- inertiaMoment of inertia from the motor [N-m]
C++ Type:FunctionName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Moment of inertia from the motor [N-m]
- torqueDriving torque supplied by the motor [kg-m^2]
C++ Type:FunctionName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Driving torque supplied by the motor [kg-m^2]
ShaftConnectedMotor
This component connects to a Shaft and applies a torque and moment of inertia from user-supplied functions. While this is named as a "motor" component, its applications are more generic; for example, it can be used to apply friction or other losses (such as the work applied to a generator) by applying negative torque.
Usage
The parameters "torque" and "inertia" take the names of Functions. The shaft speed is used in place of the time variable in these functions (and the space variables are discarded); therefore, the user is actually specifying the functions and , not and .
If dependence on time is desired, ControlLogic can be used. To do this, supply the name of a ConstantFunction and then control that function using the value of the time function (GetFunctionValueControl followed by SetRealValueControl). See the motor component in open_brayton_cycle.i for an example.
Input Parameters
- adTrueUse AD version or not
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Use AD version or not
Optional Parameters
- control_tagsAdds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:Adds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
- enableTrueSet the enabled status of the MooseObject.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Set the enabled status of the MooseObject.
Advanced Parameters
Input Files
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/components/shaft_connected_compressor_1phase/shaft_motor_compressor.i)
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/components/shaft_connected_turbine_1phase/turbine_startup.i)
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/misc/initial_from_file/shaft/steady_state.i)
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/components/shaft_connected_motor/clg.test.i)
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/problems/brayton_cycle/open_brayton_cycle.i)
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/problems/brayton_cycle/recuperated_brayton_cycle.i)
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/components/shaft_connected_turbine_1phase/shaft_motor_turbine.i)
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/postprocessors/shaft_connected_component_postprocessor/shaft_connected_component_postprocessor.i)
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/misc/initial_from_file/shaft/test.i)
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/components/shaft_connected_motor/test.i)
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/components/shaft_connected_pump_1phase/shaft_motor_pump.i)
- (modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/problems/brayton_cycle/closed_brayton_cycle.i)
torque
C++ Type:FunctionName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Driving torque supplied by the motor [kg-m^2]
inertia
C++ Type:FunctionName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Moment of inertia from the motor [N-m]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/problems/brayton_cycle/open_brayton_cycle.i)
# This input file is used to demonstrate a simple open-air Brayton cycle using
# a compressor, turbine, shaft, motor, and generator.
# The flow length is divided into 5 segments as illustrated below, where
# - "(I)" denotes the inlet
# - "(C)" denotes the compressor
# - "(T)" denotes the turbine
# - "(O)" denotes the outlet
# - "*" denotes a fictitious junction
#
# Heated section
# (I)-----(C)-----*--------------*-----(T)-----(O)
# 1 2 3 4 5
#
# Initially the fluid is at rest at ambient conditions, the shaft speed is zero,
# and no heat transfer occurs with the system.
# The transient is controlled as follows:
# * 0 - 100 s: motor ramps up torque linearly from zero
# * 100 - 200 s: motor ramps down torque linearly to zero, HTC ramps up linearly from zero.
# * 200 - 300 s: (no changes; should approach steady condition)
I_motor = 1.0
motor_torque_max = 400.0
I_generator = 1.0
generator_torque_per_shaft_speed = -0.00025
motor_ramp_up_duration = 100.0
motor_ramp_down_duration = 100.0
post_motor_time = 100.0
t1 = ${motor_ramp_up_duration}
t2 = ${fparse t1 + motor_ramp_down_duration}
t3 = ${fparse t2 + post_motor_time}
D1 = 0.15
D2 = ${D1}
D3 = ${D1}
D4 = ${D1}
D5 = ${D1}
A1 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D1^2}
A2 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D2^2}
A3 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D3^2}
A4 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D4^2}
A5 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D5^2}
L1 = 10.0
L2 = ${L1}
L3 = ${L1}
L4 = ${L1}
L5 = ${L1}
x1 = 0.0
x2 = ${fparse x1 + L1}
x3 = ${fparse x2 + L2}
x4 = ${fparse x3 + L3}
x5 = ${fparse x4 + L4}
x2_minus = ${fparse x2 - 0.001}
x2_plus = ${fparse x2 + 0.001}
x5_minus = ${fparse x5 - 0.001}
x5_plus = ${fparse x5 + 0.001}
n_elems1 = 10
n_elems2 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems3 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems4 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems5 = ${n_elems1}
A_ref_comp = ${fparse 0.5 * (A1 + A2)}
V_comp = ${fparse A_ref_comp * 1.0}
I_comp = 1.0
A_ref_turb = ${fparse 0.5 * (A4 + A5)}
V_turb = ${fparse A_ref_turb * 1.0}
I_turb = 1.0
c0_rated_comp = 351.6925137
rho0_rated_comp = 1.146881112
rated_mfr = 0.25
speed_rated_rpm = 96000
speed_rated = ${fparse speed_rated_rpm * 2 * pi / 60.0}
speed_initial = 0
eff_comp = 0.79
eff_turb = 0.843
T_hot = 1000
T_ambient = 300
p_ambient = 1e5
[GlobalParams]
orientation = '1 0 0'
gravity_vector = '0 0 0'
initial_p = ${p_ambient}
initial_T = ${T_ambient}
initial_vel = 0
initial_vel_x = 0
initial_vel_y = 0
initial_vel_z = 0
fp = fp_air
closures = closures
f = 0
scaling_factor_1phase = '1 1 1e-5'
scaling_factor_rhoV = 1
scaling_factor_rhouV = 1
scaling_factor_rhovV = 1
scaling_factor_rhowV = 1
scaling_factor_rhoEV = 1e-5
rdg_slope_reconstruction = none
[]
[Functions]
[motor_torque_time_fn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 ${t1} ${t2}'
y = '0 ${motor_torque_max} 0'
[]
[motor_torque_fn]
type = ConstantFunction
value = 0 # controlled
[]
[motor_power_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'torque * speed'
symbol_names = 'torque speed'
symbol_values = 'motor_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[generator_torque_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'slope * t'
symbol_names = 'slope'
symbol_values = '${generator_torque_per_shaft_speed}'
[]
[generator_power_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'torque * speed'
symbol_names = 'torque speed'
symbol_values = 'generator_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[htc_wall_fn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 ${t1} ${t2}'
y = '0 0 1e3'
[]
[]
[FluidProperties]
[fp_air]
type = IdealGasFluidProperties
emit_on_nan = none
[]
[]
[Closures]
[closures]
type = Closures1PhaseSimple
[]
[]
[Components]
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'motor compressor turbine generator'
initial_speed = ${speed_initial}
[]
[motor]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = ${I_motor}
torque = motor_torque_fn
[]
[generator]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = ${I_generator}
torque = generator_torque_fn
[]
[inlet]
type = InletStagnationPressureTemperature1Phase
input = 'pipe1:in'
p0 = ${p_ambient}
T0 = ${T_ambient}
[]
[pipe1]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x1} 0 0'
length = ${L1}
n_elems = ${n_elems1}
A = ${A1}
[]
[compressor]
type = ShaftConnectedCompressor1Phase
position = '${x2} 0 0'
inlet = 'pipe1:out'
outlet = 'pipe2:in'
A_ref = ${A_ref_comp}
volume = ${V_comp}
omega_rated = ${speed_rated}
mdot_rated = ${rated_mfr}
c0_rated = ${c0_rated_comp}
rho0_rated = ${rho0_rated_comp}
speeds = '0.5208 0.6250 0.7292 0.8333 0.9375'
Rp_functions = 'rp_comp1 rp_comp2 rp_comp3 rp_comp4 rp_comp5'
eff_functions = 'eff_comp1 eff_comp2 eff_comp3 eff_comp4 eff_comp5'
min_pressure_ratio = 1.0
speed_cr_I = 0
inertia_const = ${I_comp}
inertia_coeff = '${I_comp} 0 0 0'
# assume no shaft friction
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_const = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
[]
[pipe2]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x2} 0 0'
length = ${L2}
n_elems = ${n_elems2}
A = ${A2}
[]
[junction2_3]
type = JunctionOneToOne1Phase
connections = 'pipe2:out pipe3:in'
[]
[pipe3]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x3} 0 0'
length = ${L3}
n_elems = ${n_elems3}
A = ${A3}
[]
[junction3_4]
type = JunctionOneToOne1Phase
connections = 'pipe3:out pipe4:in'
[]
[pipe4]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x4} 0 0'
length = ${L4}
n_elems = ${n_elems4}
A = ${A4}
[]
[turbine]
type = ShaftConnectedCompressor1Phase
position = '${x5} 0 0'
inlet = 'pipe4:out'
outlet = 'pipe5:in'
A_ref = ${A_ref_turb}
volume = ${V_turb}
treat_as_turbine = true
omega_rated = ${speed_rated}
mdot_rated = ${rated_mfr}
c0_rated = ${c0_rated_comp}
rho0_rated = ${rho0_rated_comp}
speeds = '0 0.5208 0.6250 0.7292 0.8333 0.9375'
Rp_functions = 'rp_turb0 rp_turb1 rp_turb2 rp_turb3 rp_turb4 rp_turb5'
eff_functions = 'eff_turb1 eff_turb1 eff_turb2 eff_turb3 eff_turb4 eff_turb5'
min_pressure_ratio = 1.0
speed_cr_I = 0
inertia_const = ${I_turb}
inertia_coeff = '${I_turb} 0 0 0'
# assume no shaft friction
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_const = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
[]
[pipe5]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x5} 0 0'
length = ${L5}
n_elems = ${n_elems5}
A = ${A5}
[]
[outlet]
type = Outlet1Phase
input = 'pipe5:out'
p = ${p_ambient}
[]
[heating]
type = HeatTransferFromSpecifiedTemperature1Phase
flow_channel = pipe3
T_wall = ${T_hot}
Hw = htc_wall_fn
[]
[]
[ControlLogic]
[get_motor_torque_control]
type = GetFunctionValueControl
function = motor_torque_time_fn
[]
[set_motor_torque_control]
type = SetRealValueControl
parameter = Functions/motor_torque_fn/value
value = get_motor_torque_control:value
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[heating_rate]
type = ADHeatRateConvection1Phase
block = 'pipe3'
T = T
T_wall = T_wall
Hw = Hw
P_hf = P_hf
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[motor_torque]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
quantity = torque
shaft_connected_component_uo = motor:shaftconnected_uo
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[motor_power]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = motor_power_fn
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
indirect_dependencies = 'motor_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[generator_torque]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
quantity = torque
shaft_connected_component_uo = generator:shaftconnected_uo
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[generator_power]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = generator_power_fn
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
indirect_dependencies = 'generator_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[shaft_speed]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = 'shaft:omega'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_in_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x2_minus} 0 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_out_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x2_plus} 0 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_ratio_comp]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'p_in_comp p_out_comp'
expression = 'p_out_comp / p_in_comp'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_in_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x5_minus} 0 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_out_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x5_plus} 0 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_ratio_turb]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'p_in_turb p_out_turb'
expression = 'p_in_turb / p_out_turb'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[mfr_comp]
type = ADFlowJunctionFlux1Phase
boundary = pipe1:out
connection_index = 0
equation = mass
junction = compressor
[]
[mfr_turb]
type = ADFlowJunctionFlux1Phase
boundary = pipe4:out
connection_index = 0
equation = mass
junction = turbine
[]
[compressor:isentropic_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'compressor'
variable = 'isentropic_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[compressor:dissipation_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'compressor'
variable = 'dissipation_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[compressor:friction_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'compressor'
variable = 'friction_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turbine:isentropic_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'turbine'
variable = 'isentropic_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turbine:dissipation_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'turbine'
variable = 'dissipation_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turbine:friction_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'turbine'
variable = 'friction_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[pc]
type = SMP
full = true
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'bdf2'
end_time = ${t3}
[TimeStepper]
type = IterationAdaptiveDT
optimal_iterations = 5
iteration_window = 0
dt = 0.1
growth_factor = 1.2
cutback_factor = 0.8
[]
dtmin = 1e-3
dtmax = 10
solve_type = NEWTON
nl_rel_tol = 1e-50
nl_abs_tol = 1e-10
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 10
[]
[Outputs]
[csv]
type = CSV
file_base = 'open_brayton_cycle'
execute_vector_postprocessors_on = 'INITIAL'
[]
[console]
type = Console
show = 'shaft_speed p_ratio_comp p_ratio_turb compressor:pressure_ratio turbine:pressure_ratio'
[]
[]
[Functions]
# compressor pressure ratio
[rp_comp1]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp1.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp2]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp2.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp3]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp3.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp4]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp4.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp5]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp5.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
# compressor efficiency
[eff_comp1]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp2]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp3]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp4]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp5]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
# turbine pressure ratio
[rp_turb0]
type = ConstantFunction
value = 1
[]
[rp_turb1]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb1.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb2]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb2.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb3]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb3.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb4]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb4.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb5]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb5.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
# turbine efficiency
[eff_turb1]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb2]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb3]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb4]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb5]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/components/shaft_connected_compressor_1phase/shaft_motor_compressor.i)
area = 0.2359
dt = 1.e-3
[GlobalParams]
initial_p = 1e5
initial_T = 288
initial_vel = 60
initial_vel_x = 60
initial_vel_y = 0
initial_vel_z = 0
A = ${area}
A_ref = ${area}
f = 100
scaling_factor_1phase = '0.04 0.04 0.04e-5'
closures = simple_closures
fp = fp
[]
[FluidProperties]
[fp]
type = IdealGasFluidProperties
[]
[]
[Closures]
[simple_closures]
type = Closures1PhaseSimple
[]
[]
[Components]
[compressor]
type = ShaftConnectedCompressor1Phase
inlet = 'pipe:out'
outlet = 'pipe:in'
position = '0 0 0'
scaling_factor_rhoEV = 1e-5
volume = ${fparse area*0.45}
inertia_coeff = '1 1 1 1'
inertia_const = 1.61397
speed_cr_I = 1e12
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
tau_fr_const = 0
omega_rated = 200
mdot_rated = 21.74
rho0_rated = 1.1812
c0_rated = 340
speeds = '0.0 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 2'
Rp_functions = 'Rp00 Rp04 Rp05 Rp06 Rp07 Rp08 Rp09 Rp10 Rp11 Rp11'
eff_functions = 'eff00 eff04 eff05 eff06 eff07 eff08 eff09 eff10 eff11 eff11'
[]
[pipe]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '0.1 0 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = 10
n_elems = 20
[]
[motor]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = 1e2
torque = 100
[]
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'motor compressor'
initial_speed = 100
[]
[]
[Functions]
[Rp00]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 0.3736 0.4216'
y = '1 0.9701 0.9619'
[]
[eff00]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 0.3736 0.4216'
y = '0.001 0.8941 0.6641'
[]
[Rp04]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.3736 0.3745 0.3753 0.3762 0.3770 0.3919 0.4067 0.4216 0.4826'
y = '1.0789 1.0779 1.0771 1.0759 1.0749 1.0570 1.0388 1.0204 0.9450'
[]
[eff04]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.3736 0.3745 0.3753 0.3762 0.3770 0.3919 0.4067 0.4216 0.4826'
y = '0.8941 0.8929 0.8925 0.8915 0.8901 0.8601 0.7986 0.6641 0.1115'
[]
[Rp05]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.3736 0.4026 0.4106 0.4186 0.4266 0.4346 0.4426 0.4506 0.4586 0.4666 0.4746 0.4826 0.5941'
y = '1.2898 1.2442 1.2316 1.2189 1.2066 1.1930 1.1804 1.1677 1.1542 1.1413 1.1279 1.1150 0.9357'
[]
[eff05]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.3736 0.4026 0.4106 0.4186 0.4266 0.4346 0.4426 0.4506 0.4586 0.4666 0.4746 0.4826 0.5941'
y = '0.9281 0.9263 0.9258 0.9244 0.9226 0.9211 0.9195 0.9162 0.9116 0.9062 0.8995 0.8914 0.7793'
[]
[Rp06]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.4026 0.4613 0.4723 0.4834 0.4945 0.5055 0.5166 0.5277 0.5387 0.5609 0.5719 0.583 0.5941 0.7124'
y = '1.5533 1.4438 1.4232 1.4011 1.3793 1.3589 1.3354 1.3100 1.2867 1.2376 1.2131 1.1887 1.1636 0.896'
[]
[eff06]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.4026 0.4613 0.4723 0.4834 0.4945 0.5055 0.5166 0.5277 0.5387 0.5609 0.5719 0.583 0.5941 0.7124'
y = '0.9148 0.9255 0.9275 0.9277 0.9282 0.9295 0.9290 0.9269 0.9242 0.9146 0.9080 0.900 0.8920 0.8061'
[]
[Rp07]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.4613 0.5447 0.5587 0.5726 0.5866 0.6006 0.6145 0.6285 0.6425 0.6565 0.6704 0.6844 0.6984 0.7124 0.8358'
y = '1.8740 1.6857 1.6541 1.6168 1.5811 1.5430 1.5067 1.4684 1.4292 1.3891 1.3479 1.3061 1.2628 1.2208 0.8498'
[]
[eff07]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.4613 0.5447 0.5587 0.5726 0.5866 0.6006 0.6145 0.6285 0.6425 0.6565 0.6704 0.6844 0.6984 0.7124 0.8358'
y = '0.9004 0.9232 0.9270 0.9294 0.9298 0.9312 0.9310 0.9290 0.9264 0.9225 0.9191 0.9128 0.9030 0.8904 0.7789'
[]
[Rp08]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.5447 0.6638 0.6810 0.6982 0.7154 0.7326 0.7498 0.7670 0.7842 0.8014 0.8186 0.8358 0.9702'
y = '2.3005 1.9270 1.8732 1.8195 1.7600 1.7010 1.6357 1.5697 1.5019 1.4327 1.3638 1.2925 0.7347'
[]
[eff08]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.5447 0.6638 0.6810 0.6982 0.7154 0.7326 0.7498 0.7670 0.7842 0.8014 0.8186 0.8358 0.9702'
y = '0.9102 0.9276 0.9301 0.9313 0.9319 0.9318 0.9293 0.9256 0.9231 0.9153 0.9040 0.8933 0.8098'
[]
[Rp09]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.6638 0.7762 0.7938 0.8115 0.8291 0.8467 0.8644 0.8820 0.8997 0.9173 0.9349 0.9526 0.9702 1.1107 1.25120'
y = '2.6895 2.2892 2.2263 2.1611 2.0887 2.0061 1.9211 1.8302 1.7409 1.6482 1.5593 1.4612 1.3586 0.5422 -0.2742'
[]
[eff09]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.6638 0.7762 0.7938 0.8115 0.8291 0.8467 0.8644 0.8820 0.8997 0.9173 0.9349 0.9526 0.9702 1.1107 1.2512'
y = '0.8961 0.9243 0.9288 0.9323 0.9330 0.9325 0.9319 0.9284 0.9254 0.9215 0.9134 0.9051 0.8864 0.7380 0.5896'
[]
[Rp10]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.7762 0.9255 0.9284 0.9461 0.9546 0.9816 0.9968 1.0170 1.039 1.0525 1.0812 1.0880 1.1056 1.1107 1.2511'
y = '3.3162 2.6391 2.6261 2.5425 2.5000 2.3469 2.2521 2.1211 1.974 1.8806 1.6701 1.6169 1.4710 1.4257 0.1817'
[]
[eff10]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.7762 0.9255 0.9284 0.9461 0.9546 0.9816 0.9968 1.0170 1.0390 1.0525 1.0812 1.0880 1.1056 1.1107 1.2511'
y = '0.8991 0.9276 0.9281 0.9308 0.9317 0.9329 0.9318 0.9291 0.9252 0.9223 0.9116 0.9072 0.8913 0.8844 0.6937'
[]
[Rp11]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.9255 1.0749 1.134 1.2511'
y = '3.9586 2.9889 2.605 1.4928'
[]
[eff11]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0.9255 1.0749 1.1340 1.2511'
y = '0.9257 0.9308 0.9328 0.8823'
[]
[S_energy_fcn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = '-(tau_isen+tau_diss)*omega'
symbol_names = 'tau_isen tau_diss omega'
symbol_values = 'isentropic_torque dissipation_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[energy_conservation_fcn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = '(E_change - S_energy * dt) / E_tot'
symbol_names = 'E_change S_energy dt E_tot'
symbol_values = 'E_change S_energy ${dt} E_tot'
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[isentropic_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = isentropic_torque
block = 'compressor'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[dissipation_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = dissipation_torque
block = 'compressor'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
# mass conservation
[mass_pipes]
type = ElementIntegralVariablePostprocessor
variable = rhoA
block = 'pipe'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[mass_compressor]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = rhoV
block = 'compressor'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[mass_tot]
type = SumPostprocessor
values = 'mass_pipes mass_compressor'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[mass_conservation]
type = ChangeOverTimePostprocessor
postprocessor = mass_tot
change_with_respect_to_initial = true
compute_relative_change = true
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
# energy conservation
[E_pipes]
type = ElementIntegralVariablePostprocessor
variable = rhoEA
block = 'pipe'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[E_compressor]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = rhoEV
block = 'compressor'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[E_tot]
type = LinearCombinationPostprocessor
pp_coefs = '1 1'
pp_names = 'E_pipes E_compressor'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[S_energy]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = S_energy_fcn
indirect_dependencies = 'isentropic_torque dissipation_torque'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[E_change]
type = ChangeOverTimePostprocessor
postprocessor = E_tot
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
# This should also execute on initial. This value is
# lagged by one timestep as a workaround to moose issue #13262.
[energy_conservation]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = energy_conservation_fcn
execute_on = 'timestep_end'
indirect_dependencies = 'E_tot E_change S_energy'
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[SMP_PJFNK]
type = SMP
full = true
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'implicit-euler'
dt = ${dt}
num_steps = 6
solve_type = 'NEWTON'
line_search = 'basic'
petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type'
petsc_options_value = ' lu'
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
nl_abs_tol = 1e-6
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 10
[Quadrature]
type = GAUSS
order = SECOND
[]
[]
[Outputs]
velocity_as_vector = false
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/components/shaft_connected_turbine_1phase/turbine_startup.i)
# This test tests that the turbine can startup from rest and reach full power.
# The mass flow rate for the inlet component is ramped up over 10s. The dyno
# component and pid_ctrl controler are used to maintain the turbine's rated shaft
# speed. The turbine should supply ~1e6 W of power to the shaft by the end of the test.
omega_rated = 450
mdot = 5.0
T_in = 1000.0
p_out = 1e6
[GlobalParams]
f = 1
scaling_factor_1phase = '0.04 0.04 0.04e-5'
closures = simple_closures
n_elems = 20
initial_T = ${T_in}
initial_p = ${p_out}
initial_vel = 0
initial_vel_x = 0
initial_vel_y = 0
initial_vel_z = 0
[]
[FluidProperties]
[eos]
type = IdealGasFluidProperties
[]
[]
[Closures]
[simple_closures]
type = Closures1PhaseSimple
[]
[]
[Components]
[ch_in]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '-1 0 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = 1
A = 0.1
D_h = 1
fp = eos
[]
[inlet]
type = InletMassFlowRateTemperature1Phase
input = 'ch_in:in'
m_dot = 0
T = ${T_in}
[]
[turbine]
type = ShaftConnectedTurbine1Phase
inlet = 'ch_in:out'
outlet = 'ch_out:in'
position = '0 0 0'
scaling_factor_rhoEV = 1e-5
A_ref = 0.1
volume = 0.0002
inertia_coeff = '1 1 1 1'
inertia_const = 1.61397
speed_cr_I = 1e12
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
tau_fr_const = 0
omega_rated = ${omega_rated}
D_wheel = 0.4
head_coefficient = head
power_coefficient = power
[]
[ch_out]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '0 0 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = 1
A = 0.1
D_h = 1
fp = eos
[]
[outlet]
type = Outlet1Phase
input = 'ch_out:out'
p = ${p_out}
[]
[dyno]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = 10
torque = dyno_torque_fn
[]
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'turbine dyno'
initial_speed = ${omega_rated}
[]
[]
[Functions]
[head]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 7e-3 1e-2'
y = '0 15 20'
[]
[power]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 6e-3 1e-2'
y = '0 0.05 0.18'
[]
[mfr_fn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 10'
y = '1e-6 ${mdot}'
[]
[dts]
type = PiecewiseConstant
y = '5e-3 1e-2 5e-2 5e-1'
x = '0 0.5 1 10'
[]
[dyno_torque_fn]
type = ConstantFunction
value = -450 # controlled
[]
[]
[ControlLogic]
[mfr_cntrl]
type = TimeFunctionComponentControl
component = inlet
parameter = m_dot
function = mfr_fn
[]
[speed_set_point]
type = GetFunctionValueControl
function = ${omega_rated}
[]
[pid_ctrl]
type = PIDControl
input = omega
set_point = speed_set_point:value
K_i = 2
K_p = 5
K_d = 5
initial_value = -450
[]
[set_torque_value]
type = SetRealValueControl
parameter = Functions/dyno_torque_fn/value
value = pid_ctrl:output
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[omega]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = shaft:omega
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[flow_coefficient]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = flow_coeff
block = 'turbine'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[delta_p]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = delta_p
block = 'turbine'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[power]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = power
block = 'turbine'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[SMP]
type = SMP
full = true
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'implicit-euler'
start_time = 0
[TimeStepper]
type = FunctionDT
function = dts
[]
end_time = 20
abort_on_solve_fail = true
solve_type = 'PJFNK'
line_search = 'basic'
nl_rel_tol = 1e-6
nl_abs_tol = 1e-4
nl_max_its = 30
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 20
[Quadrature]
type = GAUSS
order = SECOND
[]
[]
[Outputs]
[console]
type = Console
max_rows = 1
[]
print_linear_residuals = false
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/misc/initial_from_file/shaft/steady_state.i)
[SolidProperties]
[mat]
type = ThermalFunctionSolidProperties
rho = 1
cp = 1
k = 1
[]
[]
[Components]
[motor]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = 1
torque = 2
[]
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'motor'
initial_speed = 1
[]
[hs]
type = HeatStructureCylindrical
position = '0 0 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = 1
n_elems = 1
names = '0'
n_part_elems = 1
widths = '1'
solid_properties = 'mat'
solid_properties_T_ref = '300'
initial_T = 300
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[SMP]
type = SMP
full = true
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'bdf2'
start_time = 0
num_steps = 5
abort_on_solve_fail = true
solve_type = 'NEWTON'
line_search = 'basic'
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
nl_abs_tol = 1e-6
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 10
[]
[Outputs]
exodus = true
execute_on = 'initial final'
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/components/shaft_connected_motor/clg.test.i)
[Functions]
[torque_fn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
xy_data = '
0 2
1 3'
[]
[inertia_fn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
xy_data = '
0 1
1 2'
[]
[]
[SolidProperties]
[mat]
type = ThermalFunctionSolidProperties
rho = 1
cp = 1
k = 1
[]
[]
[Components]
[motor]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = inertia_fn
torque = torque_fn
[]
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'motor'
initial_speed = 0
[]
[hs]
type = HeatStructureCylindrical
position = '0 0 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = 1
n_elems = 1
names = '0'
n_part_elems = 1
widths = '1'
solid_properties = 'mat'
solid_properties_T_ref = '300'
initial_T = 300
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[inertia]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
shaft_connected_component_uo = motor:shaftconnected_uo
quantity = inertia
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[torque]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
shaft_connected_component_uo = motor:shaftconnected_uo
quantity = torque
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[SMP_PJFNK]
type = SMP
full = true
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'bdf2'
start_time = 0
num_steps = 5
dt = 0.2
abort_on_solve_fail = true
solve_type = 'PJFNK'
line_search = 'basic'
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
nl_abs_tol = 1e-6
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 10
[]
[Outputs]
csv = true
show = 'torque inertia'
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/problems/brayton_cycle/open_brayton_cycle.i)
# This input file is used to demonstrate a simple open-air Brayton cycle using
# a compressor, turbine, shaft, motor, and generator.
# The flow length is divided into 5 segments as illustrated below, where
# - "(I)" denotes the inlet
# - "(C)" denotes the compressor
# - "(T)" denotes the turbine
# - "(O)" denotes the outlet
# - "*" denotes a fictitious junction
#
# Heated section
# (I)-----(C)-----*--------------*-----(T)-----(O)
# 1 2 3 4 5
#
# Initially the fluid is at rest at ambient conditions, the shaft speed is zero,
# and no heat transfer occurs with the system.
# The transient is controlled as follows:
# * 0 - 100 s: motor ramps up torque linearly from zero
# * 100 - 200 s: motor ramps down torque linearly to zero, HTC ramps up linearly from zero.
# * 200 - 300 s: (no changes; should approach steady condition)
I_motor = 1.0
motor_torque_max = 400.0
I_generator = 1.0
generator_torque_per_shaft_speed = -0.00025
motor_ramp_up_duration = 100.0
motor_ramp_down_duration = 100.0
post_motor_time = 100.0
t1 = ${motor_ramp_up_duration}
t2 = ${fparse t1 + motor_ramp_down_duration}
t3 = ${fparse t2 + post_motor_time}
D1 = 0.15
D2 = ${D1}
D3 = ${D1}
D4 = ${D1}
D5 = ${D1}
A1 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D1^2}
A2 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D2^2}
A3 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D3^2}
A4 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D4^2}
A5 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D5^2}
L1 = 10.0
L2 = ${L1}
L3 = ${L1}
L4 = ${L1}
L5 = ${L1}
x1 = 0.0
x2 = ${fparse x1 + L1}
x3 = ${fparse x2 + L2}
x4 = ${fparse x3 + L3}
x5 = ${fparse x4 + L4}
x2_minus = ${fparse x2 - 0.001}
x2_plus = ${fparse x2 + 0.001}
x5_minus = ${fparse x5 - 0.001}
x5_plus = ${fparse x5 + 0.001}
n_elems1 = 10
n_elems2 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems3 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems4 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems5 = ${n_elems1}
A_ref_comp = ${fparse 0.5 * (A1 + A2)}
V_comp = ${fparse A_ref_comp * 1.0}
I_comp = 1.0
A_ref_turb = ${fparse 0.5 * (A4 + A5)}
V_turb = ${fparse A_ref_turb * 1.0}
I_turb = 1.0
c0_rated_comp = 351.6925137
rho0_rated_comp = 1.146881112
rated_mfr = 0.25
speed_rated_rpm = 96000
speed_rated = ${fparse speed_rated_rpm * 2 * pi / 60.0}
speed_initial = 0
eff_comp = 0.79
eff_turb = 0.843
T_hot = 1000
T_ambient = 300
p_ambient = 1e5
[GlobalParams]
orientation = '1 0 0'
gravity_vector = '0 0 0'
initial_p = ${p_ambient}
initial_T = ${T_ambient}
initial_vel = 0
initial_vel_x = 0
initial_vel_y = 0
initial_vel_z = 0
fp = fp_air
closures = closures
f = 0
scaling_factor_1phase = '1 1 1e-5'
scaling_factor_rhoV = 1
scaling_factor_rhouV = 1
scaling_factor_rhovV = 1
scaling_factor_rhowV = 1
scaling_factor_rhoEV = 1e-5
rdg_slope_reconstruction = none
[]
[Functions]
[motor_torque_time_fn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 ${t1} ${t2}'
y = '0 ${motor_torque_max} 0'
[]
[motor_torque_fn]
type = ConstantFunction
value = 0 # controlled
[]
[motor_power_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'torque * speed'
symbol_names = 'torque speed'
symbol_values = 'motor_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[generator_torque_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'slope * t'
symbol_names = 'slope'
symbol_values = '${generator_torque_per_shaft_speed}'
[]
[generator_power_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'torque * speed'
symbol_names = 'torque speed'
symbol_values = 'generator_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[htc_wall_fn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 ${t1} ${t2}'
y = '0 0 1e3'
[]
[]
[FluidProperties]
[fp_air]
type = IdealGasFluidProperties
emit_on_nan = none
[]
[]
[Closures]
[closures]
type = Closures1PhaseSimple
[]
[]
[Components]
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'motor compressor turbine generator'
initial_speed = ${speed_initial}
[]
[motor]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = ${I_motor}
torque = motor_torque_fn
[]
[generator]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = ${I_generator}
torque = generator_torque_fn
[]
[inlet]
type = InletStagnationPressureTemperature1Phase
input = 'pipe1:in'
p0 = ${p_ambient}
T0 = ${T_ambient}
[]
[pipe1]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x1} 0 0'
length = ${L1}
n_elems = ${n_elems1}
A = ${A1}
[]
[compressor]
type = ShaftConnectedCompressor1Phase
position = '${x2} 0 0'
inlet = 'pipe1:out'
outlet = 'pipe2:in'
A_ref = ${A_ref_comp}
volume = ${V_comp}
omega_rated = ${speed_rated}
mdot_rated = ${rated_mfr}
c0_rated = ${c0_rated_comp}
rho0_rated = ${rho0_rated_comp}
speeds = '0.5208 0.6250 0.7292 0.8333 0.9375'
Rp_functions = 'rp_comp1 rp_comp2 rp_comp3 rp_comp4 rp_comp5'
eff_functions = 'eff_comp1 eff_comp2 eff_comp3 eff_comp4 eff_comp5'
min_pressure_ratio = 1.0
speed_cr_I = 0
inertia_const = ${I_comp}
inertia_coeff = '${I_comp} 0 0 0'
# assume no shaft friction
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_const = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
[]
[pipe2]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x2} 0 0'
length = ${L2}
n_elems = ${n_elems2}
A = ${A2}
[]
[junction2_3]
type = JunctionOneToOne1Phase
connections = 'pipe2:out pipe3:in'
[]
[pipe3]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x3} 0 0'
length = ${L3}
n_elems = ${n_elems3}
A = ${A3}
[]
[junction3_4]
type = JunctionOneToOne1Phase
connections = 'pipe3:out pipe4:in'
[]
[pipe4]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x4} 0 0'
length = ${L4}
n_elems = ${n_elems4}
A = ${A4}
[]
[turbine]
type = ShaftConnectedCompressor1Phase
position = '${x5} 0 0'
inlet = 'pipe4:out'
outlet = 'pipe5:in'
A_ref = ${A_ref_turb}
volume = ${V_turb}
treat_as_turbine = true
omega_rated = ${speed_rated}
mdot_rated = ${rated_mfr}
c0_rated = ${c0_rated_comp}
rho0_rated = ${rho0_rated_comp}
speeds = '0 0.5208 0.6250 0.7292 0.8333 0.9375'
Rp_functions = 'rp_turb0 rp_turb1 rp_turb2 rp_turb3 rp_turb4 rp_turb5'
eff_functions = 'eff_turb1 eff_turb1 eff_turb2 eff_turb3 eff_turb4 eff_turb5'
min_pressure_ratio = 1.0
speed_cr_I = 0
inertia_const = ${I_turb}
inertia_coeff = '${I_turb} 0 0 0'
# assume no shaft friction
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_const = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
[]
[pipe5]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x5} 0 0'
length = ${L5}
n_elems = ${n_elems5}
A = ${A5}
[]
[outlet]
type = Outlet1Phase
input = 'pipe5:out'
p = ${p_ambient}
[]
[heating]
type = HeatTransferFromSpecifiedTemperature1Phase
flow_channel = pipe3
T_wall = ${T_hot}
Hw = htc_wall_fn
[]
[]
[ControlLogic]
[get_motor_torque_control]
type = GetFunctionValueControl
function = motor_torque_time_fn
[]
[set_motor_torque_control]
type = SetRealValueControl
parameter = Functions/motor_torque_fn/value
value = get_motor_torque_control:value
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[heating_rate]
type = ADHeatRateConvection1Phase
block = 'pipe3'
T = T
T_wall = T_wall
Hw = Hw
P_hf = P_hf
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[motor_torque]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
quantity = torque
shaft_connected_component_uo = motor:shaftconnected_uo
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[motor_power]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = motor_power_fn
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
indirect_dependencies = 'motor_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[generator_torque]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
quantity = torque
shaft_connected_component_uo = generator:shaftconnected_uo
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[generator_power]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = generator_power_fn
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
indirect_dependencies = 'generator_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[shaft_speed]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = 'shaft:omega'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_in_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x2_minus} 0 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_out_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x2_plus} 0 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_ratio_comp]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'p_in_comp p_out_comp'
expression = 'p_out_comp / p_in_comp'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_in_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x5_minus} 0 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_out_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x5_plus} 0 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_ratio_turb]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'p_in_turb p_out_turb'
expression = 'p_in_turb / p_out_turb'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[mfr_comp]
type = ADFlowJunctionFlux1Phase
boundary = pipe1:out
connection_index = 0
equation = mass
junction = compressor
[]
[mfr_turb]
type = ADFlowJunctionFlux1Phase
boundary = pipe4:out
connection_index = 0
equation = mass
junction = turbine
[]
[compressor:isentropic_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'compressor'
variable = 'isentropic_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[compressor:dissipation_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'compressor'
variable = 'dissipation_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[compressor:friction_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'compressor'
variable = 'friction_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turbine:isentropic_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'turbine'
variable = 'isentropic_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turbine:dissipation_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'turbine'
variable = 'dissipation_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turbine:friction_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'turbine'
variable = 'friction_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[pc]
type = SMP
full = true
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'bdf2'
end_time = ${t3}
[TimeStepper]
type = IterationAdaptiveDT
optimal_iterations = 5
iteration_window = 0
dt = 0.1
growth_factor = 1.2
cutback_factor = 0.8
[]
dtmin = 1e-3
dtmax = 10
solve_type = NEWTON
nl_rel_tol = 1e-50
nl_abs_tol = 1e-10
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 10
[]
[Outputs]
[csv]
type = CSV
file_base = 'open_brayton_cycle'
execute_vector_postprocessors_on = 'INITIAL'
[]
[console]
type = Console
show = 'shaft_speed p_ratio_comp p_ratio_turb compressor:pressure_ratio turbine:pressure_ratio'
[]
[]
[Functions]
# compressor pressure ratio
[rp_comp1]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp1.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp2]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp2.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp3]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp3.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp4]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp4.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp5]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp5.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
# compressor efficiency
[eff_comp1]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp2]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp3]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp4]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp5]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
# turbine pressure ratio
[rp_turb0]
type = ConstantFunction
value = 1
[]
[rp_turb1]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb1.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb2]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb2.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb3]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb3.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb4]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb4.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb5]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb5.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
# turbine efficiency
[eff_turb1]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb2]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb3]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb4]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb5]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/problems/brayton_cycle/recuperated_brayton_cycle.i)
# This input file models an open, recuperated Brayton cycle with a PID
# controlled start up using a coupled motor.
#
# Heat is supplied to the system by a volumetric heat source, and a second heat
# source is used to model a recuperator. The recuperator transfers heat from the
# turbine exhaust gas to the compressor outlet gas.
#
# Initially the fluid and heat structures are at rest at ambient conditions,
# and the shaft speed is zero.
# The transient is controlled as follows:
# * 0 - 2000 s: Motor increases shaft speed to approx. 85,000 RPM by PID control
# * 1000 - 8600 s: Power in main heat source increases from 0 - 104 kW
# * 2000 - 200000 s: Torque supplied by turbine increases to steady state level
# as working fluid temperature increases. Torque supplied by
# the motor is ramped down to 0 N-m transitioning shaft control
# to the turbine at its rated speed of 96,000 RPM.
I_motor = 1.0
I_generator = 1.0
generator_torque_per_shaft_speed = -0.00025
motor_ramp_up_duration = 3605
motor_ramp_down_duration = 1800
post_motor_time = 2160000
t1 = ${motor_ramp_up_duration}
t2 = ${fparse t1 + motor_ramp_down_duration}
t3 = ${fparse t2 + post_motor_time}
D1 = 0.15
D2 = ${D1}
D3 = ${D1}
D4 = ${D1}
D5 = ${D1}
D6 = ${D1}
D7 = ${D1}
D8 = ${D1}
A1 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D1^2}
A2 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D2^2}
A3 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D3^2}
A4 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D4^2}
A5 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D5^2}
A6 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D6^2}
A7 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D7^2}
A8 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D8^2}
recuperator_width = 0.15
L1 = 5.0
L2 = ${L1}
L3 = ${fparse 2 * L1}
L4 = ${fparse 2 * L1}
L5 = ${L1}
L6 = ${L1}
L7 = ${fparse L1 + recuperator_width}
L8 = ${L1}
x1 = 0.0
x2 = ${fparse x1 + L1}
x3 = ${fparse x2 + L2}
x4 = ${x3}
x5 = ${fparse x4 - L4}
x6 = ${x5}
x7 = ${fparse x6 + L6}
x8 = ${fparse x7 + L7}
y1 = 0
y2 = ${y1}
y3 = ${y2}
y4 = ${fparse y3 - L3}
y5 = ${y4}
y6 = ${fparse y5 + L5}
y7 = ${y6}
y8 = ${y7}
x1_out = ${fparse x1 + L1 - 0.001}
x2_in = ${fparse x2 + 0.001}
y5_in = ${fparse y5 + 0.001}
x6_out = ${fparse x6 + L6 - 0.001}
x7_in = ${fparse x7 + 0.001}
y8_in = ${fparse y8 + 0.001}
y8_out = ${fparse y8 + L8 - 0.001}
hot_leg_in = ${y8_in}
hot_leg_out = ${y8_out}
cold_leg_in = ${fparse y3 - 0.001}
cold_leg_out = ${fparse y3 - (L3/2) - 0.001}
n_elems1 = 5
n_elems2 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems3 = ${fparse 2 * n_elems1}
n_elems4 = ${fparse 2 * n_elems1}
n_elems5 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems6 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems7 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems8 = ${n_elems1}
A_ref_comp = ${fparse 0.5 * (A1 + A2)}
V_comp = ${fparse A_ref_comp * 1.0}
I_comp = 1.0
A_ref_turb = ${fparse 0.5 * (A4 + A5)}
V_turb = ${fparse A_ref_turb * 1.0}
I_turb = 1.0
c0_rated_comp = 351.6925137
rho0_rated_comp = 1.146881112
rated_mfr = 0.25
speed_rated_rpm = 96000
speed_rated = ${fparse speed_rated_rpm * 2 * pi / 60.0}
speed_initial = 0
eff_comp = 0.79
eff_turb = 0.843
T_ambient = 300
p_ambient = 1e5
hs_power = 105750
[GlobalParams]
gravity_vector = '0 0 0'
initial_p = ${p_ambient}
initial_T = ${T_ambient}
initial_vel = 0
initial_vel_x = 0
initial_vel_y = 0
initial_vel_z = 0
fp = fp_air
closures = closures
f = 0
scaling_factor_1phase = '1 1 1e-5'
scaling_factor_rhoV = 1
scaling_factor_rhouV = 1e-2
scaling_factor_rhovV = 1e-2
scaling_factor_rhowV = 1e-2
scaling_factor_rhoEV = 1e-5
scaling_factor_temperature = 1e-2
rdg_slope_reconstruction = none
[]
[FluidProperties]
[fp_air]
type = IdealGasFluidProperties
emit_on_nan = none
[]
[]
[SolidProperties]
[steel]
type = ThermalFunctionSolidProperties
rho = 8050
k = 45
cp = 466
[]
[]
[Closures]
[closures]
type = Closures1PhaseSimple
[]
[]
[Functions]
##########################
# Motor
##########################
# Functions for control logic that determines when to shut off the PID system
[is_tripped_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
symbol_names = 'motor_torque turbine_torque'
symbol_values = 'motor_torque turbine_torque'
expression = 'turbine_torque > motor_torque'
[]
[PID_tripped_constant_value]
type = ConstantFunction
value = 1
[]
[PID_tripped_status_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
symbol_values = 'PID_trip_status'
symbol_names = 'PID_trip_status'
expression = 'PID_trip_status'
[]
[time_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = t
[]
# Shutdown function which ramps down the motor once told by the control logic
[motor_torque_fn_shutdown]
type = ParsedFunction
symbol_values = 'PID_trip_status time_trip'
symbol_names = 'PID_trip_status time_trip'
expression = 'if(PID_trip_status = 1, max(2.4 - (2.4 * ((t - time_trip) / 35000)),0.0), 1)'
[]
[motor_torque_fn]
type = ConstantFunction
value = 0 # controlled
[]
# Generates motor power curve
[motor_power_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'torque * speed'
symbol_names = 'torque speed'
symbol_values = 'motor_torque shaft:omega'
[]
##########################
# Generator
##########################
# Generates generator torque curve
[generator_torque_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'slope * t'
symbol_names = 'slope'
symbol_values = '${generator_torque_per_shaft_speed}'
[]
# Generates generator power curve
[generator_power_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'torque * speed'
symbol_names = 'torque speed'
symbol_values = 'generator_torque shaft:omega'
[]
##########################
# Reactor
##########################
# Ramps up reactor power when activated by control logic
[power_fn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 1000 8600'
y = '0 0 ${hs_power}'
[]
##########################
# Compressor
##########################
# compressor pressure ratios
[rp_comp1]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp1.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp2]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp2.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp3]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp3.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp4]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp4.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp5]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp5.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
# compressor efficiencies
[eff_comp1]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp2]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp3]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp4]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp5]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
##########################
# Turbine
##########################
# turbine pressure ratios
[rp_turb0]
type = ConstantFunction
value = 1
[]
[rp_turb1]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb1.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb2]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb2.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb3]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb3.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb4]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb4.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb5]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb5.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
# turbine efficiency
[eff_turb1]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb2]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb3]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb4]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb5]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[]
[Components]
# system inlet pulling air from the open atmosphere
[inlet]
type = InletStagnationPressureTemperature1Phase
input = 'pipe1:in'
p0 = ${p_ambient}
T0 = ${T_ambient}
[]
# Inlet pipe
[pipe1]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x1} ${y1} 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = ${L1}
n_elems = ${n_elems1}
A = ${A1}
[]
# Compressor as defined in MAGNET PCU document (Guillen 2020)
[compressor]
type = ShaftConnectedCompressor1Phase
position = '${x2} ${y2} 0'
inlet = 'pipe1:out'
outlet = 'pipe2:in'
A_ref = ${A_ref_comp}
volume = ${V_comp}
omega_rated = ${speed_rated}
mdot_rated = ${rated_mfr}
c0_rated = ${c0_rated_comp}
rho0_rated = ${rho0_rated_comp}
# Determines which compression ratio curve and efficiency curve to use depending on ratio of speed/rated_speed
speeds = '0.5208 0.6250 0.7292 0.8333 0.9375'
Rp_functions = 'rp_comp1 rp_comp2 rp_comp3 rp_comp4 rp_comp5'
eff_functions = 'eff_comp1 eff_comp2 eff_comp3 eff_comp4 eff_comp5'
min_pressure_ratio = 1.0
speed_cr_I = 0
inertia_const = ${I_comp}
inertia_coeff = '${I_comp} 0 0 0'
# assume no shaft friction
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_const = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
[]
# Outlet pipe from the compressor
[pipe2]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x2} ${y2} 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = ${L2}
n_elems = ${n_elems2}
A = ${A2}
[]
# 90 degree connection between pipe 2 and 3
[junction2_cold_leg]
type = VolumeJunction1Phase
connections = 'pipe2:out cold_leg:in'
position = '${x3} ${y3} 0'
volume = ${fparse A2*0.1}
[]
# Cold leg of the recuperator
[cold_leg]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x3} ${y3} 0'
orientation = '0 -1 0'
length = ${fparse L3/2}
n_elems = ${fparse n_elems3/2}
A = ${A3}
[]
# Recuperator which transfers heat from exhaust gas to reactor inlet gas to improve thermal efficency
[recuperator]
type = HeatStructureCylindrical
orientation = '0 -1 0'
position = '${x3} ${y3} 0'
length = ${fparse L3/2}
widths = ${recuperator_width}
n_elems = ${fparse n_elems3/2}
n_part_elems = 2
names = recuperator
solid_properties = steel
solid_properties_T_ref = '300'
inner_radius = ${D1}
[]
# heat transfer from recuperator to cold leg
[heat_transfer_cold_leg]
type = HeatTransferFromHeatStructure1Phase
flow_channel = cold_leg
hs = recuperator
hs_side = OUTER
Hw = 10000
[]
# heat transfer from hot leg to recuperator
[heat_transfer_hot_leg]
type = HeatTransferFromHeatStructure1Phase
flow_channel = hot_leg
hs = recuperator
hs_side = INNER
Hw = 10000
[]
[junction_cold_leg_3]
type = JunctionOneToOne1Phase
connections = 'cold_leg:out pipe3:in'
[]
[pipe3]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x3} ${fparse y3 - (L3/2)} 0'
orientation = '0 -1 0'
length = ${fparse L3/2}
n_elems = ${fparse n_elems3/2}
A = ${A3}
[]
# 90 degree connection between pipe 3 and 4
[junction3_4]
type = VolumeJunction1Phase
connections = 'pipe3:out pipe4:in'
position = '${x4} ${y4} 0'
volume = ${fparse A3*0.1}
[]
# Pipe through the "reactor core"
[pipe4]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x4} ${y4} 0'
orientation = '-1 0 0'
length = ${L4}
n_elems = ${n_elems4}
A = ${A4}
[]
# "Reactor Core" and it's associated heat transfer to pipe 4
[reactor]
type = HeatStructureCylindrical
orientation = '-1 0 0'
position = '${x4} ${y4} 0'
length = ${L4}
widths = 0.15
n_elems = ${n_elems4}
n_part_elems = 2
names = core
solid_properties = steel
solid_properties_T_ref = '300'
[]
[total_power]
type = TotalPower
power = 0
[]
[heat_generation]
type = HeatSourceFromTotalPower
power = total_power
hs = reactor
regions = core
[]
[heat_transfer]
type = HeatTransferFromHeatStructure1Phase
flow_channel = pipe4
hs = reactor
hs_side = OUTER
Hw = 10000
[]
# 90 degree connection between pipe 4 and 5
[junction4_5]
type = VolumeJunction1Phase
connections = 'pipe4:out pipe5:in'
position = '${x5} ${y5} 0'
volume = ${fparse A4*0.1}
[]
# Pipe carrying hot gas back to the PCU
[pipe5]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x5} ${y5} 0'
orientation = '0 1 0'
length = ${L5}
n_elems = ${n_elems5}
A = ${A5}
[]
# 90 degree connection between pipe 5 and 6
[junction5_6]
type = VolumeJunction1Phase
connections = 'pipe5:out pipe6:in'
position = '${x6} ${y6} 0'
volume = ${fparse A5*0.1}
[]
# Inlet pipe to the turbine
[pipe6]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x6} ${y6} 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = ${L6}
n_elems = ${n_elems6}
A = ${A6}
[]
# Turbine as defined in MAGNET PCU document (Guillen 2020) and (Wright 2006)
[turbine]
type = ShaftConnectedCompressor1Phase
position = '${x7} ${y7} 0'
inlet = 'pipe6:out'
outlet = 'pipe7:in'
A_ref = ${A_ref_turb}
volume = ${V_turb}
# A turbine is treated as an "inverse" compressor, this value determines if component is to be treated as turbine or compressor
# If treat_as_turbine is omitted, code automatically assumes it is a compressor
treat_as_turbine = true
omega_rated = ${speed_rated}
mdot_rated = ${rated_mfr}
c0_rated = ${c0_rated_comp}
rho0_rated = ${rho0_rated_comp}
# Determines which compression ratio curve and efficiency curve to use depending on ratio of speed/rated_speed
speeds = '0 0.5208 0.6250 0.7292 0.8333 0.9375'
Rp_functions = 'rp_turb0 rp_turb1 rp_turb2 rp_turb3 rp_turb4 rp_turb5'
eff_functions = 'eff_turb1 eff_turb1 eff_turb2 eff_turb3 eff_turb4 eff_turb5'
min_pressure_ratio = 1.0
speed_cr_I = 0
inertia_const = ${I_turb}
inertia_coeff = '${I_turb} 0 0 0'
# assume no shaft friction
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_const = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
[]
# Outlet pipe from turbine
[pipe7]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x7} ${y7} 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = ${L7}
n_elems = ${n_elems7}
A = ${A7}
[]
# 90 degree connection between pipe 7 and 8
[junction7_hot_leg]
type = VolumeJunction1Phase
connections = 'pipe7:out hot_leg:in'
position = '${x8} ${y8} 0'
volume = ${fparse A7*0.1}
[]
# Hot leg of the recuperator
[hot_leg]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x8} ${y8} 0'
orientation = '0 1 0'
length = ${L8}
n_elems = ${n_elems8}
A = ${A8}
[]
# System outlet dumping exhaust gas to the atmosphere
[outlet]
type = Outlet1Phase
input = 'hot_leg:out'
p = ${p_ambient}
[]
# Roatating shaft connecting motor, compressor, turbine, and generator
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'motor compressor turbine generator'
initial_speed = ${speed_initial}
[]
# 3-Phase electircal motor used for system start-up, controlled by PID
[motor]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = ${I_motor}
torque = 0 # controlled
[]
# Electric generator supplying power to the grid
[generator]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = ${I_generator}
torque = generator_torque_fn
[]
[]
# Control logics which govern startup of the motor, startup of the "reactor core", and shutdown of the motor
[ControlLogic]
# Sets desired shaft speed to be reached by motor NOTE: SHOULD BE SET LOWER THAN RATED TURBINE RPM
[set_point]
type = GetFunctionValueControl
function = ${fparse speed_rated_rpm - 9000}
[]
# PID with gains determined by iterative process NOTE: Gain values are system specific
[initial_motor_PID]
type = PIDControl
set_point = set_point:value
input = shaft_RPM
initial_value = 0
K_p = 0.0011
K_i = 0.00000004
K_d = 0
[]
# Determines when the PID system should be running and when it should begin the shutdown cycle. If needed: PID output, else: shutdown function
[logic]
type = ParsedFunctionControl
function = 'if(motor+0.5 > turb, PID, shutdown_fn)'
symbol_names = 'motor turb PID shutdown_fn'
symbol_values = 'motor_torque turbine_torque initial_motor_PID:output motor_torque_fn_shutdown'
[]
# Takes the output generated in [logic] and applies it to the motor torque
[motor_PID]
type = SetRealValueControl
parameter = Functions/motor_torque_fn/value
value = logic:value
[]
# Determines when to turn on heat source
[power_logic]
type = ParsedFunctionControl
function = 'power_fn'
symbol_names = 'power_fn'
symbol_values = 'power_fn'
[]
# Applies heat source to the total_power block
[power_applied]
type = SetComponentRealValueControl
component = total_power
parameter = power
value = power_logic:value
[]
[]
[Controls]
# Enables set_PID_tripped
[PID_trip_status]
type = ConditionalFunctionEnableControl
conditional_function = is_tripped_fn
enable_objects = 'AuxScalarKernels::PID_trip_status_aux'
execute_on = 'TIMESTEP_END'
[]
# Enables set_time_PID
[time_PID]
type = ConditionalFunctionEnableControl
conditional_function = PID_tripped_status_fn
disable_objects = 'AuxScalarKernels::time_trip_aux'
execute_on = 'TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[]
[AuxVariables]
# Creates a variable that will later be set to the time when tau_turbine > tau_motor
[time_trip]
order = FIRST
family = SCALAR
[]
# Creates variable which indicates if tau_turbine > tau_motor....... If tau_motor > tau_turbine, 0, else 1
[PID_trip_status]
order = FIRST
family = SCALAR
initial_condition = 0
[]
[]
[AuxScalarKernels]
# Creates variable from time_fn which indicates when tau_turbine > tau_motor
[time_trip_aux]
type = FunctionScalarAux
function = time_fn
variable = time_trip
execute_on = 'TIMESTEP_END'
[]
# Overwrites variable PID_trip_status to the value from PID_tripped_constant_value (changes 0 to 1)
[PID_trip_status_aux]
type = FunctionScalarAux
function = PID_tripped_constant_value
variable = PID_trip_status
execute_on = 'TIMESTEP_END'
enable = false
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
# Indicates when tau_turbine > tau_motor
[trip_time]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = time_trip
execute_on = 'TIMESTEP_END'
[]
##########################
# Motor
##########################
[motor_torque]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
quantity = torque
shaft_connected_component_uo = motor:shaftconnected_uo
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[motor_power]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = motor_power_fn
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
##########################
# generator
##########################
[generator_torque]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
quantity = torque
shaft_connected_component_uo = generator:shaftconnected_uo
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[generator_power]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = generator_power_fn
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
##########################
# Shaft
##########################
# Speed in rad/s
[shaft_speed]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = 'shaft:omega'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
# speed in RPM
[shaft_RPM]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'shaft_speed'
expression = '(shaft_speed * 60) /( 2 * ${fparse pi})'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
##########################
# Compressor
##########################
[comp_dissipation_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = dissipation_torque
block = 'compressor'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[comp_isentropic_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = isentropic_torque
block = 'compressor'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[comp_friction_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = friction_torque
block = 'compressor'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[compressor_torque]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'comp_dissipation_torque comp_isentropic_torque comp_friction_torque'
expression = 'comp_dissipation_torque + comp_isentropic_torque + comp_friction_torque'
[]
[p_in_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x1_out} ${y1} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_out_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x2_in} ${y2} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_ratio_comp]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'p_in_comp p_out_comp'
expression = 'p_out_comp / p_in_comp'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[T_in_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x1_out} ${y1} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[T_out_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x2_in} ${y2} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[T_ratio_comp]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'T_in_comp T_out_comp'
expression = '(T_out_comp - T_in_comp) / T_out_comp'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[mfr_comp]
type = ADFlowJunctionFlux1Phase
boundary = pipe1:out
connection_index = 0
equation = mass
junction = compressor
[]
##########################
# turbine
##########################
[turb_dissipation_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = dissipation_torque
block = 'turbine'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turb_isentropic_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = isentropic_torque
block = 'turbine'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turb_friction_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = friction_torque
block = 'turbine'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turbine_torque]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'turb_dissipation_torque turb_isentropic_torque turb_friction_torque'
expression = 'turb_dissipation_torque + turb_isentropic_torque + turb_friction_torque'
[]
[p_in_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x6_out} ${y6} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_out_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x7_in} ${y7} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_ratio_turb]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'p_in_turb p_out_turb'
expression = 'p_in_turb / p_out_turb'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[T_in_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x6_out} ${y6} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[T_out_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x7_in} ${y7} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[mfr_turb]
type = ADFlowJunctionFlux1Phase
boundary = pipe6:out
connection_index = 0
equation = mass
junction = turbine
[]
##########################
# Recuperator
##########################
[cold_leg_in]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x3} ${cold_leg_in} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[cold_leg_out]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x3} ${cold_leg_out} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[hot_leg_in]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x8} ${hot_leg_in} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[hot_leg_out]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x8} ${hot_leg_out} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
##########################
# Reactor
##########################
[reactor_inlet]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x4} ${y4} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[reactor_outlet]
type = PointValue
variable = T
point = '${x5} ${y5_in} 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'bdf2'
end_time = ${t3}
[TimeStepper]
type = IterationAdaptiveDT
dt = 0.01
growth_factor = 1.1
cutback_factor = 0.9
[]
dtmin = 1e-5
dtmax = 1000
steady_state_detection = true
steady_state_start_time = 200000
solve_type = NEWTON
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
nl_abs_tol = 1e-8
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 10
petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type'
petsc_options_value = ' lu '
[]
[Outputs]
[e]
type = Exodus
file_base = 'recuperated_brayton_cycle_out'
[]
[csv]
type = CSV
file_base = 'recuperated_brayton_cycle'
execute_vector_postprocessors_on = 'INITIAL'
[]
[console]
type = Console
show = 'shaft_speed p_ratio_comp p_ratio_turb'
[]
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/components/shaft_connected_turbine_1phase/shaft_motor_turbine.i)
area = 0.2359
dt = 1.e-3
[GlobalParams]
initial_p = 2e5
initial_T = 600
initial_vel = 100
initial_vel_x = 100
initial_vel_y = 0
initial_vel_z = 0
A = ${area}
A_ref = ${area}
f = 100
scaling_factor_1phase = '0.04 0.04 0.04e-5'
closures = simple_closures
fp = fp
[]
[FluidProperties]
[fp]
type = IdealGasFluidProperties
[]
[]
[Closures]
[simple_closures]
type = Closures1PhaseSimple
[]
[]
[Components]
[turbine]
type = ShaftConnectedTurbine1Phase
inlet = 'pipe:out'
outlet = 'pipe:in'
position = '0 0 0'
volume = 0.2
inertia_coeff = '1 1 1 1'
inertia_const = 1.61397
speed_cr_I = 1e12
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
tau_fr_const = 0
omega_rated = 100
D_wheel = 0.4
head_coefficient = head
power_coefficient = power
[]
[pipe]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '0.1 0 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = 10
n_elems = 20
initial_p = 2e6
[]
[dyno]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = 1e2
torque = -1e3
[]
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'dyno turbine'
initial_speed = 300
[]
[]
[Functions]
[head]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 7e-3 1e-2'
y = '0 15 20'
[]
[power]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 6e-3 1e-2'
y = '0 0.05 0.18'
[]
[S_energy_fcn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = '-(tau_driving+tau_fr)*omega'
symbol_names = 'tau_driving tau_fr omega'
symbol_values = 'driving_torque friction_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[energy_conservation_fcn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = '(E_change - S_energy * dt) / E_tot'
symbol_names = 'E_change S_energy dt E_tot'
symbol_values = 'E_change S_energy ${dt} E_tot'
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[driving_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = driving_torque
block = 'turbine'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[friction_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = friction_torque
block = 'turbine'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
# mass conservation
[mass_pipes]
type = ElementIntegralVariablePostprocessor
variable = rhoA
block = 'pipe'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[mass_turbine]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = rhoV
block = 'turbine'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[mass_tot]
type = SumPostprocessor
values = 'mass_pipes mass_turbine'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[mass_conservation]
type = ChangeOverTimePostprocessor
postprocessor = mass_tot
change_with_respect_to_initial = true
compute_relative_change = true
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
# energy conservation
[E_pipes]
type = ElementIntegralVariablePostprocessor
variable = rhoEA
block = 'pipe'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[E_turbine]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = rhoEV
block = 'turbine'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[E_tot]
type = LinearCombinationPostprocessor
pp_coefs = '1 1'
pp_names = 'E_pipes E_turbine'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[S_energy]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = S_energy_fcn
indirect_dependencies = 'driving_torque friction_torque'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[E_change]
type = ChangeOverTimePostprocessor
postprocessor = E_tot
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
# This should also execute on initial. This value is
# lagged by one timestep as a workaround to moose issue #13262.
[energy_conservation]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = energy_conservation_fcn
execute_on = 'timestep_end'
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[SMP]
type = SMP
full = true
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'implicit-euler'
dt = ${dt}
num_steps = 6
solve_type = NEWTON
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
nl_abs_tol = 1e-6
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 10
petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type'
petsc_options_value = 'lu'
[Quadrature]
type = GAUSS
order = SECOND
[]
[]
[Outputs]
velocity_as_vector = false
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/postprocessors/shaft_connected_component_postprocessor/shaft_connected_component_postprocessor.i)
# Tests ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
[Components]
[motor]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = 1
torque = 2
[]
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'motor'
initial_speed = 0
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[motor_inertia]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
shaft_connected_component_uo = motor:shaftconnected_uo
quantity = inertia
execute_on = 'INITIAL'
[]
[motor_torque]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
shaft_connected_component_uo = motor:shaftconnected_uo
quantity = torque
execute_on = 'INITIAL'
[]
[]
[Problem]
solve = false
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
num_steps = 0
[]
[Outputs]
csv = true
execute_on = 'INITIAL'
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/misc/initial_from_file/shaft/test.i)
[GlobalParams]
initial_from_file = 'steady_state_out.e'
[]
[SolidProperties]
[mat]
type = ThermalFunctionSolidProperties
rho = 1
cp = 1
k = 1
[]
[]
[Components]
[motor]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = 1
torque = 2
[]
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'motor'
[]
[hs]
type = HeatStructureCylindrical
position = '0 0 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = 1
n_elems = 1
names = '0'
n_part_elems = 1
widths = '1'
solid_properties = 'mat'
solid_properties_T_ref = '300'
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[SMP]
type = SMP
full = true
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'bdf2'
start_time = 0
num_steps = 1
abort_on_solve_fail = true
solve_type = 'NEWTON'
line_search = 'basic'
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
nl_abs_tol = 1e-6
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 10
[]
[Outputs]
csv = true
show = 'shaft:omega'
execute_on = 'initial'
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/components/shaft_connected_motor/test.i)
[SolidProperties]
[mat]
type = ThermalFunctionSolidProperties
rho = 1
cp = 1
k = 1
[]
[]
[Components]
[motor]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = 1
torque = 2
[]
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'motor'
[]
[hs]
type = HeatStructureCylindrical
position = '0 0 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = 1
n_elems = 1
names = '0'
n_part_elems = 1
widths = '1'
solid_properties = 'mat'
solid_properties_T_ref = '300'
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[SMP_PJFNK]
type = SMP
full = true
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'bdf2'
start_time = 0
num_steps = 5
abort_on_solve_fail = true
solve_type = 'PJFNK'
line_search = 'basic'
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
nl_abs_tol = 1e-6
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 10
[]
[Outputs]
csv = true
show = 'shaft:omega'
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/components/shaft_connected_pump_1phase/shaft_motor_pump.i)
# Pump data used in this test comes from the Semiscale Program, summarized in NUREG/CR-4945
initial_T = 393.15
area = 1e-2
dt = 1.e-2
[GlobalParams]
initial_p = 1.4E+07
initial_T = ${initial_T}
initial_vel = 10
initial_vel_x = 10
initial_vel_y = 0
initial_vel_z = 0
A = ${area}
A_ref = ${area}
f = 100
scaling_factor_1phase = '0.04 0.04 0.04e-5'
closures = simple_closures
fp = fp
[]
[FluidProperties]
[fp]
type = IdealGasFluidProperties
[]
[]
[Closures]
[simple_closures]
type = Closures1PhaseSimple
[]
[]
[Components]
[pump]
type = ShaftConnectedPump1Phase
inlet = 'pipe:out'
outlet = 'pipe:in'
position = '0 0 0'
scaling_factor_rhoEV = 1e-5
volume = 0.3
inertia_coeff = '1 1 1 1'
inertia_const = 1.61397
omega_rated = 314
speed_cr_I = 1e12
speed_cr_fr = 0
torque_rated = 47.1825
volumetric_rated = 1
head_rated = 58.52
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 9.084 0'
tau_fr_const = 0
head = head_fcn
torque_hydraulic = torque_fcn
density_rated = 124.2046
[]
[pipe]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '0.6096 0 0'
orientation = '1 0 0'
length = 10
n_elems = 20
[]
[motor]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = 2
torque = 47
[]
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'motor pump'
initial_speed = 30
[]
[]
[Functions]
[head_fcn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = semiscale_head_data.csv
format = columns
[]
[torque_fcn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = semiscale_torque_data.csv
format = columns
[]
[S_energy_fcn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = '-tau_hyd * omega'
symbol_names = 'tau_hyd omega'
symbol_values = 'hydraulic_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[energy_conservation_fcn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = '(E_change - S_energy * dt) / E_tot'
symbol_names = 'E_change S_energy dt E_tot'
symbol_values = 'E_change S_energy ${dt} E_tot'
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[hydraulic_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = hydraulic_torque
block = 'pump'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
# mass conservation
[mass_pipes]
type = ElementIntegralVariablePostprocessor
variable = rhoA
block = 'pipe'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[mass_pump]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = rhoV
block = 'pump'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[mass_tot]
type = SumPostprocessor
values = 'mass_pipes mass_pump'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[mass_conservation]
type = ChangeOverTimePostprocessor
postprocessor = mass_tot
change_with_respect_to_initial = true
compute_relative_change = true
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
# energy conservation
[E_pipes]
type = ElementIntegralVariablePostprocessor
variable = rhoEA
block = 'pipe'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[E_pump]
type = ElementAverageValue
variable = rhoEV
block = 'pump'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[E_tot]
type = LinearCombinationPostprocessor
pp_coefs = '1 1'
pp_names = 'E_pipes E_pump'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[S_energy]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = S_energy_fcn
indirect_dependencies = 'hydraulic_torque'
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
[E_change]
type = ChangeOverTimePostprocessor
postprocessor = E_tot
execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
[]
# This should also execute on initial. This value is
# lagged by one timestep as a workaround to moose issue #13262.
[energy_conservation]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = energy_conservation_fcn
execute_on = 'timestep_end'
indirect_dependencies = 'E_tot E_change S_energy'
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[SMP_PJFNK]
type = SMP
full = true
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'implicit-euler'
dt = ${dt}
num_steps = 6
solve_type = 'NEWTON'
line_search = 'basic'
petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type'
petsc_options_value = ' lu'
nl_rel_tol = 1e-8
nl_abs_tol = 1e-6
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 10
[Quadrature]
type = GAUSS
order = SECOND
[]
[]
[Outputs]
velocity_as_vector = false
[]
(modules/thermal_hydraulics/test/tests/problems/brayton_cycle/closed_brayton_cycle.i)
# This input file is used to demonstrate a simple closed, air Brayton cycle using
# a compressor, turbine, shaft, motor, and generator.
# The flow length is divided into 6 segments as illustrated below, where
# - "(C)" denotes the compressor
# - "(T)" denotes the turbine
# - "*" denotes a fictitious junction
#
# Heated section Cooled section
# *-----(C)-----*--------------*-----(T)-----*--------------*
# 1 2 3 4 5 6
#
# Initially the fluid is at rest at ambient conditions, the shaft speed is zero,
# and no heat transfer occurs with the system.
# The transient is controlled as follows:
# * 0 - 100 s: motor ramps up torque linearly from zero
# * 100 - 200 s: motor ramps down torque linearly to zero, HTC ramps up linearly from zero.
# * 200 - 300 s: (no changes; should approach steady condition)
I_motor = 1.0
motor_torque_max = 400.0
I_generator = 1.0
generator_torque_per_shaft_speed = -0.00025
motor_ramp_up_duration = 100.0
motor_ramp_down_duration = 100.0
post_motor_time = 100.0
t1 = ${motor_ramp_up_duration}
t2 = ${fparse t1 + motor_ramp_down_duration}
t3 = ${fparse t2 + post_motor_time}
D1 = 0.15
D2 = ${D1}
D3 = ${D1}
D4 = ${D1}
D5 = ${D1}
D6 = ${D1}
A1 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D1^2}
A2 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D2^2}
A3 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D3^2}
A4 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D4^2}
A5 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D5^2}
A6 = ${fparse 0.25 * pi * D6^2}
L1 = 10.0
L2 = ${L1}
L3 = ${L1}
L4 = ${L1}
L5 = ${L1}
L6 = ${L1}
x1 = 0.0
x2 = ${fparse x1 + L1}
x3 = ${fparse x2 + L2}
x4 = ${fparse x3 + L3}
x5 = ${fparse x4 + L4}
x6 = ${fparse x5 + L5}
x2_minus = ${fparse x2 - 0.001}
x2_plus = ${fparse x2 + 0.001}
x5_minus = ${fparse x5 - 0.001}
x5_plus = ${fparse x5 + 0.001}
n_elems1 = 10
n_elems2 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems3 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems4 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems5 = ${n_elems1}
n_elems6 = ${n_elems1}
A_ref_comp = ${fparse 0.5 * (A1 + A2)}
V_comp = ${fparse A_ref_comp * 1.0}
I_comp = 1.0
A_ref_turb = ${fparse 0.5 * (A4 + A5)}
V_turb = ${fparse A_ref_turb * 1.0}
I_turb = 1.0
c0_rated_comp = 351.6925137
rho0_rated_comp = 1.146881112
rated_mfr = 0.25
speed_rated_rpm = 96000
speed_rated = ${fparse speed_rated_rpm * 2 * pi / 60.0}
speed_initial = 0
eff_comp = 0.79
eff_turb = 0.843
T_hot = 1000
T_cold = 300
T_ambient = 300
p_ambient = 1e5
[GlobalParams]
orientation = '1 0 0'
gravity_vector = '0 0 0'
initial_p = ${p_ambient}
initial_T = ${T_ambient}
initial_vel = 0
initial_vel_x = 0
initial_vel_y = 0
initial_vel_z = 0
fp = fp_air
closures = closures
f = 0
scaling_factor_1phase = '1 1 1e-5'
scaling_factor_rhoV = 1
scaling_factor_rhouV = 1
scaling_factor_rhovV = 1
scaling_factor_rhowV = 1
scaling_factor_rhoEV = 1e-5
rdg_slope_reconstruction = none
[]
[Functions]
[motor_torque_time_fn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 ${t1} ${t2}'
y = '0 ${motor_torque_max} 0'
[]
[motor_torque_fn]
type = ConstantFunction
value = 0 # controlled
[]
[motor_power_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'torque * speed'
symbol_names = 'torque speed'
symbol_values = 'motor_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[generator_torque_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'slope * t'
symbol_names = 'slope'
symbol_values = '${generator_torque_per_shaft_speed}'
[]
[generator_power_fn]
type = ParsedFunction
expression = 'torque * speed'
symbol_names = 'torque speed'
symbol_values = 'generator_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[htc_wall_fn]
type = PiecewiseLinear
x = '0 ${t1} ${t2}'
y = '0 0 1e3'
[]
[]
[FluidProperties]
[fp_air]
type = IdealGasFluidProperties
emit_on_nan = none
[]
[]
[Closures]
[closures]
type = Closures1PhaseSimple
[]
[]
[Components]
[shaft]
type = Shaft
connected_components = 'motor compressor turbine generator'
initial_speed = ${speed_initial}
scaling_factor_omega = 1e-3
[]
[motor]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = ${I_motor}
torque = motor_torque_fn
[]
[generator]
type = ShaftConnectedMotor
inertia = ${I_generator}
torque = generator_torque_fn
[]
[pipe1]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x1} 0 0'
length = ${L1}
n_elems = ${n_elems1}
A = ${A1}
[]
[compressor]
type = ShaftConnectedCompressor1Phase
position = '${x2} 0 0'
inlet = 'pipe1:out'
outlet = 'pipe2:in'
A_ref = ${A_ref_comp}
volume = ${V_comp}
omega_rated = ${speed_rated}
mdot_rated = ${rated_mfr}
c0_rated = ${c0_rated_comp}
rho0_rated = ${rho0_rated_comp}
speeds = '0.5208 0.6250 0.7292 0.8333 0.9375'
Rp_functions = 'rp_comp1 rp_comp2 rp_comp3 rp_comp4 rp_comp5'
eff_functions = 'eff_comp1 eff_comp2 eff_comp3 eff_comp4 eff_comp5'
min_pressure_ratio = 1.0
speed_cr_I = 0
inertia_const = ${I_comp}
inertia_coeff = '${I_comp} 0 0 0'
# assume no shaft friction
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_const = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
[]
[pipe2]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x2} 0 0'
length = ${L2}
n_elems = ${n_elems2}
A = ${A2}
[]
[junction2_3]
type = JunctionOneToOne1Phase
connections = 'pipe2:out pipe3:in'
[]
[pipe3]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x3} 0 0'
length = ${L3}
n_elems = ${n_elems3}
A = ${A3}
[]
[junction3_4]
type = JunctionOneToOne1Phase
connections = 'pipe3:out pipe4:in'
[]
[pipe4]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x4} 0 0'
length = ${L4}
n_elems = ${n_elems4}
A = ${A4}
[]
[turbine]
type = ShaftConnectedCompressor1Phase
position = '${x5} 0 0'
inlet = 'pipe4:out'
outlet = 'pipe5:in'
A_ref = ${A_ref_turb}
volume = ${V_turb}
treat_as_turbine = true
omega_rated = ${speed_rated}
mdot_rated = ${rated_mfr}
c0_rated = ${c0_rated_comp}
rho0_rated = ${rho0_rated_comp}
speeds = '0 0.5208 0.6250 0.7292 0.8333 0.9375'
Rp_functions = 'rp_turb0 rp_turb1 rp_turb2 rp_turb3 rp_turb4 rp_turb5'
eff_functions = 'eff_turb1 eff_turb1 eff_turb2 eff_turb3 eff_turb4 eff_turb5'
min_pressure_ratio = 1.0
speed_cr_I = 0
inertia_const = ${I_turb}
inertia_coeff = '${I_turb} 0 0 0'
# assume no shaft friction
speed_cr_fr = 0
tau_fr_const = 0
tau_fr_coeff = '0 0 0 0'
[]
[pipe5]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x5} 0 0'
length = ${L5}
n_elems = ${n_elems5}
A = ${A5}
[]
[junction5_6]
type = JunctionOneToOne1Phase
connections = 'pipe5:out pipe6:in'
[]
[pipe6]
type = FlowChannel1Phase
position = '${x6} 0 0'
length = ${L6}
n_elems = ${n_elems6}
A = ${A6}
[]
[junction6_1]
type = JunctionOneToOne1Phase
connections = 'pipe6:out pipe1:in'
[]
[heating]
type = HeatTransferFromSpecifiedTemperature1Phase
flow_channel = pipe3
T_wall = ${T_hot}
Hw = htc_wall_fn
[]
[cooling]
type = HeatTransferFromSpecifiedTemperature1Phase
flow_channel = pipe6
T_wall = ${T_cold}
Hw = htc_wall_fn
[]
[]
[ControlLogic]
[get_motor_torque_control]
type = GetFunctionValueControl
function = motor_torque_time_fn
[]
[set_motor_torque_control]
type = SetRealValueControl
parameter = Functions/motor_torque_fn/value
value = get_motor_torque_control:value
[]
[]
[Postprocessors]
[heating_rate]
type = ADHeatRateConvection1Phase
block = 'pipe3'
T = T
T_wall = T_wall
Hw = Hw
P_hf = P_hf
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[cooling_rate]
type = ADHeatRateConvection1Phase
block = 'pipe6'
T = T
T_wall = T_wall
Hw = Hw
P_hf = P_hf
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[motor_torque]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
quantity = torque
shaft_connected_component_uo = motor:shaftconnected_uo
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[motor_power]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = motor_power_fn
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
indirect_dependencies = 'motor_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[generator_torque]
type = ShaftConnectedComponentPostprocessor
quantity = torque
shaft_connected_component_uo = generator:shaftconnected_uo
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[generator_power]
type = FunctionValuePostprocessor
function = generator_power_fn
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
indirect_dependencies = 'generator_torque shaft:omega'
[]
[shaft_speed]
type = ScalarVariable
variable = 'shaft:omega'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_in_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x2_minus} 0 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_out_comp]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x2_plus} 0 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_ratio_comp]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'p_in_comp p_out_comp'
expression = 'p_out_comp / p_in_comp'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_in_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x5_minus} 0 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_out_turb]
type = PointValue
variable = p
point = '${x5_plus} 0 0'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[p_ratio_turb]
type = ParsedPostprocessor
pp_names = 'p_in_turb p_out_turb'
expression = 'p_in_turb / p_out_turb'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[mfr_comp]
type = ADFlowJunctionFlux1Phase
boundary = pipe1:out
connection_index = 0
equation = mass
junction = compressor
[]
[mfr_turb]
type = ADFlowJunctionFlux1Phase
boundary = pipe4:out
connection_index = 0
equation = mass
junction = turbine
[]
[compressor:isentropic_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'compressor'
variable = 'isentropic_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[compressor:dissipation_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'compressor'
variable = 'dissipation_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[compressor:friction_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'compressor'
variable = 'friction_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turbine:isentropic_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'turbine'
variable = 'isentropic_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turbine:dissipation_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'turbine'
variable = 'dissipation_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[turbine:friction_torque]
type = ElementAverageValue
block = 'turbine'
variable = 'friction_torque'
execute_on = 'INITIAL TIMESTEP_END'
[]
[]
[Preconditioning]
[pc]
type = SMP
full = true
[]
[]
[Executioner]
type = Transient
scheme = 'bdf2'
end_time = ${t3}
[TimeStepper]
type = IterationAdaptiveDT
optimal_iterations = 5
iteration_window = 0
dt = 0.1
growth_factor = 1.2
cutback_factor = 0.8
[]
dtmin = 1e-3
dtmax = 10
solve_type = NEWTON
nl_rel_tol = 1e-50
nl_abs_tol = 1e-10
nl_max_its = 15
l_tol = 1e-4
l_max_its = 10
[]
[Outputs]
[csv]
type = CSV
file_base = 'closed_brayton_cycle'
execute_vector_postprocessors_on = 'INITIAL'
[]
[console]
type = Console
show = 'shaft_speed p_ratio_comp p_ratio_turb compressor:pressure_ratio turbine:pressure_ratio'
[]
[]
[Functions]
# compressor pressure ratio
[rp_comp1]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp1.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp2]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp2.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp3]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp3.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp4]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp4.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_comp5]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_comp5.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
# compressor efficiency
[eff_comp1]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp2]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp3]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp4]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
[eff_comp5]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_comp}
[]
# turbine pressure ratio
[rp_turb0]
type = ConstantFunction
value = 1
[]
[rp_turb1]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb1.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb2]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb2.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb3]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb3.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb4]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb4.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
[rp_turb5]
type = PiecewiseLinear
data_file = 'rp_turb5.csv'
x_index_in_file = 0
y_index_in_file = 1
format = columns
extrap = true
[]
# turbine efficiency
[eff_turb1]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb2]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb3]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb4]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[eff_turb5]
type = ConstantFunction
value = ${eff_turb}
[]
[]