ADComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain

Computes eigenstrain due to thermal expansion with a constant coefficient

Description

This model computes the eigenstrain tensor resulting from isotropic thermal expansion where the constant thermal expansion is defined by a user-supplied scalar linear thermal-expansion coefficient, $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-026d92d7-2cab-40be-bea6-9e646fdec861");katex.render("\\alpha", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false,macros:{"\\pf":"\\frac{\\partial #1}{\\partial #2}"}});$ . The thermal expansion eigenstrain is then computed as

$var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-fee32246-a9a8-46e8-8c63-f1fb4d089489");katex.render("\\boldsymbol{\\epsilon}^{thermal} = \\alpha \\cdot \\left( T - T_{stress\\_free} \\right) \\boldsymbol{I}", element, {displayMode:true,throwOnError:false,macros:{"\\pf":"\\frac{\\partial #1}{\\partial #2}"}});$

where $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-ee7dd1d6-6879-4f8d-a157-922d87be947d");katex.render("T", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false,macros:{"\\pf":"\\frac{\\partial #1}{\\partial #2}"}});$ is the current temperature, $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-a9d2fb33-ddc9-416f-b293-8c3b6b1b896c");katex.render("T_{stress\\_free}", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false,macros:{"\\pf":"\\frac{\\partial #1}{\\partial #2}"}});$ is the stress free temperature, and $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-b97ece52-4f71-4908-99d2-e87a8cebdf18");katex.render("\\boldsymbol{I}", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false,macros:{"\\pf":"\\frac{\\partial #1}{\\partial #2}"}});$ is the identity matrix. Jacobian contributions are computed using forward mode automatic differentiation.

Example Input File Syntax

[./thermal_expansion_strain]
  type = ADComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
  stress_free_temperature = 200
  thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.3e-5
  temperature = temp
  eigenstrain_name = eigenstrain
[../]

/opt/civet/build_0/moose/modules/tensor_mechanics/test/tests/thermal_expansion/ad_constant_expansion_stress_free_temp.i

# This test involves only thermal expansion strains on a 2x2x2 cube of approximate
# steel material; however, in this case the stress free temperature of the material
# has been set to 200K so that there is an initial delta temperature of 100K.

# An initial temperature of 300K is given for the material,
# and an auxkernel is used to calculate the temperature in the entire cube to
# raise the temperature each time step.  The final temperature is 675K
# The thermal strain increment should therefore be
#     (675K - 300K) * 1.3e-5 1/K + 100K * 1.3e-5 1/K = 6.175e-3 m/m.

# This test uses a start up step to identify problems in the calculation of
# eigenstrains with a stress free temperature that is different from the initial
# value of the temperature in the problem

[Mesh]
  type = GeneratedMesh
  dim = 3
  nx = 2
  ny = 2
  nz = 2
[]

[GlobalParams]
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
[]

[Variables]
  [./temp]
    initial_condition = 300.0
  [../]
[]

[AuxVariables]
  [./eigenstrain_yy]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_xx]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_zz]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./total_strain_yy]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./total_strain_xx]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./total_strain_zz]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
[]

[Functions]
  [./temperature_load]
    type = ParsedFunction
    value = t*(5000.0)+300.0
  [../]
[]

[Modules]
  [./TensorMechanics]
    [./Master]
      [./all]
        strain = SMALL
        incremental = true
        add_variables = true
        eigenstrain_names = eigenstrain
        use_automatic_differentiation = true
      [../]
    [../]
  [../]
[]

[Kernels]
  [./temp]
    type = Diffusion
    variable = temp
  [../]
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [./eigenstrain_yy]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = eigenstrain
    variable = eigenstrain_yy
    index_i = 1
    index_j = 1
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_xx]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = eigenstrain
    variable = eigenstrain_xx
    index_i = 0
    index_j = 0
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_zz]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = eigenstrain
    variable = eigenstrain_zz
    index_i = 2
    index_j = 2
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_yy]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_strain_yy
    index_i = 1
    index_j = 1
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_xx]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_strain_xx
    index_i = 0
    index_j = 0
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_zz]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_strain_zz
    index_i = 2
    index_j = 2
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
[]

[BCs]
  [./x_bot]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = left
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./y_bot]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = bottom
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./z_bot]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_z
    boundary = back
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./temp]
    type = FunctionDirichletBC
    variable = temp
    function = temperature_load
    boundary = 'left right'
  [../]
[]

[Materials]
  [./elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 2.1e5
    poissons_ratio = 0.3
  [../]
  [./small_stress]
    type = ADComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
  [../]
  [./thermal_expansion_strain]
    type = ADComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    stress_free_temperature = 200
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.3e-5
    temperature = temp
    eigenstrain_name = eigenstrain
  [../]
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [./smp]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  [../]
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'NEWTON'

  l_max_its = 50
  nl_max_its = 50
  nl_rel_tol = 1e-12
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-10
  l_tol = 1e-9

  start_time = -0.0125
  n_startup_steps = 1
  end_time = 0.075
  dt = 0.0125
  dtmin = 0.0001
[]

[Outputs]
  exodus = true
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [./eigenstrain_xx]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = eigenstrain_xx
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_yy]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = eigenstrain_yy
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_zz]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = eigenstrain_zz
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_xx]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = total_strain_xx
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_yy]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = total_strain_yy
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_zz]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = total_strain_zz
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./temperature]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    variable = temp
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
[]

The eigenstrain_names parameter value must also be set for the strain calculator, and an example parameter setting is shown below:

[./Master]
  [./all]
    strain = SMALL
    incremental = true
    add_variables = true
    eigenstrain_names = eigenstrain
    use_automatic_differentiation = true
  [../]
[../]

/opt/civet/build_0/moose/modules/tensor_mechanics/test/tests/thermal_expansion/ad_constant_expansion_stress_free_temp.i

# This test involves only thermal expansion strains on a 2x2x2 cube of approximate
# steel material; however, in this case the stress free temperature of the material
# has been set to 200K so that there is an initial delta temperature of 100K.

# An initial temperature of 300K is given for the material,
# and an auxkernel is used to calculate the temperature in the entire cube to
# raise the temperature each time step.  The final temperature is 675K
# The thermal strain increment should therefore be
#     (675K - 300K) * 1.3e-5 1/K + 100K * 1.3e-5 1/K = 6.175e-3 m/m.

# This test uses a start up step to identify problems in the calculation of
# eigenstrains with a stress free temperature that is different from the initial
# value of the temperature in the problem

[Mesh]
  type = GeneratedMesh
  dim = 3
  nx = 2
  ny = 2
  nz = 2
[]

[GlobalParams]
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
[]

[Variables]
  [./temp]
    initial_condition = 300.0
  [../]
[]

[AuxVariables]
  [./eigenstrain_yy]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_xx]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_zz]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./total_strain_yy]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./total_strain_xx]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./total_strain_zz]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
[]

[Functions]
  [./temperature_load]
    type = ParsedFunction
    value = t*(5000.0)+300.0
  [../]
[]

[Modules]
  [./TensorMechanics]
    [./Master]
      [./all]
        strain = SMALL
        incremental = true
        add_variables = true
        eigenstrain_names = eigenstrain
        use_automatic_differentiation = true
      [../]
    [../]
  [../]
[]

[Kernels]
  [./temp]
    type = Diffusion
    variable = temp
  [../]
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [./eigenstrain_yy]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = eigenstrain
    variable = eigenstrain_yy
    index_i = 1
    index_j = 1
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_xx]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = eigenstrain
    variable = eigenstrain_xx
    index_i = 0
    index_j = 0
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_zz]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = eigenstrain
    variable = eigenstrain_zz
    index_i = 2
    index_j = 2
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_yy]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_strain_yy
    index_i = 1
    index_j = 1
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_xx]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_strain_xx
    index_i = 0
    index_j = 0
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_zz]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_strain_zz
    index_i = 2
    index_j = 2
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
[]

[BCs]
  [./x_bot]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = left
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./y_bot]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = bottom
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./z_bot]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_z
    boundary = back
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./temp]
    type = FunctionDirichletBC
    variable = temp
    function = temperature_load
    boundary = 'left right'
  [../]
[]

[Materials]
  [./elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 2.1e5
    poissons_ratio = 0.3
  [../]
  [./small_stress]
    type = ADComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
  [../]
  [./thermal_expansion_strain]
    type = ADComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    stress_free_temperature = 200
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.3e-5
    temperature = temp
    eigenstrain_name = eigenstrain
  [../]
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [./smp]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  [../]
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'NEWTON'

  l_max_its = 50
  nl_max_its = 50
  nl_rel_tol = 1e-12
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-10
  l_tol = 1e-9

  start_time = -0.0125
  n_startup_steps = 1
  end_time = 0.075
  dt = 0.0125
  dtmin = 0.0001
[]

[Outputs]
  exodus = true
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [./eigenstrain_xx]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = eigenstrain_xx
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_yy]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = eigenstrain_yy
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_zz]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = eigenstrain_zz
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_xx]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = total_strain_xx
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_yy]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = total_strain_yy
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_zz]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = total_strain_zz
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./temperature]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    variable = temp
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
[]

Input Parameters

eigenstrain_nameMaterial property name for the eigenstrain tensor computed by this model. IMPORTANT: The name of this property must also be provided to the strain calculator.
C++ Type:std::string
Options:
Description:Material property name for the eigenstrain tensor computed by this model. IMPORTANT: The name of this property must also be provided to the strain calculator.
stress_free_temperatureReference temperature at which there is no thermal expansion for thermal eigenstrain calculation
C++ Type:std::vector
Options:
Description:Reference temperature at which there is no thermal expansion for thermal eigenstrain calculation
thermal_expansion_coeffThermal expansion coefficient
C++ Type:double
Options:
Description:Thermal expansion coefficient

Required Parameters

base_nameOptional parameter that allows the user to define multiple mechanics material systems on the same block, i.e. for multiple phases
C++ Type:std::string
Options:
Description:Optional parameter that allows the user to define multiple mechanics material systems on the same block, i.e. for multiple phases
blockThe list of block ids (SubdomainID) that this object will be applied
C++ Type:std::vector
Options:
Description:The list of block ids (SubdomainID) that this object will be applied
boundaryThe list of boundary IDs from the mesh where this boundary condition applies
C++ Type:std::vector
Options:
Description:The list of boundary IDs from the mesh where this boundary condition applies
computeTrueWhen false, MOOSE will not call compute methods on this material. The user must call computeProperties() after retrieving the MaterialBase via MaterialBasePropertyInterface::getMaterialBase(). Non-computed MaterialBases are not sorted for dependencies.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Options:
Description:When false, MOOSE will not call compute methods on this material. The user must call computeProperties() after retrieving the MaterialBase via MaterialBasePropertyInterface::getMaterialBase(). Non-computed MaterialBases are not sorted for dependencies.
constant_onNONEWhen ELEMENT, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps.When SUBDOMAIN, MOOSE will only call computeSubdomainProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps. Evaluations on element qps will be skipped
Default:NONE
C++ Type:MooseEnum
Options:NONE ELEMENT SUBDOMAIN
Description:When ELEMENT, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps.When SUBDOMAIN, MOOSE will only call computeSubdomainProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps. Evaluations on element qps will be skipped
temperatureCoupled temperature
C++ Type:std::vector
Options:
Description:Coupled temperature

Optional Parameters

control_tagsAdds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
C++ Type:std::vector
Options:
Description:Adds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
enableTrueSet the enabled status of the MooseObject.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Options:
Description:Set the enabled status of the MooseObject.
implicitTrueDetermines whether this object is calculated using an implicit or explicit form
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Options:
Description:Determines whether this object is calculated using an implicit or explicit form
seed0The seed for the master random number generator
Default:0
C++ Type:unsigned int
Options:
Description:The seed for the master random number generator
use_displaced_meshFalseWhether or not this object should use the displaced mesh for computation. Note that in the case this is true but no displacements are provided in the Mesh block the undisplaced mesh will still be used.
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Options:
Description:Whether or not this object should use the displaced mesh for computation. Note that in the case this is true but no displacements are provided in the Mesh block the undisplaced mesh will still be used.

Advanced Parameters

output_propertiesList of material properties, from this material, to output (outputs must also be defined to an output type)
C++ Type:std::vector
Options:
Description:List of material properties, from this material, to output (outputs must also be defined to an output type)
outputsnone Vector of output names were you would like to restrict the output of variables(s) associated with this object
Default:none
C++ Type:std::vector
Options:
Description:Vector of output names were you would like to restrict the output of variables(s) associated with this object

Outputs Parameters

Input Files

tutorials/darcy_thermo_mech/step09_mechanics/problems/step9.i
modules/tensor_mechanics/test/tests/thermal_expansion/ad_constant_expansion_coeff.i
modules/combined/test/tests/thermo_mech/ad-thermo_mech.i
tutorials/darcy_thermo_mech/step11_action/problems/step11.i
modules/tensor_mechanics/test/tests/thermal_expansion/ad_constant_expansion_stress_free_temp.i
tutorials/darcy_thermo_mech/step10_multiapps/problems/step10.i

tutorials/darcy_thermo_mech/step09_mechanics/problems/step9.i

[GlobalParams]
  displacements = 'disp_r disp_z'
[]

[Mesh]
  type = GeneratedMesh
  dim = 2
  ny = 200
  nx = 10
  ymax = 0.304 # Length of test chamber
  xmax = 0.0257 # Test chamber radius
[]

[MeshModifiers]
  [bottom]
    type = SubdomainBoundingBox
    location = inside
    bottom_left = '0 0 0'
    top_right = '0.01285 0.304 0'
    block_id = 1
  []
[]

[Variables]
  [pressure]
  []
  [temperature]
    initial_condition = 300 # Start at room temperature
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  [velocity]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL_VEC
  []
[]

[Modules/TensorMechanics/Master]
  [all]
    # This block adds all of the proper Kernels, strain calculators, and Variables
    # for TensorMechanics in the correct coordinate system (autodetected)
    add_variables = true
    strain = FINITE
    eigenstrain_names = eigenstrain
    use_automatic_differentiation = true
    generate_output = 'vonmises_stress elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy strain_xx strain_yy'
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  [darcy_pressure]
    type = DarcyPressure
    variable = pressure
  []
  [heat_conduction]
    type = ADHeatConduction
    variable = temperature
  []
  [heat_conduction_time_derivative]
    type = ADHeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temperature
  []
  [heat_convection]
    type = DarcyAdvection
    variable = temperature
    pressure = pressure
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [velocity]
    type = DarcyVelocity
    variable = velocity
    execute_on = timestep_end
    pressure = pressure
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [inlet]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = pressure
    boundary = bottom
    value = 4000 # (Pa) From Figure 2 from paper.  First data point for 1mm spheres.
  []
  [outlet]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = pressure
    boundary = top
    value = 0 # (Pa) Gives the correct pressure drop from Figure 2 for 1mm spheres
  []
  [inlet_temperature]
    type = FunctionDirichletBC
    variable = temperature
    boundary = bottom
    function = 'if(t<0,350+50*t,350)'
  []
  [outlet_temperature]
    type = HeatConductionOutflow
    variable = temperature
    boundary = top
  []
  [hold_inlet]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_z
    boundary = bottom
    value = 0
  []
  [hold_center]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_r
    boundary = left
    value = 0
  []
  [hold_outside]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_r
    boundary = right
    value = 0
  []
[]

[Materials]
  viscosity_file = data/water_viscosity.csv
  density_file = data/water_density.csv
  thermal_conductivity_file = data/water_thermal_conductivity.csv
  specific_heat_file = data/water_specific_heat.csv
  thermal_expansion_file = data/water_thermal_expansion.csv

  [column_top]
    type = PackedColumn
    block = 0
    temperature = temperature
    radius = 1.15
    fluid_viscosity_file = ${viscosity_file}
    fluid_density_file = ${density_file}
    fluid_thermal_conductivity_file = ${thermal_conductivity_file}
    fluid_specific_heat_file = ${specific_heat_file}
    fluid_thermal_expansion_file = ${thermal_expansion_file}
  []
  [column_bottom]
    type = PackedColumn
    block = 1
    temperature = temperature
    radius = 1
    fluid_viscosity_file = ${viscosity_file}
    fluid_density_file = ${density_file}
    fluid_thermal_conductivity_file = ${thermal_conductivity_file}
    fluid_specific_heat_file = ${specific_heat_file}
    fluid_thermal_expansion_file = ${thermal_expansion_file}
  []

  [elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 200e9 # (Pa) from wikipedia
    poissons_ratio = .3 # from wikipedia

  []
  [elastic_stress]
    type = ADComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
  []
  [thermal_strain]
    type = ADComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    stress_free_temperature = 300
    eigenstrain_name = eigenstrain
    temperature = temperature
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1e-5 # TM modules doesn't support material property, but it will
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [average_temperature]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temperature
  []
[]

[Problem]
  type = FEProblem
  coord_type = RZ
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  start_time = -1
  end_time = 200
  steady_state_tolerance = 1e-7
  steady_state_detection = true
  dt = 0.25
  solve_type = PJFNK
  automatic_scaling = true
  compute_scaling_once = false
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type'
  petsc_options_value = 'lu'
  #petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_hypre_type -ksp_gmres_restart'
  #petsc_options_value = 'hypre boomeramg 500'
  line_search = none
  [TimeStepper]
    type = FunctionDT
    function = 'if(t<0,0.1,0.25)'
  []
[]

[Outputs]
  [out]
    type = Exodus
    elemental_as_nodal = true
  []
[]

modules/tensor_mechanics/test/tests/thermal_expansion/ad_constant_expansion_coeff.i

# This test involves only thermal expansion strains on a 2x2x2 cube of approximate
# steel material.  An initial temperature of 25 degrees C is given for the material,
# and an auxkernel is used to calculate the temperature in the entire cube to
# raise the temperature each time step.  After the first timestep,in which the
# temperature jumps, the temperature increases by 6.25C each timestep.
# The thermal strain increment should therefore be
#     6.25 C * 1.3e-5 1/C = 8.125e-5 m/m.

# This test is also designed to be used to identify problems with restart files

[Mesh]
  type = GeneratedMesh
  dim = 3
  nx = 2
  ny = 2
  nz = 2
[]

[GlobalParams]
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
[]

[Variables]
  [./temp]
  [../]
[]

[Functions]
  [./temperature_load]
    type = ParsedFunction
    value = t*(500.0)+300.0
  [../]
[]

[Modules]
  [./TensorMechanics]
    [./Master]
      [./all]
        strain = SMALL
        incremental = true
        add_variables = true
        eigenstrain_names = eigenstrain
        generate_output = 'strain_xx strain_yy strain_zz'
        use_automatic_differentiation = true
      [../]
    [../]
  [../]
[]

[Kernels]
  [./tempfuncaux]
    type = Diffusion
    variable = temp
  [../]
[]

[BCs]
  [./x_bot]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = left
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./y_bot]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = bottom
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./z_bot]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_z
    boundary = back
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./temp]
    type = FunctionDirichletBC
    variable = temp
    function = temperature_load
    boundary = 'left right'
  [../]
[]

[Materials]
  [./elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 2.1e5
    poissons_ratio = 0.3
  [../]
  [./small_stress]
    type = ADComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
  [../]
  [./thermal_expansion_strain]
    type = ADComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    stress_free_temperature = 298
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.3e-5
    temperature = temp
    eigenstrain_name = eigenstrain
  [../]
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [./smp]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  [../]
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'NEWTON'

  l_max_its = 50
  nl_max_its = 50
  nl_rel_tol = 1e-12
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-10
  l_tol = 1e-9

  start_time = 0.0
  end_time = 0.075
  dt = 0.0125
  dtmin = 0.0001
[]

[Outputs]
  csv = true
  exodus = true
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [./strain_xx]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = strain_xx
  [../]
  [./strain_yy]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = strain_yy
  [../]
  [./strain_zz]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = strain_zz
  [../]
  [./temperature]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    variable = temp
  [../]
[]

modules/combined/test/tests/thermo_mech/ad-thermo_mech.i

[GlobalParams]
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
  temperature = temp
  volumetric_locking_correction = true
[]

[Mesh]
  file = cube.e
[]

[Variables]
  [./disp_x]
  [../]
  [./disp_y]
  [../]
  [./disp_z]
  [../]

  [./temp]
  [../]
[]

[Kernels]
  [./TensorMechanics]
    use_automatic_differentiation = true
  [../]

  [./heat]
    type = ADHeatConduction
    variable = temp
  [../]
[]

[BCs]
  [./bottom_x]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = 1
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./bottom_y]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = 1
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./bottom_z]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_z
    boundary = 1
    value = 0.0
  [../]

  [./bottom_temp]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = temp
    preset = false
    boundary = 1
    value = 10.0
  [../]
[]

[Materials]
  [./elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 1.0
    poissons_ratio = 0.3
  [../]
  [./strain]
    type = ADComputeSmallStrain
    eigenstrain_names = eigenstrain
  [../]
  [./thermal_strain]
    type = ADComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    stress_free_temperature = 0.0
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1e-5
    eigenstrain_name = eigenstrain
  [../]
  [./stress]
    type = ADComputeLinearElasticStress
  [../]

  [./heat]
    type = HeatConductionMaterial
    specific_heat = 1.0
    thermal_conductivity = 1.0
  [../]

  [./density]
    type = ADDensity
    density = 1.0
  [../]
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [./smp]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  [../]
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'PJFNK'

  nl_rel_tol = 1e-14
  l_tol = 1e-3

  l_max_its = 100

  dt = 1.0
  end_time = 1.0
[]

[Outputs]
  exodus = true
[]

tutorials/darcy_thermo_mech/step11_action/problems/step11.i

[GlobalParams]
  displacements = 'disp_r disp_z'
[]

[Mesh]
  type = GeneratedMesh
  dim = 2
  ny = 200
  nx = 10
  ymax = 0.304 # Length of test chamber
  xmax = 0.0257 # Test chamber radius
[]

[Variables]
  [pressure]
  []
  [temperature]
    initial_condition = 300 # Start at room temperature
  []
[]

[DarcyThermoMech]
[]

[Modules/TensorMechanics/Master]
  [all]
    # This block adds all of the proper Kernels, strain calculators, and Variables
    # for TensorMechanics in the correct coordinate system (autodetected)
    add_variables = true
    strain = FINITE
    eigenstrain_names = eigenstrain
    use_automatic_differentiation = true
    generate_output = 'vonmises_stress elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy strain_xx strain_yy'
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [inlet]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = pressure
    boundary = bottom
    value = 4000 # (Pa) From Figure 2 from paper.  First data point for 1mm spheres.
  []
  [outlet]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = pressure
    boundary = top
    value = 0 # (Pa) Gives the correct pressure drop from Figure 2 for 1mm spheres
  []
  [inlet_temperature]
    type = FunctionDirichletBC
    variable = temperature
    boundary = bottom
    function = 'if(t<0,350+50*t,350)'
  []
  [outlet_temperature]
    type = HeatConductionOutflow
    variable = temperature
    boundary = top
  []
  [hold_inlet]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_z
    boundary = bottom
    value = 0
  []
  [hold_center]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_r
    boundary = left
    value = 0
  []
  [hold_outside]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_r
    boundary = right
    value = 0
  []
[]

[Materials]
  viscosity_file = data/water_viscosity.csv
  density_file = data/water_density.csv
  thermal_conductivity_file = data/water_thermal_conductivity.csv
  specific_heat_file = data/water_specific_heat.csv
  thermal_expansion_file = data/water_thermal_expansion.csv

  [column]
    type = PackedColumn
    block = 0
    temperature = temperature
    radius = 1.15
    fluid_viscosity_file = ${viscosity_file}
    fluid_density_file = ${density_file}
    fluid_thermal_conductivity_file = ${thermal_conductivity_file}
    fluid_specific_heat_file = ${specific_heat_file}
    fluid_thermal_expansion_file = ${thermal_expansion_file}
  []

  [elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 200e9 # (Pa) from wikipedia
    poissons_ratio = .3 # from wikipedia

  []
  [elastic_stress]
    type = ADComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
  []
  [thermal_strain]
    type = ADComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    stress_free_temperature = 300
    eigenstrain_name = eigenstrain
    temperature = temperature
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1e-5
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [average_temperature]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temperature
  []
[]

[Problem]
  type = FEProblem
  coord_type = RZ
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  start_time = -1
  end_time = 200
  steady_state_tolerance = 1e-7
  steady_state_detection = true
  dt = 0.25
  solve_type = PJFNK
  automatic_scaling = true
  compute_scaling_once = false
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_hypre_type -ksp_gmres_restart'
  petsc_options_value = 'hypre boomeramg 500'
  line_search = none
  [TimeStepper]
    type = FunctionDT
    function = 'if(t<0,0.1,0.25)'
  []
[]

[Outputs]
  [out]
    type = Exodus
    elemental_as_nodal = true
  []
[]

modules/tensor_mechanics/test/tests/thermal_expansion/ad_constant_expansion_stress_free_temp.i

# This test involves only thermal expansion strains on a 2x2x2 cube of approximate
# steel material; however, in this case the stress free temperature of the material
# has been set to 200K so that there is an initial delta temperature of 100K.

# An initial temperature of 300K is given for the material,
# and an auxkernel is used to calculate the temperature in the entire cube to
# raise the temperature each time step.  The final temperature is 675K
# The thermal strain increment should therefore be
#     (675K - 300K) * 1.3e-5 1/K + 100K * 1.3e-5 1/K = 6.175e-3 m/m.

# This test uses a start up step to identify problems in the calculation of
# eigenstrains with a stress free temperature that is different from the initial
# value of the temperature in the problem

[Mesh]
  type = GeneratedMesh
  dim = 3
  nx = 2
  ny = 2
  nz = 2
[]

[GlobalParams]
  displacements = 'disp_x disp_y disp_z'
[]

[Variables]
  [./temp]
    initial_condition = 300.0
  [../]
[]

[AuxVariables]
  [./eigenstrain_yy]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_xx]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_zz]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./total_strain_yy]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./total_strain_xx]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
  [./total_strain_zz]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL
  [../]
[]

[Functions]
  [./temperature_load]
    type = ParsedFunction
    value = t*(5000.0)+300.0
  [../]
[]

[Modules]
  [./TensorMechanics]
    [./Master]
      [./all]
        strain = SMALL
        incremental = true
        add_variables = true
        eigenstrain_names = eigenstrain
        use_automatic_differentiation = true
      [../]
    [../]
  [../]
[]

[Kernels]
  [./temp]
    type = Diffusion
    variable = temp
  [../]
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [./eigenstrain_yy]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = eigenstrain
    variable = eigenstrain_yy
    index_i = 1
    index_j = 1
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_xx]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = eigenstrain
    variable = eigenstrain_xx
    index_i = 0
    index_j = 0
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_zz]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = eigenstrain
    variable = eigenstrain_zz
    index_i = 2
    index_j = 2
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_yy]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_strain_yy
    index_i = 1
    index_j = 1
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_xx]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_strain_xx
    index_i = 0
    index_j = 0
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_zz]
    type = RankTwoAux
    rank_two_tensor = total_strain
    variable = total_strain_zz
    index_i = 2
    index_j = 2
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
[]

[BCs]
  [./x_bot]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_x
    boundary = left
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./y_bot]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_y
    boundary = bottom
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./z_bot]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_z
    boundary = back
    value = 0.0
  [../]
  [./temp]
    type = FunctionDirichletBC
    variable = temp
    function = temperature_load
    boundary = 'left right'
  [../]
[]

[Materials]
  [./elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 2.1e5
    poissons_ratio = 0.3
  [../]
  [./small_stress]
    type = ADComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
  [../]
  [./thermal_expansion_strain]
    type = ADComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    stress_free_temperature = 200
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1.3e-5
    temperature = temp
    eigenstrain_name = eigenstrain
  [../]
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [./smp]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  [../]
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = 'NEWTON'

  l_max_its = 50
  nl_max_its = 50
  nl_rel_tol = 1e-12
  nl_abs_tol = 1e-10
  l_tol = 1e-9

  start_time = -0.0125
  n_startup_steps = 1
  end_time = 0.075
  dt = 0.0125
  dtmin = 0.0001
[]

[Outputs]
  exodus = true
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [./eigenstrain_xx]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = eigenstrain_xx
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_yy]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = eigenstrain_yy
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./eigenstrain_zz]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = eigenstrain_zz
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_xx]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = total_strain_xx
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_yy]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = total_strain_yy
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./total_strain_zz]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = total_strain_zz
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
  [./temperature]
    type = AverageNodalVariableValue
    variable = temp
    execute_on = 'initial timestep_end'
  [../]
[]

tutorials/darcy_thermo_mech/step10_multiapps/problems/step10.i

[GlobalParams]
  displacements = 'disp_r disp_z'
[]

[Mesh]
  type = GeneratedMesh
  dim = 2
  nx = 10
  ny = 100
  ymax = 0.304 # Length of test chamber
  xmax = 0.0257 # Test chamber radius
[]

[Variables]
  [pressure]
  []
  [temperature]
    initial_condition = 300 # Start at room temperature
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  [k_eff]
    initial_condition = 15.0 # water at 20C
  []
  [velocity]
    order = CONSTANT
    family = MONOMIAL_VEC
  []
[]

[Modules/TensorMechanics/Master]
  [all]
    # This block adds all of the proper Kernels, strain calculators, and Variables
    # for TensorMechanics in the correct coordinate system (autodetected)
    add_variables = true
    strain = FINITE
    eigenstrain_names = eigenstrain
    use_automatic_differentiation = true
    generate_output = 'vonmises_stress elastic_strain_xx elastic_strain_yy strain_xx strain_yy'
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  [darcy_pressure]
    type = DarcyPressure
    variable = pressure
  []
  [heat_conduction]
    type = ADHeatConduction
    variable = temperature
  []
  [heat_conduction_time_derivative]
    type = ADHeatConductionTimeDerivative
    variable = temperature
  []
  [heat_convection]
    type = DarcyAdvection
    variable = temperature
    pressure = pressure
  []
[]

[AuxKernels]
  [velocity]
    type = DarcyVelocity
    variable = velocity
    execute_on = timestep_end
    pressure = pressure
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [inlet]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = pressure
    boundary = bottom
    value = 4000 # (Pa) From Figure 2 from paper.  First data point for 1mm spheres.
  []
  [outlet]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = pressure
    boundary = top
    value = 0 # (Pa) Gives the correct pressure drop from Figure 2 for 1mm spheres
  []
  [inlet_temperature]
    type = FunctionDirichletBC
    variable = temperature
    boundary = bottom
    function = 'if(t<0,350+50*t,350)'
  []
  [outlet_temperature]
    type = HeatConductionOutflow
    variable = temperature
    boundary = top
  []
  [hold_inlet]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_z
    boundary = bottom
    value = 0
  []
  [hold_center]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_r
    boundary = left
    value = 0
  []
  [hold_outside]
    type = DirichletBC
    variable = disp_r
    boundary = right
    value = 0
  []
[]

[Materials]
  viscosity_file = data/water_viscosity.csv
  density_file = data/water_density.csv
  specific_heat_file = data/water_specific_heat.csv
  thermal_expansion_file = data/water_thermal_expansion.csv
  [column]
    type = PackedColumn
    temperature = temperature
    radius = 1
    thermal_conductivity = k_eff # Use the AuxVariable instead of calculating
    fluid_viscosity_file = ${viscosity_file}
    fluid_density_file = ${density_file}
    fluid_specific_heat_file = ${specific_heat_file}
    fluid_thermal_expansion_file = ${thermal_expansion_file}
  []

  [elasticity_tensor]
    type = ComputeIsotropicElasticityTensor
    youngs_modulus = 200e9 # (Pa) from wikipedia
    poissons_ratio = .3 # from wikipedia
  []
  [elastic_stress]
    type = ADComputeFiniteStrainElasticStress
  []
  [thermal_strain]
    type = ADComputeThermalExpansionEigenstrain
    stress_free_temperature = 300
    thermal_expansion_coeff = 1e-6
    eigenstrain_name = eigenstrain
    temperature = temperature
  []
[]

[Postprocessors]
  [average_temperature]
    type = ElementAverageValue
    variable = temperature
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  start_time = -1
  end_time = 200
  steady_state_tolerance = 1e-7
  steady_state_detection = true
  dt = 0.25
  solve_type = PJFNK
  automatic_scaling = true
  compute_scaling_once = false
  petsc_options_iname = '-pc_type -pc_hypre_type -ksp_gmres_restart'
  petsc_options_value = 'hypre boomeramg 500'
  line_search = none
  [TimeStepper]
    type = FunctionDT
    function = 'if(t<0,0.1,0.25)'
  []
[]


[MultiApps]
  [micro]
    type = TransientMultiApp
    app_type = DarcyThermoMechApp
    positions = '0.01285 0.0    0
                 0.01285 0.0608 0
                 0.01285 0.1216 0
                 0.01285 0.1824 0
                 0.01285 0.2432 0
                 0.01285 0.304  0'
    input_files = step10_micro.i
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  []
[]

[Transfers]
  [keff_from_sub]
    type = MultiAppPostprocessorInterpolationTransfer
    direction = from_multiapp
    multi_app = micro
    variable = k_eff
    power = 1
    postprocessor = k_eff
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  []
  [temperature_to_sub]
    type = MultiAppVariableValueSamplePostprocessorTransfer
    direction = to_multiapp
    multi_app = micro
    source_variable = temperature
    postprocessor = temperature_in
    execute_on = 'timestep_end'
  []
[]

[Controls]
  [multiapp]
    type = TimePeriod
    disable_objects = 'MultiApps::micro Transfers::keff_from_sub Transfers::temperature_to_sub'
    start_time = '0'
    execute_on = 'initial'
  []
[]

[Outputs]
  [out]
    type = Exodus
    elemental_as_nodal = true
  []
[]

Description
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