PorousFlowSinkBC

This class adds a PorousFlowSink and a PorousFlowEnthalpySink to model adding fluid at a mass flux rate and specified temperature.

note

Despite its name, PorousFlowSinkBC adds fluid rather than removing it. The term "Sink" is used solely to maintain consistency with other PorousFlow objects.

This BC can be used to model two situations, both of which involve injecting fluid at a specified rate and specified temperature:

If "porepressure_var" is provided, then the injected enthalpy is calculated using this pressure (which may be an AuxVariable, for instance) and "T_in". This corresponds to injecting a fluid at a specified rate, specified pressure and specified temperature.
If "fluid_phase" is provided, then the injected enthalpy is calculated using the porepressure within the porous medium, and "T_in".

In both cases flux_function must be negative. Its magnitude gives the fluid mass flux into the model (kg.m $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-952af2ad-3e36-4c47-9c80-25d65ead7d43");katex.render("^{-2}", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false,macros:{"\\eqc":"\\,,","\\eqp":"\\,.","\\pd":"\\frac{\\partial #1}{\\partial #2}","\\pr":"\\left(#1\\right)","\\ddt":"\\frac{d #1}{d t}"}});$ .s $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-a86542de-79b9-423d-bc20-5e0d3ff1df17");katex.render("^{-1}", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false,macros:{"\\eqc":"\\,,","\\eqp":"\\,.","\\pd":"\\frac{\\partial #1}{\\partial #2}","\\pr":"\\left(#1\\right)","\\ddt":"\\frac{d #1}{d t}"}});$ ).

[Modules<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Modules/index.html"}>>>]
  [PorousFlow<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Modules/PorousFlow/index.html"}>>>]
    [BCs<<<{"href": "../../syntax/Modules/PorousFlow/BCs/index.html"}>>>]
      [left]
        type = PorousFlowSinkBC<<<{"description": "BC corresponding to hot/cold fluid injection. This BC is only valid for single-phase, non-isothermal simulations using (P, T) variables. This BC adds fluid mass and heat energy. It is only meaningful if flux_function <= 0", "href": "PorousFlowSinkBC.html"}>>>
        boundary<<<{"description": "The list of boundary IDs from the mesh where this boundary condition applies"}>>> = left
        fluid_phase<<<{"description": "Evaluate enthalpy at the pressure of this fluid phase."}>>> = 0
        T_in<<<{"description": "Specified inlet temperature (measured in K)"}>>> = 300
        fp<<<{"description": "The name of the user object for fluid properties"}>>> = simple_fluid
        flux_function<<<{"description": "The flux.  The flux is OUT of the medium: hence positive values of this function means this BC will act as a SINK, while negative values indicate this flux will be a SOURCE. However, this BC only makes physical sense if flux_function <= 0.  This function is measured in kg.m^-2.s^-1."}>>> = -1
      []
    []
  []
[]

Input Parameters

PorousFlowDictatorThe UserObject that holds the list of PorousFlow variable names
C++ Type:UserObjectName
Controllable:No
Description:The UserObject that holds the list of PorousFlow variable names
T_inSpecified inlet temperature (measured in K)
C++ Type:Real
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Specified inlet temperature (measured in K)
boundaryThe list of boundary IDs from the mesh where this boundary condition applies
C++ Type:std::vector<BoundaryName>
Controllable:No
Description:The list of boundary IDs from the mesh where this boundary condition applies
flux_functionThe flux. The flux is OUT of the medium: hence positive values of this function means this BC will act as a SINK, while negative values indicate this flux will be a SOURCE. However, this BC only makes physical sense if flux_function <= 0. This function is measured in kg.m^-2.s^-1.
C++ Type:FunctionName
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:The flux. The flux is OUT of the medium: hence positive values of this function means this BC will act as a SINK, while negative values indicate this flux will be a SOURCE. However, this BC only makes physical sense if flux_function <= 0. This function is measured in kg.m^-2.s^-1.
fpThe name of the user object for fluid properties
C++ Type:UserObjectName
Controllable:No
Description:The name of the user object for fluid properties

Required Parameters

fluid_phaseEvaluate enthalpy at the pressure of this fluid phase.
C++ Type:unsigned int
Controllable:No
Description:Evaluate enthalpy at the pressure of this fluid phase.
porepressure_varName of the porepressure variable
C++ Type:std::vector<VariableName>
Unit:(no unit assumed)
Controllable:No
Description:Name of the porepressure variable

Optional Parameters

control_tagsAdds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
C++ Type:std::vector<std::string>
Controllable:No
Description:Adds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
enableTrueSet the enabled status of the MooseObject.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Controllable:No
Description:Set the enabled status of the MooseObject.

Advanced Parameters

Input Files

(modules/porous_flow/examples/multiapp_fracture_flow/single_fracture_heat_transfer/fracture_app.i)
(modules/porous_flow/test/tests/sinks/s11_act.i)

(modules/porous_flow/test/tests/sinks/s11_act.i)

# Test that using PorousFlowSinkBC we get the same answer as in s11.i

[Mesh]
  type = GeneratedMesh
  dim = 3
  nx = 2
  ny = 2
  nz = 2
  xmin = 0
  xmax = 10
  ymin = 0
  ymax = 10
  zmin = 0
  zmax = 10
[]

[GlobalParams]
  PorousFlowDictator = dictator
[]

[UserObjects]
  [dictator]
    type = PorousFlowDictator
    porous_flow_vars = 'pp temp'
    number_fluid_phases = 1
    number_fluid_components = 1
  []
  [pc]
    type = PorousFlowCapillaryPressureConst
    pc = 0.1
  []
[]

[Variables]
  [pp]
    initial_condition = 1
  []
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 2
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  [mass0]
    type = PorousFlowMassTimeDerivative
    fluid_component = 0
    variable = pp
  []

  [heat_conduction]
    type = TimeDerivative
    variable = temp
  []
[]

[FluidProperties]
  [simple_fluid]
    type = SimpleFluidProperties
    bulk_modulus = 1
    density0 = 10
    thermal_expansion = 0
    viscosity = 11
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [ppss]
    type = PorousFlow1PhaseFullySaturated
    porepressure = pp
  []
  [massfrac]
    type = PorousFlowMassFraction
  []
  [simple_fluid]
    type = PorousFlowSingleComponentFluid
    fp = simple_fluid
    phase = 0
  []
  [porosity]
    type = PorousFlowPorosityConst
    porosity = 0.125
  []

  [temperature]
    type = PorousFlowTemperature
    temperature = temp
  []
[]

[Modules]
  [PorousFlow]
    [BCs]
      [left]
        type = PorousFlowSinkBC
        boundary = left
        fluid_phase = 0
        T_in = 300
        fp = simple_fluid
        flux_function = -1
      []
    []
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [andy]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = Newton
  dt = 0.25
  end_time = 1
  nl_rel_tol = 1E-12
  nl_abs_tol = 1E-12
[]

[Outputs]
  file_base = s11
  [exodus]
    type = Exodus
    execute_on = 'initial final'
  []
[]

(modules/porous_flow/examples/multiapp_fracture_flow/single_fracture_heat_transfer/fracture_app.i)

# Fracture physics.  Heat is injected at the left end.  Heat advects along the fracture and conducts to the matrix App
[Mesh]
  [generate]
    type = GeneratedMeshGenerator
    dim = 1
    nx = 100
    xmin = 0
    xmax = 100.0
  []
[]

[GlobalParams]
  PorousFlowDictator = dictator
[]

[Variables]
  [frac_P]
    initial_condition = 2 # MPa
  []
  [frac_T]
    initial_condition = 40 # degC
  []
[]

[PorousFlowFullySaturated]
  coupling_type = ThermoHydro
  porepressure = frac_P
  temperature = frac_T
  fp = simple_fluid
  stabilization = KT
  flux_limiter_type = minmod
  gravity = '0 0 0'
  pressure_unit = MPa
  temperature_unit = Celsius
  time_unit = seconds
[]

[Kernels]
  [toMatrix]
    type = PorousFlowHeatMassTransfer
    variable = frac_T
    v = transferred_matrix_T
    transfer_coefficient = 1E2
    save_in = joules_per_s
  []
[]

[Modules]
  [PorousFlow]
    [BCs]
      [left_injection]
        type = PorousFlowSinkBC
        boundary = left
        fluid_phase = 0
        T_in = 373 # Kelvin!
        fp = simple_fluid
        flux_function = -10 # 10 kg/s
      []
    []
  []
[]

[BCs]
  [mass_production]
    type = PorousFlowSink
    boundary = right
    variable = frac_P
    flux_function = 10
  []
  [heat_production]
    type = PorousFlowSink
    boundary = right
    variable = frac_T
    flux_function = 10
    fluid_phase = 0
    use_enthalpy = true
  []
[]

[FluidProperties]
  [simple_fluid]
    type = SimpleFluidProperties
    bulk_modulus = 1E9 # in Pa
    density0 = 1000
    thermal_expansion = 0 # for simplicity
    viscosity = 1E-3 # in Pa.s
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [porosity]
    type = PorousFlowPorosityConst
    porosity = 1E-2 # includes fracture aperture of 1E-2
  []
  [permeability]
    type = PorousFlowPermeabilityConst
    permeability = '1E-8 0 0   0 1E-8 0   0 0 1E-8' # roughness times a^3/12
  []
  [internal_energy]
    type = PorousFlowMatrixInternalEnergy
    density = 1
    specific_heat_capacity = 0 # basically no rock inside the fracture
  []
  [aq_thermal_conductivity]
    type = PorousFlowThermalConductivityIdeal
    dry_thermal_conductivity = '0.6E-2 0 0  0 0.6E-2 0  0 0 0.6E-2' # thermal conductivity of water times fracture aperture
  []
[]

[AuxVariables]
  [transferred_matrix_T]
  []
  [joules_per_s]
  []
[]

[VectorPostprocessors]
  [heat_transfer_rate]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    outputs = none
    sort_by = id
    variable = joules_per_s
  []
  [frac]
    type = NodalValueSampler
    outputs = frac
    sort_by = x
    variable = 'frac_T frac_P'
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [entire_jacobian]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = NEWTON
  dt = 100
  end_time = 100
[]

[Outputs]
  print_linear_residuals = false
  exodus = true
  [frac]
    type = CSV
    execute_on = final
  []
[]

(modules/porous_flow/test/tests/sinks/s11_act.i)

# Test that using PorousFlowSinkBC we get the same answer as in s11.i

[Mesh]
  type = GeneratedMesh
  dim = 3
  nx = 2
  ny = 2
  nz = 2
  xmin = 0
  xmax = 10
  ymin = 0
  ymax = 10
  zmin = 0
  zmax = 10
[]

[GlobalParams]
  PorousFlowDictator = dictator
[]

[UserObjects]
  [dictator]
    type = PorousFlowDictator
    porous_flow_vars = 'pp temp'
    number_fluid_phases = 1
    number_fluid_components = 1
  []
  [pc]
    type = PorousFlowCapillaryPressureConst
    pc = 0.1
  []
[]

[Variables]
  [pp]
    initial_condition = 1
  []
  [temp]
    initial_condition = 2
  []
[]

[Kernels]
  [mass0]
    type = PorousFlowMassTimeDerivative
    fluid_component = 0
    variable = pp
  []

  [heat_conduction]
    type = TimeDerivative
    variable = temp
  []
[]

[FluidProperties]
  [simple_fluid]
    type = SimpleFluidProperties
    bulk_modulus = 1
    density0 = 10
    thermal_expansion = 0
    viscosity = 11
  []
[]

[Materials]
  [ppss]
    type = PorousFlow1PhaseFullySaturated
    porepressure = pp
  []
  [massfrac]
    type = PorousFlowMassFraction
  []
  [simple_fluid]
    type = PorousFlowSingleComponentFluid
    fp = simple_fluid
    phase = 0
  []
  [porosity]
    type = PorousFlowPorosityConst
    porosity = 0.125
  []

  [temperature]
    type = PorousFlowTemperature
    temperature = temp
  []
[]

[Modules]
  [PorousFlow]
    [BCs]
      [left]
        type = PorousFlowSinkBC
        boundary = left
        fluid_phase = 0
        T_in = 300
        fp = simple_fluid
        flux_function = -1
      []
    []
  []
[]

[Preconditioning]
  [andy]
    type = SMP
    full = true
  []
[]

[Executioner]
  type = Transient
  solve_type = Newton
  dt = 0.25
  end_time = 1
  nl_rel_tol = 1E-12
  nl_abs_tol = 1E-12
[]

[Outputs]
  file_base = s11
  [exodus]
    type = Exodus
    execute_on = 'initial final'
  []
[]

Input Parameters
Input Files

PorousFlowSinkBC

Input Parameters

Required Parameters

Optional Parameters

Advanced Parameters

Input Files

porepressure_var

T_in

fluid_phase

T_in

(modules/porous_flow/test/tests/sinks/s11_act.i)

(modules/porous_flow/examples/multiapp_fracture_flow/single_fracture_heat_transfer/fracture_app.i)

(modules/porous_flow/test/tests/sinks/s11_act.i)