable = pressure
boundary = 'left'
function = ${fparse 2 * outlet_pressure}
enable = false
[]
[]
[Functions]
[conditional_function]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 't > 1.5'
[]
[]
[Controls]
[p_threshold]
type = ConditionalFunctionEnableControl
conditional_function = conditional_function
disable_objects = 'FVBCs::outlet_p FVBCs::inlet_u FVBCs::inlet_v'
enable_objects = 'FVBCs::outlet_p_later FVBCs::inlet_u_later FVBCs::inlet_v_later'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_BEGIN'
[]
[]
[FunctorMaterials]
[const_functor]
type = ADGenericFunctorMaterial
prop_names = 'rho mu'
prop_values = '${rho} ${mu}'
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[pressure_right]
type = SideAverageValue
variable = pressure
boundary = right
[]
[pressure_left]
type = SideAverageValue
variable = pressure
boundary = right
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
solve_type = 'NEWTON'
petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_factor_shift_type'
petsc_options_value = 'lu NONZERO'
end_time = 3
line_search = 'bt'
nl_abs_tol = 1e-8
abort_on_solve_fail = true
[]
[Outputs]
csv = true
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/problems/brayton_cycle/recuperated_brayton_cycle.i)
# This input file models an open, recuperated Brayton cycle with a PID
# controlled start up using a coupled motor.
#
# Heat is supplied to the system by a volumetric heat source, and a second heat
# source is used to model a recuperator. The recuperator transfers heat from the
# turbine exhaust gas to the compressor outlet gas.
#
# Initially the fluid and heat structures are at rest at ambient conditions,
# and the shaft speed is zero.
# The transient is controlled as follows:
# * 0 - 2000 s: Motor increases shaft speed to approx. 85,000 RPM by PID control
# * 1000 - 8600 s: Power in main heat source increases from 0 - 104 kW
# * 2000 - 200000 s: Torque supplied by turbine increases to steady state level
# as working fluid temperature increases. Torque supplied by
# the motor is ramped down to 0 N-m transitioning shaft control
# to the turbine at its rated speed of 96,000 RPM.
I_motor = 1.0
I_generator = 1.0
generator_torque_per_shaft_speed = -0.00025
motor_ramp_up_duration = 3605
motor_ramp_down_duration = 1800
post_motor_time = 2160000
t1 = ${motor_ramp_up_duration}
t2 = ${fparse t1 + motor_ramp_down_duration}
t3 = ${fparse t2 + post_motor_time}
D1 = 0.15
D2 = ${D1}
D3 = ${D1}
D4 = ${D1}
D5 = ${D1}
D6 = ${D1}
D7 = ${D1}
D8 = ${D1}
A1 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D1^2}
A2 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D2^2}
A3 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D3^2}
A4 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D4^2}
A5 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D5^2}
A6 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D6^2}
A7 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D7^2}
A8 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D8^2}
recuperator_width = 0.15
L1 = 5.0
L2 = ${L1}
L3 = ${fparse 2 * L1}
L4 = ${fparse 2 * L1}
L5 = ${L1}
L6 = ${L1}
L7 = ${fparse L1 + recuperator_width}
L8 = ${L1}
x1 = 0.0
x2 = ${fparse x1 + L1}
x3 = ${fparse x2 + L2}
x4 = ${x3}
x5 = ${fparse x4 - L4}
x6 = ${x5}
x7 = ${fparse x6 + L6}
x8 = ${fparse x7 + L7}
y1 = 0
y2 = ${y1}
y3 = ${y2}
y4 = ${fparse y3 - L3}
y5 = ${y4}
y6 = ${fparse y5 + L5}
y7 = ${y6}
y8 = ${y7}
x1_out = ${fparse x1 + L1 - 0.001}
x2_in = ${fparse x2 + 0.001}
y5_in = ${fparse y5 + 0.001}
x6_out = ${fparse x6 + L6 - 0.001}
x7_in = ${fparse x7 + 0.001}
y8_in = ${fparse y8 + 0.001}
y8_out = ${fparse y8 + L8 - 0.001}
hot_leg_in = ${y8_in}
hot_leg_out = ${y8_out}
cold_leg_in = ${fparse y3 - 0.001}
cold_leg_out = ${fparse y3 - (L3/2) - 0.001}
n_elems1 = 5
n_elems2 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems3 = ${fparse 2 * n_elems1}
n_elems4 = ${fparse 2 * n_elems1}
n_elems5 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems6 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems7 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems8 = ${n_elems1}
A_ref_comp = ${fparse 0.5 * (A1 + A2)}
V_comp = ${fparse A_ref_comp * 1.0}
I_comp = 1.0
A_ref_turb = ${fparse 0.5 * (A4 + A5)}
V_turb = ${fparse A_ref_turb * 1.0}
I_turb = 1.0
c0_rated_comp = 351.6925137
rho0_rated_comp = 1.146881112
rated_mfr = 0.25
speed_rated_rpm = 96000
speed_rated = ${fparse speed_rated_rpm * 2 * pi / 60.0}
speed_initial = 0
eff_comp = 0.79
eff_turb = 0.843
T_ambient = 300
p_ambient = 1e5
hs_power = 105750
[GlobalParams]
gravity_vector = '0 0 0'
initial_p = ${p_ambient}
initial_T = ${T_ambient}
initial_vel = 0
initial_vel_x = 0
initial_vel_y = 0
initial_vel_z = 0
fp = fp_air
closures = closures
f = 0
scaling_factor_1phase = '1 1 1e-5'
scaling_factor_rhoV = 1
scaling_factor_rhouV = 1e-2
scaling_factor_rhovV = 1e-2
scaling_factor_rhowV = 1e-2
scaling_factor_rhoEV = 1e-5
scaling_factor_temperature = 1e-2
rdg_slope_reconstruction = none
[]
[FluidProperties]
[fp_air]
type = IdealGasFluidProperties
emit_on_nan = none
[]
[]
[SolidProperties]
[steel]
type = ThermalFunctionSolidProperties
rho = 8050
k = 45
cp = 466
[]
[]
[Closures]
[closures]
type = Closures1PhaseSimple
[]
[]
[Functions]
##########################
# Motor
##########################
# Functions for control logic that determines when to shut off the PID system
[is_tripped_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
symbol_names = 'motor_torque turbine_torque'
symbol_values = 'motor_torque turbine_torque'
expression = 'turbine_torque > motor_torque'
[]
[PID_tripped_constant_value]
type = ConstantFunction
value = 1
[]
[PID_tripped_status_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
symbol_values = 'PID_trip_status'
symbol_names = 'PID_trip_status'
expression = 'PID_trip_status'
[]
[time_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = t
[]
# Shutdown function which ramps down the motor once told by the control logic
[motor_torque_fn_shutdown]
type = ParsedFunction
symbol_values = 'PID_trip_status time_trip'
symbol_names = 'PID_trip_status time_trip'
expression = 'if(PID_trip_status = 1, max(2.4 - (2.4 * ((t - time_trip) / 35000)),0.0), 1)'
[]
# Generates motor power curve
[motor_power_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'torque * speed'
symbol_names = 'torque speed'
symbol_values = 'motor_torque shaft:omega'
[]
##########################
# Generator
##########################
# Generates generator torque curve
[generator_torque_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'slope * t'
symbol_names = 'slope'
symbol_values = '${generator_torque_per_shaft_speed}'
[]
# Generates generator power curve
[generator_power_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'torque * speed'
symbol_names = 'torque speed'
symbol_values = 'generator_torque shaft:omega'
[]
##########################
# Reactor
##########################
# Ramps up reactor power when activated by control logic
[power_fn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 1000 8600'
y = '0 0 ${hs_power}'
[]
##########################
# Compressor
##########################
# compressor pressure ratios
[rp_comp1]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp1.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp2]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp2.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp3]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp3.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp4]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp4.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp5]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp5.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
# compressor efficiencies
[eff_comp1]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp2]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp3]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp4]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp5]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
##########################
# Turbine
##########################
# turbine pressure ratios
[rp_turb0]
type = ConstantFunction
value = 1
[]
[rp_turb1]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb1.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb2]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb2.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb3]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb3.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb4]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb4.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb5]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb5.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
# turbine efficiency
[eff_turb1]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb2]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb3]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb4]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb5]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[]
[Components]
# system inlet pulling air from the open atmosphere
[inlet]
type = InletStagnationPressureTemperature1Phase
input = 'pipe1:in'
p0 = ${p_ambient}
T0 = ${T_ambient}
[]
# Inlet pipe
[pipe1]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x1} ${y1} 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = ${L1}
n_elems = ${n_elems1}
A = ${A1}
[]
# Compressor as defined in MAGNET PCU document (Guillen 2020)
[compressor]
type = ShaftConnectedCompressor1Phase
position = '${x2} ${y2} 0'
inlet = 'pipe1:out'
outlet = 'pipe2:in'
A_ref = ${A_ref_comp}
volume = ${V_comp}
omega_rated = ${speed_rated}
mdot_rated = ${rated_mfr}
c0_rated = ${c0_rated_comp}
rho0_rated = ${rho0_rated_comp}
# Determines which compression ratio curve and efficiency curve to use depending on ratio of speed/rated_speed
speeds = '0.5208 0.6250 0.7292 0.8333 0.9375'
Rp_functions = 'rp_comp1 rp_comp2 rp_comp3 rp_comp4 rp_comp5'
eff_functions = 'eff_comp1 eff_comp2 eff_comp3 eff_comp4 eff_comp5'
min_pressure_ratio = 1.0
speed_cr_I = 0
inertia_const = ${I_comp}
inertia_coeff = '${I_comp} 0 0 0'
# assume no shaft friction
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_const = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
[]
# Outlet pipe from the compressor
[pipe2]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x2} ${y2} 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = ${L2}
n_elems = ${n_elems2}
A = ${A2}
[]
# 90 degree connection between pipe 2 and 3
[junction2_cold_leg]
type = VolumeJunction1Phase
connections = 'pipe2:out cold_leg:in'
position = '${x3} ${y3} 0'
volume = ${fparse A2*0.1}
[]
# Cold leg of the recuperator
[cold_leg]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x3} ${y3} 0'
orientation = '0 -1 0'
length = ${fparse L3/2}
n_elems = ${fparse n_elems3/2}
A = ${A3}
[]
# Recuperator which transfers heat from exhaust gas to reactor inlet gas to improve thermal efficency
[recuperator]
type = HeatStructureCylindrical
orientation = '0 -1 0'
position = '${x3} ${y3} 0'
length = ${fparse L3/2}
widths = ${recuperator_width}
n_elems = ${fparse n_elems3/2}
n_part_elems = 2
names = recuperator
solid_properties = steel
solid_properties_T_ref = '300'
inner_radius = ${D1}
[]
# heat transfer from recuperator to cold leg
[heat_transfer_cold_leg]
type = HeatTransferFromHeatStructure1Phase
flow_channel = cold_leg
hs = recuperator
hs_side = OUTER
Hw = 10000
[]
# heat transfer from hot leg to recuperator
[heat_transfer_hot_leg]
type = HeatTransferFromHeatStructure1Phase
flow_channel = hot_leg
hs = recuperator
hs_side = INNER
Hw = 10000
[]
[junction_cold_leg_3]
type = JunctionOneToOne1Phase
connections = 'cold_leg:out pipe3:in'
[]
[pipe3]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x3} ${fparse y3 - (L3/2)} 0'
orientation = '0 -1 0'
length = ${fparse L3/2}
n_elems = ${fparse n_elems3/2}
A = ${A3}
[]
# 90 degree connection between pipe 3 and 4
[junction3_4]
type = VolumeJunction1Phase
connections = 'pipe3:out pipe4:in'
position = '${x4} ${y4} 0'
volume = ${fparse A3*0.1}
[]
# Pipe through the "reactor core"
[pipe4]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x4} ${y4} 0'
orientation = '-1 0 0'
length = ${L4}
n_elems = ${n_elems4}
A = ${A4}
[]
# "Reactor Core" and it's associated heat transfer to pipe 4
[reactor]
type = HeatStructureCylindrical
orientation = '-1 0 0'
position = '${x4} ${y4} 0'
length = ${L4}
widths = 0.15
n_elems = ${n_elems4}
n_part_elems = 2
names = core
solid_properties = steel
solid_properties_T_ref = '300'
[]
[total_power]
type = TotalPower
power = 0
[]
[heat_generation]
type = HeatSourceFromTotalPower
power = total_power
hs = reactor
regions = core
[]
[heat_transfer]
type = HeatTransferFromHeatStructure1Phase
flow_channel = pipe4
hs = reactor
hs_side = OUTER
Hw = 10000
[]
# 90 degree connection between pipe 4 and 5
[junction4_5]
type = VolumeJunction1Phase
connections = 'pipe4:out pipe5:in'
position = '${x5} ${y5} 0'
volume = ${fparse A4*0.1}
[]
# Pipe carrying hot gas back to the PCU
[pipe5]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x5} ${y5} 0'
orientation = '0 1 0'
length = ${L5}
n_elems = ${n_elems5}
A = ${A5}
[]
# 90 degree connection between pipe 5 and 6
[junction5_6]
type = VolumeJunction1Phase
connections = 'pipe5:out pipe6:in'
position = '${x6} ${y6} 0'
volume = ${fparse A5*0.1}
[]
# Inlet pipe to the turbine
[pipe6]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x6} ${y6} 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = ${L6}
n_elems = ${n_elems6}
A = ${A6}
[]
# Turbine as defined in MAGNET PCU document (Guillen 2020) and (Wright 2006)
[turbine]
type = ShaftConnectedCompressor1Phase
position = '${x7} ${y7} 0'
inlet = 'pipe6:out'
outlet = 'pipe7:in'
A_ref = ${A_ref_turb}
volume = ${V_turb}
# A turbine is treated as an "inverse" compressor, this value determines if component is to be treated as turbine or compressor
# If treat_as_turbine is omitted, code automatically assumes it is a compressor
treat_as_turbine = true
omega_rated = ${speed_rated}
mdot_rated = ${rated_mfr}
c0_rated = ${c0_rated_comp}
rho0_rated = ${rho0_rated_comp}
# Determines which compression ratio curve and efficiency curve to use depending on ratio of speed/rated_speed
speeds = '0 0.5208 0.6250 0.7292 0.8333 0.9375'
Rp_functions = 'rp_turb0 rp_turb1 rp_turb2 rp_turb3 rp_turb4 rp_turb5'
eff_functions = 'eff_turb1 eff_turb1 eff_turb2 eff_turb3 eff_turb4 eff_turb5'
min_pressure_ratio = 1.0
speed_cr_I = 0
inertia_const = ${I_turb}
inertia_coeff = '${I_turb} 0 0 0'
# assume no shaft friction
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_const = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
[]
# Outlet pipe from turbine
[pipe7]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x7} ${y7} 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = ${L7}
n_elems = ${n_elems7}
A = ${A7}
[]
# 90 degree connection between pipe 7 and 8
[junction7_hot_leg]
type = VolumeJunction1Phase
connections = 'pipe7:out hot_leg:in'
position = '${x8} ${y8} 0'
volume = ${fparse A7*0.1}
[]
# Hot leg of the recuperator
[hot_leg]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x8} ${y8} 0'
orientation = '0 1 0'
length = ${L8}
n_elems = ${n_elems8}
A = ${A8}
[]
# System outlet dumping exhaust gas to the atmosphere
[outlet]
type = Outlet1Phase
input = 'hot_leg:out'
p = ${p_ambient}
[]
# Roatating shaft connecting motor, compressor, turbine, and generator
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'motor compressor turbine generator'
initial_speed = ${speed_initial}
[]
# 3-Phase electircal motor used for system start-up, controlled by PID
[motor]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = ${I_motor}
torque = 0 # controlled
[]
# Electric generator supplying power to the grid
[generator]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = ${I_generator}
torque = generator_torque_fn
[]
[]
# Control logics which govern startup of the motor, startup of the "reactor core", and shutdown of the motor
[ControlLogic]
# Sets desired shaft speed to be reached by motor NOTE: SHOULD BE SET LOWER THAN RATED TURBINE RPM
[set_point]
type = GetFunctionValueControl
function = ${fparse speed_rated_rpm - 9000}
[]
# PID with gains determined by iterative process NOTE: Gain values are system specific
[initial_motor_PID]
type = PIDControl
set_point = set_point:value
input = shaft_RPM
initial_value = 0
K_p = 0.0011
K_i = 0.00000004
K_d = 0
[]
# Determines when the PID system should be running and when it should begin the shutdown cycle. If needed: PID output, else: shutdown function
[logic]
type = ParsedFunctionControl
function = 'if(motor+0.5 > turb, PID, shutdown_fn)'
symbol_names = 'motor turb PID shutdown_fn'
symbol_values = 'motor_torque turbine_torque initial_motor_PID:output motor_torque_fn_shutdown'
[]
# Takes the output generated in [logic] and applies it to the motor torque
[motor_PID]
type = SetComponentRealValueControl
component = motor
parameter = torque
value = logic:value
[]
# Determines when to turn on heat source
[power_logic]
type = ParsedFunctionControl
function = 'power_fn'
symbol_names = 'power_fn'
symbol_values = 'power_fn'
[]
# Applies heat source to the total_power block
[power_applied]
type = SetComponentRealValueControl
component = total_power
parameter = power
value = power_logic:value
[]
[]
[Controls]
# Enables set_PID_tripped
[PID_trip_status]
type = ConditionalFunctionEnableControl
conditional_function = is_tripped_fn
enable_objects = 'AuxScalarKernels::PID_trip_status_aux'
execute_on = 'TIMESTEP_END'
[]
# Enables set_time_PID
[time_PID]
type = ConditionalFunctionEnableControl
conditional_function = PID_tripped_status_fn
disable_objects = 'AuxScalarKernels::time_trip_aux'
execute_on = 'TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[]
[AuxVariables]
# Creates a variable that will later be set to the time when tau_turbine > tau_motor
[time_trip]
order = FIRST
family = SCALAR
[]
# Creates variable which indicates if tau_turbine > tau_motor....... If tau_motor > tau_turbine, 0, else 1
[PID_trip_status]
order = FIRST
family = SCALAR
initial_condition = 0
[]
[]
[AuxScalarKernels]
# Creates variable from time_fn which indicates when tau_turbine > tau_motor
[time_trip_aux]
type = FunctionScalarAux
function = time_fn
variable = time_trip
execute_on = 'TIMESTEP_END'
[]
# Overwrites variable PID_trip_status to the value from PID_tripped_constant_value (changes 0 to 1)
[PID_trip_status_aux]
type = FunctionScalarAux
function = PID_tripped_constant_value
variable = PID_trip_status
execute_on = 'TIMESTEP_END'
enable = false
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
# Indicates when tau_turbine > tau_motor
[trip_time]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = time_trip
execute_on = 'TIMESTEP_END'
[]
##########################
# Motor
##########################
[motor_torque]
type = RealComponentParameterValuePostprocessor
component = motor
parameter = torque
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[motor_power]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = motor_power_fn
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
##########################
# generator
##########################
[generator_torque]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
quantity = torque
shaft_connected_component_uo = generator:shaftconnected_uo
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[generator_power]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = generator_power_fn
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
##########################
# Shaft
##########################
# Speed in rad/s
[shaft_speed]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = 'shaft:omega'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
# speed in RPM
[shaft_RPM]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'shaft_speed'
expression = '(shaft_speed * 60) /( 2 * ${fparse pi})'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
##########################
# Compressor
##########################
[comp_dissipation_torque]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = 'compressor:dissipation_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[comp_isentropic_torque]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = 'compressor:isentropic_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[comp_friction_torque]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = 'compressor:friction_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[compressor_torque]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'comp_dissipation_torque comp_isentropic_torque comp_friction_torque'
expression = 'comp_dissipation_torque + comp_isentropic_torque + comp_friction_torque'
[]
[p_in_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x1_out} ${y1} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_out_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x2_in} ${y2} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_ratio_comp]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'p_in_comp p_out_comp'
expression = 'p_out_comp / p_in_comp'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[T_in_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x1_out} ${y1} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[T_out_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x2_in} ${y2} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[T_ratio_comp]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'T_in_comp T_out_comp'
expression = '(T_out_comp - T_in_comp) / T_out_comp'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[mfr_comp]
type = ADFlowJunctionFlux1Phase
boundary = pipe1:out
connection_index = 0
equation = mass
junction = compressor
[]
##########################
# turbine
##########################
[turb_dissipation_torque]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = 'turbine:dissipation_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turb_isentropic_torque]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = 'turbine:isentropic_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turb_friction_torque]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = 'turbine:friction_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turbine_torque]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'turb_dissipation_torque turb_isentropic_torque turb_friction_torque'
expression = 'turb_dissipation_torque + turb_isentropic_torque + turb_friction_torque'
[]
[p_in_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x6_out} ${y6} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_out_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x7_in} ${y7} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_ratio_turb]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'p_in_turb p_out_turb'
expression = 'p_in_turb / p_out_turb'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[T_in_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x6_out} ${y6} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[T_out_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x7_in} ${y7} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[mfr_turb]
type = ADFlowJunctionFlux1Phase
boundary = pipe6:out
connection_index = 0
equation = mass
junction = turbine
[]
##########################
# Recuperator
##########################
[cold_leg_in]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x3} ${cold_leg_in} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[cold_leg_out]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x3} ${cold_leg_out} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[hot_leg_in]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x8} ${hot_leg_in} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[hot_leg_out]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x8} ${hot_leg_out} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
##########################
# Reactor
##########################
[reactor_inlet]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x4} ${y4} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[reactor_outlet]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x5} ${y5_in} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'bdf2'
end_time = ${t3}
[TimeStepper]
type = IterationAdaptiveDT
dt = 0.01
growth_factor = 1.1
cutback_factor = 0.9
[]
dtmin = 1e-5
dtmax = 1000
steady_state_detection = true
steady_state_start_time = 200000
solve_type = NEWTON
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
nl_abs_tol = 1e-8
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 10
petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type'
petsc_options_value = ' lu '
[]
[Outputs]
[e]
type = Exodus
file_base = 'recuperated_brayton_cycle_out'
[]
[csv]
type = CSV
file_base = 'recuperated_brayton_cycle'
execute_vector_postprocessors_on = 'INITIAL'
[]
[console]
type = Console
show = 'shaft_speed p_ratio_comp p_ratio_turb compressor:pressure_ratio turbine:pressure_ratio'
[]
[]
(test/tests/controls/conditional_functional_enable/conditional_function_enable.i)
# This tests controllability of the enable parameter of a MOOSE object via a
# conditional function.
#
# There are 2 scalar variables, {u, v}, with the ODEs:
# du/dt = 1 u(0) = 0
# v = u v(0) = -10
# A control switches the ODE 'v = u' to the following ODE when u >= 1.99:
# dv/dt = 2
#
# 5 time steps (of size dt = 1) will be taken, and the predicted values are as follows:
# t u v
# ------------------
# 0 0 -10
# 1 1 1
# 2 2 2
# 3 3 4
# 4 4 6
# 5 5 8
u_initial = 0
u_growth = 1
u_threshold = 1.99
v_initial = -10
v_growth = 2
[Mesh]
type = GeneratedMesh
dim = 1
nx = 10
[]
[Variables]
[./u]
family = SCALAR
order = FIRST
[../]
[./v]
family = SCALAR
order = FIRST
[../]
[]
[ICs]
[./u_ic]
type = ScalarConstantIC
variable = u
value = ${u_initial}
[../]
[./v_ic]
type = ScalarConstantIC
variable = v
value = ${v_initial}
[../]
[]
[ScalarKernels]
[./u_time]
type = ODETimeDerivative
variable = u
[../]
[./u_src]
type = ParsedODEKernel
variable = u
expression = '-${u_growth}'
[../]
[./v_time]
type = ODETimeDerivative
variable = v
enable = false
[../]
[./v_src]
type = ParsedODEKernel
variable = v
expression = '-${v_growth}'
enable = false
[../]
[./v_constraint]
type = ParsedODEKernel
variable = v
coupled_variables = 'u'
expression = 'v - u'
[../]
[]
[Functions]
[./conditional_function]
type = ParsedFunction
symbol_names = 'u_sol'
symbol_values = 'u'
expression = 'u_sol >= ${u_threshold}'
[../]
[]
[Controls]
[./u_threshold]
type = ConditionalFunctionEnableControl
conditional_function = conditional_function
enable_objects = 'ScalarKernel::v_time ScalarKernel::v_src'
disable_objects = 'ScalarKernel::v_constraint'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[../]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = implicit-euler
dt = 1
num_steps = 5
abort_on_solve_fail = true
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
nl_abs_tol = 1e-8
[]
[Outputs]
csv = true
[]